The Federal University Dutse (FUD), is one of the nine universities created by the Federal Government of Nigeria in 2011.FUD offers both undergraduate and postgraduate programs (Pgde.Msc.and as well as PhD)The Federal University, Dutse (FUD) held its first convocation ceremony on January 16, 2016.Delivering his speech at the convocation ceremony the Pioneer vice chancellor of the university Professor Jibirilla Dahiru Aminu (OFR) revealed that the university has scored over 80 percent marks from the assessment made by National Council of university on facilities and academic effectiveness.Delivering his speech at the convocation ceremony the Pioneer vice chancellor of the university Professor Jibirilla Dahiru Aminu (OFR) revealed that the university has scored over 80 percent marks from the assessment made by National Council of University on facilities and academic effectiveness.The university's campus is located in the ancient town of Dutse the capital of Jigawa State. FUD seeks to attract a diverse cast of lecturers and students, support research and teaching on local, national and global issues and create academic relationships with many universities and higher education institutions in Nigeria and across the world. FUD is offering a broad range of degree programs in Humanities, Natural and the Social Sciences, Agricultural Science and also in Medicine. Faculties in offerings are Faculty of law, faculty of engineering and faculty of management science to take up this year.From the university's pioneer crop of 205 students enrolled in four academic programmes in three faculties had grown to about 3,200 students in the university's fifth academic year of operation, while there are 1,332 academicand non-teaching staff. The number courses in the university nowstand at 17.
Invention of high-performance, environmentally friendly disazo acid dyes (D1-D4) intended for sustainable textile coloring and pH-responsive sensing applications is reported in this study. Sulphanilic acid and other aromatic derivatives were used in simplified diazotization-coupling procedure to create dyes. Effective integration of azo and sulfonate groups, guaranteeing superior water solubility, was verified by structural characterization. Dyes created bright, high-affinity orange and red colors with remarkable wash and light fastness (ratings: 4–5) when applied to wool and nylon. λmax values in UV-vis spectra varied according to substituent location, from 479 to 485 nm. Notably, protonation-deprotonation balance drives Dye D1’s reversible, “smart” color shift from brown to pink in response to pH changes. Among synthesized dyes, D1 showed a clear and reversible pH-responsive color change, going from brown to pink under increasingly acidic conditions, while D3 showed mild pH sensitivity and dyes D2 and D4 remained color-stable throughout tested pH range of 2–4, displaying distinct chromatic stability profiles. Compared to nylon, the K/S and fastness qualities of wool materials were higher. These results show that synthesized dyes have great promise for creation of novel, pH-sensitive smart fabrics in addition to offering excellent technical performance and high fixing, which reduces environmental leaching.
Water contamination by hazardous organic dyes and nitrophenols, particularly methylene blue (MB) and 4-nitrophenol (4-NP), is one of the critical environmental challenges in recent times. Conventional remediation methods often face limitations, including inefficiency, high cost, and the generation of secondary pollution. Catalytic reduction using metal/metal oxide (M/MO) nanoparticles (NPs) is a promising alternative for converting these pollutants into less harmful substances. However, the practical application of bare M/MO NPs is hindered by issues of aggregation, instability, and leaching. This paper comprehensively discusses the innovative strategy for stabilizing M/MO NPs with eco-friendly and cost-effective biopolymers. The paper explores strategies for extraction of biopolymers, synthesis and characterization of biopolymer-stabilized M/MO nanocomposites (NCs), their effectiveness in reducing 4-NP and MB, their stability and reusability, as well as the mechanisms of the reduction process. Furthermore, the critical operational parameters influencing catalytic efficiency are discussed, and performance is evaluated through key catalytic performance metrics such as the conversion rate, rate constant, and turnover frequency. The finding of the review revealed that biopolymer incorporation into M/MO NPs significantly enhanced MB and 4-NP conversion efficiency while improving nanoparticle dispersion, stability, and reusability. Despite their considerable advantages, challenges such as potential nanoparticle leaching, biopolymer degradation, and the need for reducing agent optimization remain. The review finally presents future research directions, which include the development of greener alternatives to NaBH4, computational mechanistic studies, and scaling up the technology for real-world wastewater treatment applications.
Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are crystalline porous materials composed of central metal ions coordinated to organic ligands, forming tunable frameworks. Due to their excellent textural properties and superior mechanical and thermal stability, pristine MOFs have been utilised as electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors. Nevertheless, the limited electrical conductivity negatively affects their rate performance. Herein, we report the enhanced capacitance properties of Ni-based MOF/rGO composite prepared by a facile in situ method with a low loading level of rGO. The microstructural studies revealed that the presence of the GO in the reaction bath not only influences the morphology of MOF but also facilitates the transformation of the nickel salt precursor into the final product. The optimised Ni-MOF/rGO2.0 electrode exhibited a specific capacity of 527 C g⁻1 at 6 A g⁻1 as compared to pristine Ni-MOF (402 C g⁻1). Furthermore, Ni-MOF/rGO2.0 electrode demonstrated a superior rate capability by retaining 38.11
The pervasive introduction of toxic substances into the environment poses significant threat to human health and ecological integrity, driving the urgent need for sustainable remediation technologies. Biosurfactants, derived from microorganisms, are emerging as powerful and eco-friendly alternatives to synthetic surfactants, offering viable pathway for effective environmental management. This review highlights the remarkable versatility of biosurfactants in combating pollution challenges, including soil waste water detoxification, oil spill recovery, and heavy metal sequestration. Their efficacy stems from unique properties such as high biodegradability, low toxicity, ability to enhance the bioavailability and biodegradation of hydrophobic pollutants through emulsification and micelle formation. Furthermore, we explore their promising antimicrobial and anti-biofilm properties, which open new frontiers in biomedical and environmental applications. Despite their immense potential, widespread adoption is hindered by challenges such as high production costs, yield inconsistency, and scalability issues. Overcoming these barriers necessitates advancements in microbial fermentation technologies and the strategic use of cost-effective feedstocks, like agricultural waste. This review concludes that biosurfactants hold transformative promise for pioneering a new era of sustainable remediation. Future efforts must focus on optimizing production processes to unlock their full potential for large-scale industrial and environmental applications, paving the way for a cleaner and more sustainable future.
Health economics is crucial for optimizing resource allocation and achieving equitable health outcomes in Africa. This study reviewed the historical evolution and current state of health economics in Africa, focusing on healthcare financing mechanisms, resource allocation strategies, and policy interventions. Data from peer-reviewed articles, research reports, and grey literature were synthesized from databases like PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and African Journals Online (AJOL). While healthcare financing dominated the literature, this review also covers resource allocation and broader health economics, highlighting key gaps in African research. Findings highlight significant challenges such as low public expenditure, high out-of-pocket costs, and inadequate insurance coverage. Out-of-pocket payments constitute over 40
