Jamia Hamdard

The proliferation of recommender systems (RS) research has attracted researchers to explore new tools and techniques to address several issues in the domain. In this context, text mining has received considerable acceptance for solving cold start and data sparsity problems in recommender systems. Additionally, text mining has been exploited to design modern recommender systems through sentiment analysis of user reviews, social network posts, web data, etc. These sentiment identifications help create user profiles, identify preferences, understand the context in which a review is provided, and extract features to assess item quality, facilitating better recommendations. This paper presents a comprehensive and systematic review of text mining-based recommender systems (TMRS). We analyze how text mining techniques have been integrated into different RS paradigms and propose a novel taxonomy that classifies TMRS based on underlying text mining approaches and recommendation approaches. In addition, we examine commonly used evaluation metrics and discuss how they are applied to assess TMRS performance. Key research challenges and open issues are identified, along with promising future research directions. This review provides a structured overview of the state of the art in TMRS and serves as a useful reference for researchers and practitioners seeking to design, evaluate, and advance next-generation recommender systems.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), are two prominent neurological disorders. Both present a large number of clinical and socio-economic issues, but they are increasingly seen as having common pathways through which they cause disease. For both TBI and AD, oxidative stress and neuro-inflammatory responses lead to neuronal damages, impairment in synaptic function, and continued neuro-degeneration. After TBI, excessive production of oxygen and nitrogen free radicals damages mitochondrial function, while also activating microglial and astroglial cells chronically to cause inflammation. In patients with AD, continued oxidative damage leads to an accumulation of amyloid‑β protein and also leads to an increase in tau phosphorylation. There is an increasing body of literature demonstrating that the pathways by which TBI and AD occur may functionally connect short-term brain injuries to long-term neuro-degenerative processes. This article reviews the available data related to what currently drives the neuronal damage associated with TBI and AD through oxidative stress and inflammation and the available and generating treatment options—particularly antioxidants, anti-inflammatory agents, compounds protecting mitochondria, nanoparticles designed to deliver drugs, and phytochemicals with multi-targeted activity. The focus of this paper is on the scientific data supporting both the mechanistic pathways underlying the damage and the pharmacological/biological therapies that might treat the damage from a single point of view. The innovative aspect of this article lies in its demonstration of the relationship between oxidative stress and inflammation and its impact on the continuum of neuronal disease causing TBI leading to AD, and the potential of multi-targeted therapies to modify the ongoing disease processes.

Chronic neck pain (CNP) is a common musculoskeletal condition that markedly compromises functional capacity and overall quality of life. Precise and consistent evaluation of cervical muscle strength is critical for accurate diagnosis, effective monitoring, and the formulation of targeted rehabilitation strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the intra-rater reliability, Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), and Smallest detectable difference (SDD) of the MicroFET2 handheld dynamometer (HHD) in assessing cervical muscle strength among individuals with CNP having sensorimotor deficits. Ninety-one individuals (adults aged 18–60 years; 36 males and 55 females) with clinically diagnosed CNP having sensorimotor deficit were assessed using the MicroFET2 device in a test–retest design, in two sessions spaced three days apart. Cervical strength was measured in six directions: flexion, extension, right lateral flexion, left lateral flexion, right rotation, and left rotation. Reliability metrics included the Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), SEM, and SDD. Agreement between sessions was visualized using Bland–Altman plots. The MicroFET2 device exhibited good to excellent intra-rater reliability, with ICCs ranging from 0.71 to 0.98. While most movements demonstrated excellent reliability (ICC ≥ 0.90), flexion showed comparatively lower reliability (ICC = 0.71), though still within acceptable limits. The SEM ranged between 0.60 and 2.45 N, while the corresponding SDDs ranged from 1.66 to 6.79 N. Bland–Altman analysis revealed narrow limits of agreement, indicating a high degree of measurement consistency across repeated assessments. The MicroFET2 HHD demonstrates good to excellent intra-rater reliability for assessing cervical muscle strength in patients with CNP. Its practicality, affordability, and accuracy support its integration into clinical and research protocols.

Aims This study evaluated the impact of gamma irradiation (0-10 kGy) on the physicochemical, functional, antioxidant, microbiological, and structural properties of pearl millet flour, with an emphasis on quality improvement. Methods Pearl millet flour was exposed to 0, 0.5, 1, 2.5, 5, or 10 kGy doses. The physicochemical properties (pH, color, reducing sugars, and peroxide value), functional properties (water and oil absorption and foaming capacity), antioxidant indices (total phenolic content, % DPPH inhibition, and FRAP), and microbiological load were assessed. Results Irradiation decreased the pH from 6.11 (control) to 5.75 (10 kGy) and reduced the lightness (L*) from 68.3 to 67.8. The reducing sugars increased from 0.41% to 0.47% during storage, and the peroxide values increased from 6.92 to 11.71 meq/kg lipid (petroleum ether extract). The microbial counts decreased sharply: TBC (6.87 log CFU/mL) and TYMC (5.16 log CFU/mL) were reduced > 50% at 5 kGy and nearly eliminated at 10 kGy. The functional properties improved, with the water absorption capacity increasing from 1.31 to 1.72 g/g and the oil absorption capacity increasing from 1.12 to 1.74 g/g, although the foaming capacity decreased. The antioxidant activity increased markedly: the total phenolic content peaked at 206.48 mg GAE/100 g (5 kGy), the % DPPH inhibition doubled (10.85%-21.15%), and the FRAP values rose from 0.23 to 0.87 mmol AAE/100 g. FTIR confirmed irradiation-induced structural shifts in the hydroxyl, carbonyl, and protein-associated bands. Conclusions Gamma irradiation significantly (p < .05) enhanced the functional, antioxidant, and microbiological qualities of pearl millet flour. These improvements highlight irradiation as a promising nonthermal technology to increase flour stability, safety, and usability in cereal-based food systems.

Abstract Background Basketball is one of the most popular sports. In basketball, the energy demand from several combinations of aerobic and anaerobic sports in which athletes need physical fitness, explosive power, agility, balance, and strength. The present study aimed to compare the effect of dry cupping therapy in addition to exercise on the outcome of dynamic balance, agility and vertical jump on calf muscle in basketball players. Materials and methods The study design is a Parallel arm randomized trial by lottery method. 30 basketball players are recruited for the study. The participants are divided into two groups; each group will have 15 participants. Group A: Experimental Group (15 players) and Group B: Control Group (15 players). The experimental group received dynamic cupping therapy with exercise whereas the control group received conventional treatment alone exercise for (3 days/week). Outcome variables such as dynamic balance, power and agility were evaluated at baseline and after 4 weeks of study duration. Results Analysis was performed for quantitative variables, with calculation of mean, and standard deviation. The finding suggested there are a significant improvement in the parameter of vertical jump and a slight improvement in balance in both groups. Conclusion It’s observed that dry cupping therapy may be considered as an adjunct treatment in releasing muscle tightness and improving athletic performance in basketball players.