Khaja Bandanawaz University (KBNU), named after Sufi saint Bande Nawaz, is a private university located at Kalaburagi, Karnataka, India. It was officially established in 2018 by the Khaja Bandanawaz Educational Society under the Khaja Bandanawaz University Act, 2018, following the approval of the Bill in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly in February 2018. The university hosts about twenty colleges, including colleges previously under Khaja Bandanawaz Educational Society such as Khaja Banda Nawaz College of Engineering, Khaja Banda Nawaz Institute of Medical Sciences and a newly formed law college. The founding chancellor is Syed Shah Khusro Hussaini, president of the Khaja Bandanawaz Educational Society, and the vice-chancellor (VC) is to be Abdul Jaleel Khan M. Pathan (A. M. Pathan), formerly VC of Central University of Karnataka.
The incorporation of naturally derived bioactive compounds (BAC) into biodegradable polymer matrices presents a promising and sustainable approach to enhancing the performance of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for next-generation self-powered electronic devices. In this study, poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) was added with bioactive constituents extracted from turmeric (Curcuma longa - CL), garlic (Allium sativum - AS), and ginger (Zingiber officinale - ZO) through a solution casting technique to fabricate BAC@PVA composites. These plant-based additives, rich in functional groups and phytochemicals, significantly improved the triboelectric properties by enhancing surface roughness, dielectric behavior, and interfacial charge transfer. The structural, morphological, elemental, and chemical characteristics of the composites are thoroughly examined using XRD, SEM, EDS, and FTIR analyses. TENG devices are fabricated using the BAC@PVA composites as tribopositive layers and PVDF as the tribonegative counterpart. Among the fabricated devices, the CL@PVA-TENG demonstrated superior electrical output, achieving a peak voltage of 302 V and current of 62 μA, marking a notable improvement over pristine PVA-based TENGs. The harvested energy successfully powers capacitors and 57 blue LEDs, demonstrating practical viability. Additionally, the device functions as a self-powered sensor, capable of detecting a wide range of gestures and human interactions with high sensitivity and reliability. These multifunctional capabilities enable practical applications in wearable healthcare monitoring, interactive electronics, and smart human-machine interfaces, where precise detection of motion and touch provides real-time, user-centered benefits. Overall, this study demonstrates that reinforcing PVA with bioactive compounds offers an eco-friendly and efficient strategy for developing sustainable energy-harvesting and self-powered sensing devices.
Aim: The restoration of intestinal continuity after colostomy closure is a critical step and postoperative recovery is influenced by nutritional strategies. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of early versus conventional feeding in children undergoing sigmoid colostomy closure on postoperative recovery parameters. Materials and Methods: A prospective randomized observational study was carried out at a tertiary care hospital between January 2022 and October 2025. Fifty children (<16 years) undergoing stoma closure were randomized into two groups: Group A (early feeding within 48 hours postoperatively) and Group B (conventional feeding after return of bowel function or on postoperative day 5). Demographic data, perioperative parameters, and postoperative outcomes including time to initiation of feeding, time to full feeds, bowel function recovery, complications, and hospital stay were analyzed using SPSS v24.0. Results: Of the 50 patients (39 males, 11 females; mean age 1.1 years), 25 were allocated to each group. Feeding was initiated significantly earlier in Group A (mean 18.7 hours) compared with Group B (52.6 hours; p<0.001). Time to achieve full feeds was shorter in Group A (median 42.5 hours) versus Group B (72.5 hours; p<0.001). First bowel movement occurred earlier in Group A (mean 4.1 days) than Group B (5.9 days; p<0.01). Median hospital stay was reduced in Group A (4.5 days) compared with Group B (6 days; p<0.01). No anastomotic leaks or wound dehiscence were observed. Minor complications included transient vomiting and urinary tract infections, with no significant differences between the groups. Conclusion: Early enteral feeding after stoma closure in children with high anorectal malformation is safe, well tolerated, and associated with faster recovery and shorter hospital stays compared with conventional feeding.
The waste-to-sustainable energy concept offers a sustainable pathway for converting waste materials into usable green energy. It is a highly efficient technology that uses a variety of waste materials to convert chaotic environmental energy into green electricity that can be used in a variety of applications. This study explores the potential of biorecyclable materials as triboactive composites integrated into triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) for efficient energy conversion. By utilizing biodegradable polymer and biocompatible natural fillers (NFs) such as Aloe barbadensis (AB), Sapindus Mukorossi (SM), Elettaria cardamomum (EC), Jatropha curcas (JC), Glycine max (GM), and Tamarindus indica (TI), husk powder is incorporated into the PVA polymer matrix. The prepared composites exhibit enhanced triboelectric performance while minimizing the environmental impact. The morphological, elemental, and chemical interactions of NF@PVA composites are studied using various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques. The obtained NF@PVA composites were employed as an electroactive layer for the fabrication of a TENG. The electrical characterizations and stability are evaluated for the as-fabricated NF@PVA TENGs. Interestingly, the TI@PVA-TENG exhibited maximum output performance, approximately 12 times higher voltage, and 24 times higher current compared to the pristine PVA-TENG. Furthermore, the TI@PVA TENGs demonstrate practical applications, such as charging commercially available capacitors and powering 60 LEDs. Additionally, TI@PVA-TENG is utilized as a chemical sensor to detect chemical gases such as NO x and CO2. Thus, the present work paves the way for advancing green energy technologies and ecoconscious sensor systems.
The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of face masks as an effective non-pharmaceutical intervention for reducing the transmission of infectious diseases. Monitoring mask compliance in public environments such as hospitals, educational institutions, transportation hubs, and workplaces remains a challenging task when performed manually. Recent advances in computer vision and deep learning have enabled the development of automated face mask detection systems capable of operating in real time. This paper presents a comparative study of three deep learning architectures, namely a Custom Convolutional Neural Network (CNN), VGG16, and MobileNetV2, for face mask detection. The study employs a publicly available dataset containing 12,000 facial images categorized into mask and no-mask classes. Data preprocessing techniques including resizing, normalization, and augmentation were applied to improve model generalization. Experimental results demonstrate that MobileNetV2 outperforms the other architectures, achieving an accuracy of 98.7%, precision of 98.4%, recall of 99.0%, and an AUC-ROC score of 0.99 while maintaining real-time performance. The proposed system was further integrated with OpenCV for live video stream analysis. The findings indicate that lightweight transfer learning models offer an effective and practical solution for real-time face mask detection in resource-constrained environments.
Introduction Hirschsprung’s disease (HD) is a congenital disorder characterized by aganglionosis of the distal bowel. The transanal endorectal pull‑through (TERPT) using the de la Torre modification has emerged as a widely accepted single‑stage technique for short‑segment HD. This study’s aim was to use the standardized scoring systems, Rintala’s bowel function score (RBS) and Krickenbeck consensus classification (KCC), to determine the functional outcomes, quality of life and highlight factors influencing outcomes following TERPT in pediatric HD. Material and methods This cross-sectional study was conducted at a single tertiary care center from January 2022 to December 2025. Fifty consecutive children with “rectosigmoid” (short-segment) HD with histologically confirmed HD who underwent TERPT were included. Functional outcomes were assessed ≥ 1 year postoperatively or at the toilet‑training age using RBS and KCC. Secondary outcomes included postoperative complications, reoperations, and parental‑reported quality of life. Results The study includes 39 males (78%) and 11 females (22%), with a mean age at surgery of 6.3 ±2.5 months. At a mean follow‑up of 5.1 ±1.8 years, the mean RBS was 17.1 ±2.9, with 80% achieving good‑to‑excellent bowel function. According to KCC, 70% had complete continence, while 12% experienced severe soiling and 12% severe constipation. Early complications occurred in 18%, mainly perianal excoriation and Hirschsprung-associated enterocolitis (HAEC). Long‑term complications included HAEC (20%), anastomotic stricture (10%), and cuff abscess (2%). Constipation correlated with stricture (OR 10.5, p = 0.04), and soiling with prior HAEC (p < 0.05). Conclusions Transanal endorectal pull‑through using the de la Torre modification provides favorable long‑term functional outcomes and quality of life in rectosigmoid HD. Despite a minority experiencing constipation or soiling, most children achieve socially acceptable continence, underscoring the importance of ongoing bowel management protocols.
