Geetanjali Medical College is a private medical college located in the city of Udaipur, Rajasthan.The college is attached to the Geetanjali Hospital which is a 1150 bedded tertiary care hospital . The batches up to 2011 are affiliated to the Rajasthan University of Health Sciences which conducts the examinations.
To evaluate the performance and reference reliability of three large language models in neurology using a national board examination framework. A total of 803 validated multiple-choice questions from Turkish National Neurology Board Examinations (2015–2024) were administered to ChatGPT Plus, Gemini Advanced, and Microsoft Copilot Pro using a standardized prompt requiring an answer and a supporting reference. Model performance was compared with overall examinee performance and analyzed by neurological subspecialty, question type, and presence of visual content. References provided for incorrectly answered questions were independently evaluated by three board certified neurologists. Mean accuracy rates were 87
Background:Parental opioid dependence has been associated with increased behavioural and emotional difficulties in children, including internalizing and externalizing problems. Despite the high prevalence of opioid use in our region, research on its impact on children of fathers with opioid dependence remains scarce. This study aimed to assess temperament and behavioural problems among children of fathers with opioid dependence. Methodology:In this observational case-control study, 30 children of fathers with opioid dependence were compared with 30 age and gender matched controls. Information was collected from mothers. Mothers were screened for psychopathology using the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ), and children's behavioural and temperamental characteristics were assessed using the Child Behaviour Checklist (CBCL) and Malhotra's Temperament Schedule (MTS). Results:No significant differences were observed between groups regarding age and gender. Children of opioid-dependent fathers exhibited significantly higher CBCL scores across internalizing domains (Anxious/Depressed: p=0.021; Withdrawn/Depressed: p=0.043; Somatic Complaints: p=0.004) and externalizing domains (Aggressive: p=0.001; Rule-Breaking: p=0.003). Significant temperament differences were observed, with lower sociability (p<0.001), higher emotionality (p<0.001), and greater distractibility (p=0.001) in these children in comparison to controls, while energy and rhythmicity did not differ significantly. Conclusion:Based on our findings, early identification and clinical screening are recommended to detect these behavioural and temperamental problems in childhood, as they may otherwise increase the risk of substance use and psychiatric disorders later in life. Family-centered interventions, along with supportive policy measures, can help prevent long-term adverse mental health outcomes in this vulnerable population.
Hearing loss affects over 430 million people globally, significantly impacting adults’ social, emotional, and cognitive well-being. While pediatric cochlear implantation (CI) is widely adopted, adult CI remains underutilized in countries like India. This study assesses quality-of-life outcomes in adult post-lingual CI users, focusing on psychosocial and functional improvements. A multicentric retrospective study involving 81 adult CI users across four tertiary centers was conducted. The Nijmegen Cochlear Implant Questionnaire-Hindi (NCIQ-H) was used pre-implantation and at 3- and 6-months post-implantation to evaluate changes across social, psychological, and functional domains. Significant improvements were observed in formal communication, reduced anxiety, daily task management, and group interaction. Persistent difficulties were noted in phone use, music enjoyment, and initiating social engagement. Adult cochlear implantation enhances psychosocial functioning and independence. However, continued challenges underscore the need for structured rehabilitation and targeted auditory training to maximize long-term benefits.
Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains one of the most devastating gastrointestinal emergencies affecting preterm neonates. Early identification of disease severity is vital to guide clinical decisions regarding medical versus surgical management. This study investigated the role of inflammatory and biochemical markers in predicting NEC severity according to modified Bell's staging criteria. Objectives: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of serum inflammatory markers including C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), and tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα), and biochemical parameters including serum albumin, lactate, creatinine, and haematological indices in predicting NEC severity in preterm neonates. Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) over 24 months. One hundred preterm neonates (gestational age <34 weeks) diagnosed with NEC were enrolled. Participants were grouped according to modified Bell's staging: Stage I (n=32), Stage II (n=41), and Stage III (n=27). Serum samples for inflammatory and biochemical markers were collected within 24 hours of clinical diagnosis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was performed to assess predictive accuracy. Results: All inflammatory and biochemical markers showed a statistically significant progressive rise across NEC stages (p<0.001). IL-6 demonstrated the highest discriminatory power for severe NEC (Stage III vs I+II) with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94, sensitivity of 91.3%, and specificity of 88.7% at a cut-off of >218.4 pg/mL. CRP (AUC 0.91), PCT (AUC 0.89), and IL-8 (AUC 0.92) also performed well as individual markers. A combined model using IL-6, CRP, PCT, and serum lactate achieved an AUC of 0.97 with sensitivity of 94.8% and specificity of 93.1%. Platelet count declined significantly with increasing NEC stage, while serum lactate, creatinine, and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio showed a parallel rise. Conclusion: Inflammatory markers, particularly IL-6 and IL-8, together with serum lactate and platelet count, are reliable predictors of NEC severity in preterm neonates. A multi-marker combined model offers superior predictive accuracy over individual markers alone. Routine serial monitoring of these biomarkers can enable timely risk stratification and optimise clinical management of NEC in neonatal intensive care settings.
