This review focuses on progress and advances in the preparation of anti-corrosion coatings using organic inhibitors. It looks at examples of biodegradable polymers, plant extracts, and synthetic organic compounds, revealing interesting results and offering new perspectives on their potential applications. The review provides both experimental and theoretical evidence of the high corrosion inhibitory properties of carbon steels and alloys in acidic and saline environments. Chitosan derivatives with chemical modifications, such as Schiff bases and nanocomposites, can achieve significant efficiencies in producing stable protective coatings through physical and chemical adsorption. The environmentally friendly approach of using flavonoids, phenols and alkaloids from plant or agricultural residue extracts to achieve up to significant values inhibition is also introduced. Furthermore, the review discusses synthetic organic compounds and ionic liquids acting as mixed inhibitors, with detailed adsorption mechanisms reported by quantum chemistry analysis and molecular simulations. Finally, the addition of inhibitors and additives, provides synergistic corrosion protection. Organic inhibitors offer a sustainable and effective means of protecting metals in aggressive environments.
Estaba la pájara pinta sentada en el verde limón (1975), de Albalucía Ángel, ha sido insistentemente leída bajo la perspectiva de género y/o el tópico de la violencia, en detrimento de su forma, verbigracia el estilo, acaso de-bido a su complejidad. Desde la semiótica y la estilística, correlacionamos hechos estilísticos y axiologías para ilustrar la construcción del personaje Ana entre las rupturas que padece. Dicha identidad es concebida desde el marco de la semiótica de las prácticas y de las formas de vida a través de un estudio pasional en el que se ilustran las afectaciones del cuerpo. Los resultados ilustran el modo en que el cuerpo funciona como primer anclaje de la identidad y como espacio en el que se inscriben fuerzas so-ciales y culturales que configuran el carácter.
Peri-urban settlements are characterized by inadequate wastewater management. Decentralized wastewater management systems are promising alternatives for reducing pollution from untreated sewage entering receiving water bodies, but the social, economic, and environmental conditions in peri-urban settlements require careful technology selection to ensure sustainability. Several domestic wastewater technology selection tools exist; however, these are typically designed for either urban or rural contexts. For this reason, this work proposes a decentralized wastewater technology selection tool for the context of peri-urban settlements that includes participation of local stakeholders in decision-making. The tool includes a technical component with three stages that involve multicriteria methods based on the Analytical Hierarchy Process and Montecarlo simulation to reduce uncertainty: i) decision according to context (settlement population, settlement typology, energy availability); ii) superior decision levels (nine sub-criteria from technical, environmental and economic dimensions); iii) technical and economic feasibility (dimensioning; cost of investment, operation and maintenance; availability to pay). The tool proposes a social strategy throughout the entire process to ensure stakeholder participation, aiming to strengthen capacities and knowledge co-production for informed technology selection. The tool was validated in a peri-urban settlement of Bucaramanga (Colombia), showing robustness and soundness. This innovative approach contributes to the search for sustainable solutions by facilitating the use of systematic tools by technicians and professionals in these contexts. A multi-criteria tool for the participatory selection of wastewater treatment technologies for settlements was developed. The tool included technical, environmental, social, and economic pre-feasibility variables under uncertain scenarios. Validation of the tool in a case study confirmed its robustness and relevance for use in developing countries.
