Kaziranga University (KU), officially established as The Assam Kaziranga University, is a Private university located at Koraikhowa, on the outskirts of city Jorhat in Assam, India. It was established in 2012 through The Assam Kaziranga University Act, 2012 created under Assam Private Universities Act 2007.
Single-step kinetic modelling is commonly used for studying pyrolysis kinetics, but this approach is insufficient to describe the complexities of biomass degradation. This study aims to utilize advanced multicomponent kinetic modelling - combining thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) with Fraser-Suzuki deconvolution at dynamic heating rates (5, 10, and 20 K min- 1) to precisely predict and analyze the independent decomposition behavior of organic-fraction of municipal solid waste (OFMSW). Five discrete pseudo-components contributing to the complex reactions were mathematically separated from the overlapping TGA and derivative thermogravimetric (DTG) curves revealing distinct kinetic triplets, and governing mechanisms. Values of frequency factor and mean activation energy determined using kinetic compensation effect and model free-isoconversional method (Friedman) respectively were found to be 7.63 x 1011 min- 1 and 122.92kJ mol-1, 6.9 x 1013 min- 1 and 141.36kJ mol-1, 5.35 x 1016 min- 1 and 207.65kJ mol-1, 4.14 x 1013 min- 1 and 188.58kJ mol-1, 3.49 x 1019 min- 1 and 270.58kJ mol- 1 and were found to be similar to the values calculated by Sestak-Berggren combined kinetic (CK) model for pseudo-hemicellulose (P-Hem), pseudo-cellulose (P-Cel), pseudo-lignin (P-Lig), pseudofraction 4 (P-F4), and pseudo-fraction 5 (P-F5) respectively. Thermodynamic assessment demonstrated the process is endothermic and non-spontaneous, identifying disorder profiles for each fraction. This approach enhances the mechanistic understanding of complex waste pyrolysis and demonstrates clear potential for waste-tobioenergy conversion, underlying the role of OFMSW in circular economy framework.
Climate change and global targets to achieve net-zero carbon goals need efficient energy storage systems that are capable of powering green mobility and have the capacity to mitigate the irregular supply of renewable sources. Among the various available technologies, energy storage devices such as batteries, supercapacitors, etc., provide a sustainable solution. However, these devices currently lack the required performance to meet the growing demands, particularly in terms of power and energy densities, fast charging capabilities, longer cycle life, etc. Their electrochemical performance is mainly determined by how many electrolyte ions are stored within the electrodes without the crowding effect. The shape and size of electrolyte ions, along with electrode pore connectivity, are two major factors that significantly affect charge storage capabilities. Determining these relations using traditional experimental methods is time-consuming, expensive, complex, and ineffective. Hence, this study uses molecular dynamics simulation integrated with density functional theory calculations to gain insights into how ion shape and size affect the charge storage mechanism. Further, the significance of electrode pore interconnectivity in governing charge storage is also explored in this work. The study employed a microporous carbon electrode with a pore size distribution ranging from similar to 0.3 to 1.0 nm. Results indicate that [EMIM](+) (similar to 0.76 & times; 0.43 nm) with [Cl](-) (similar to 0.18 nm) is significantly smaller than [C(4)C(1)Pyrr](+) (similar to 1.10 & times; 0.60 nm) and [TFSI](-) (similar to 0.79 & times; 0.29 nm). Further, the ionic size of [EMIM](+)/[Cl](-) fall within the pore size distribution and was thus diffuse more readily and yield higher in-pore ion counts and charge storage. Bulkier ions like [C(4)C(1)Pyrr](+) and [TFSI](-) systems were found to be locally concentrated near the initial sections of the electrode, partly due to their large size and/or due to their shape. Density functional theory studies also support the results obtained from molecular dynamics simulations and confirm that smaller ions whose size falls within the electrode pore size distribution contribute to double-layer formation and thereby aid in improving the charge storage of energy storage devices.
English has become an indispensable tool for academic and professional communication, particularly in management education where graduates are expected to demonstrate effective written and oral communication skills. Recognizing the growing importance of workplace communication, management institutions have incorporated English communication courses into their curricula. This study examines how English communication is conceptualized and delivered in MBA programs across selected public and private institutes in Assam. The study aims to explore how English communication is introduced and framed in MBA programs. It examines the objectives, content, and teaching methods outlined in business communication syllabi and assess the alignment between course contents and real-world managerial communication needs. The study also aims to identify shared trends, strengths, and curricular gaps to strengthen future course design. A qualitative comparative syllabus analysis was undertaken using MBA curricula and course documents collected from selected institutions. The analysis was guided by the principles of English for Specific Purposes (ESP) and needs analysis frameworks proposed by Hutchinson and Waters (1987) and Dudley-Evans (1998). Course objectives, content areas, pedagogical approaches, and assessment strategies were systematically examined to fulfil the objectives. The findings indicate that while communication courses are widely included in MBA curricula, considerable variation exists in their scope and orientation. Most courses emphasize oral communication and presentation skills, whereas workplace writing tasks receive relatively less attention. The study concludes that greater alignment with industry communication practices is needed through needs-based and practice-oriented curriculum design.
The study investigates the level of social intelligence and social adjustment among entry-level college students in Jorhat District, Assam, India. The study adopted a descriptive survey method for collection of quantitative data from a proportionate stratified random sample of 404 first-semester students across 16 degree colleges. Data were gathered using the Tromso Social Intelligence Scale and the Social Adjustment Inventory. Results showed that the majority of students demonstrated an average level of social intelligence. Social adjustment levels were comparatively weaker, with a significant number of students falling in the lower to average categories. No significant gender differences were observed for social intelligence or social adjustment. The findings highlight the need for targeted interventions at the college level to strengthen both constructs, especially considering the transitional challenges faced by entry-level students.
Tryptanthrin (indolo[2,1-b]quinazoline-6,12-dione) is a privileged scaffold distinguished by its rigid tetracyclic framework and exceptional pharmacological breadth. This review critically analyzes advancements in the chemistry and biology of tryptanthrin, prioritizing post-2020 literature. We elucidate its natural occurrence and innovative synthetic strategies, spanning from classical condensation to sustainable photochemical and electrochemical methods. The review examines the therapeutic landscape of tryptanthrin chemotypes, highlighting anticancer efficacy via kinase and topoisomerase modulation. Furthermore, we explore emerging utility against multidrug-resistant bacteria, SARS-CoV-2, and neurodegenerative conditions. By integrating structure-activity relationship data with mechanistic insights, this work underscores tryptanthrin as a versatile pharmacophore for the rational design of next-generation therapeutics.
