The article is devoted to the analysis of the Soviet healthcare system formation in the Far East in 1922–1925. The research covers key challenges encountered by the new authorities: post-war devastation, acute labor shortage, chronic under-funding, and disorganization of the inherited medical infrastructure. The article outlines creation and functioning of the Far Eastern Health Department (Dalzdrav), its interaction with central and local authorities, as well as measures taken to restore the medical infrastructure. Furthermore, its predecessors are examined – the Ministry of Healthcare and the General Directorate of Healthcare of the Far Eastern Republic. The study details measures to establish a managerial hierarchy, as well as to arrange a system of reporting and coordinating with the local authorities. The research demonstrates budget allocations dynamics and expenditures structure. The comparative analysis is presented of the medical infrastructure in the Far Eastern Oblast from 1924 to 1925, which allowed us to reveal a structural imbalance between urban and rural healthcare bodies. The author highlights measures taken by the authorities to overcome the accumulated wartime difficulties with regard to medical personnel, and equipping the inpatient and outpatient facilities. A specific focus in the article is made on preventive medicine development, in particular, on creation of the Far Eastern Resort Administration (Dalkurupr) and development of the then-potentially profitable health resorts Sadgorod and Kuldur. Drawn on archival materials introduced into the scholarly discourse for the first time, the article shows the laying down of the foundations for the unified healthcare system in the region and the beginning of the medical facilities network restoration.
Background. Artificial intelligence (AI) technologies open new opportunities for foreign language teaching by providing personalized approach, adaptability, and immediate feedback. However, methodological issues of structured interaction with AI remain insufficiently developed, hindering the productive use of these tools in educational practice. Purpose. To test the developed algorithm for modeling educational dialogues with AI and to evaluate its impact on students' comfort, motivation, and readiness for communicative practice with AI. Materials and methods. The theoretical framework was based on contemporary research on AI integration in foreign language teaching. The empirical part included a formative experiment involving control and experimental groups (n = 71; EG = 35, CG = 36). Data were collected through questionnaires at the diagnostic and control stages. Data analysis included statistical methods and content analysis of open-ended responses. Results. The diagnostic stage revealed a significant contradiction: despite a moderately high level of trust in AI technologies and their regular use for academic tasks, the majority of students (66.2%) did not employ dialogue systems for developing communicative skills. Analysis of initial interaction experience with large language models (GPT, DeepSeek, GigaChat) for language learning purposes showed that only one-third of participants were able to maintain a meaningful dialogue and achieve their communicative goals. The application of the developed prompt construction algorithm allowed overcoming these limitations by ensuring dialogue controllability and reproducibility of communicative practice conditions. Comparative analysis following the experiment demonstrated statistically significant advantages of the experimental group in terms of communication comfort, dialogue effectiveness, and motivation. The transformation of barrier structures for foreign language practice indicates the removal of psychological difficulties and the development of students' understanding of productive technology use. The study confirmed that AI effectiveness in language education is determined by the quality of pedagogical support.
This article examines the impact of corporate culture on the organizational performance of a large transportation company, using the example of the Far Eastern Infrastructure Directorate of Russian Railways. Amid the digital transformation of the transportation industry and increasing competition in the labor market, corporate culture is becoming a strategic management tool, determining a company’s ability to adapt and develop innovatively. This issue is particularly significant for large infrastructure organizations, where established hierarchical management models may conflict with the objectives of technological modernization.
The article is devoted to less studied episodes of relationship of former partisans from the Far East in different periods of national history with various representatives of local Soviet authorities in the field, state security officials, and party functionaries. The study of social attitudes in the early Soviet society after the bloody confrontation of the Civil War included the issue of adaptation of its former participants who belonged to different classes and social strata of the country. A special place during the Civil War was occupied by members of the partisan movement, which accumulated the masses’ brightest representatives in its ranks, who waged the war in the specific conditions. In the Russian Far East, the process of relations between the former partisans and government authorities had its own peculiarities. In 1920–1922, it took place against the background of mass rejection by the former members of the partisan movement of the decision to create the Far Eastern Republic (DVR). Afterwards, the former partisans posed a definite problem for the Soviet authorities against the background of the ongoing policy of collectivization and the fight against the kulaks. A fierce struggle for benefits and justice unfolded in the local partisan commissions after the 1930s, when the Red partisans’ merits were recognized nationwide. Based on archival sources and memoirs of the former partisans, deep social processes are revealed of the national and regional history stages that took place in the periods of collectivization, political processes and repressions of the 1930s. Issues are covered of former partisans involvement in preparing partisan activities in accordance with the military doctrine of the country on the eve of and during the Great Patriotic War, and participation of the partisan movement veterans in activating the social and political life of the Soviet society in the mid-1950s–60s.
