The Meenakshi Academy of Higher Education and Research (MAHER), commonly referred to as Meenakshi University, is a private deemed-to-be-university for mainly medical science in Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Traditional anthropometric measures such as body mass index (BMI) have limitations in accurately assessing cardiometabolic risk and body fat distribution. Consequently, advanced anthropometric indices have emerged as more specific tools for assessing metabolic health and predicting cardiovascular complications. To assess the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in the study population and evaluate its relationships with advanced anthropometric indices and selected cardiometabolic marker. The study comprised of 2354 participants from the tertiary care setting and screened for metabolic syndrome using IDF and revised NCEP ATP III criteria. The demographic, anthropometric and biochemical data were recorded. BMI and advanced anthropometric indices and cardiometabolic marker, viz., body roundness index (BRI), conicity index (CI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), relative fat mass (RFM) and triglyceride-glucose index (TyG index), were computed. Advanced anthropometric indices and cardiometabolic marker showed significant associations with age, gender, BMI and BMI classification stages (p < 0.000). The prevalence of MetS was 40.2
This research aims to explore the mechanical and microstructural properties of AZ91 magnesium alloy, which is reinforced with ZrC nanoparticles and produced through stir casting enhanced by ultrasonic assistance. The material’s inherent limitations in overall mechanical performance and toughness under harsh conditions are meant to be solved by the addition of ZrC nanoparticles. Tensile strength, hardness, and varied ZrC concentrations (1.5
Abstract Objective Infertility is an increasing global concern, with Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) playing a crucial role in improving reproductive outcomes. Emerging evidence highlights the significance of the tumor suppressor protein p53 in fertility, implantation, and ART success. Prolactin, a key reproductive hormone, also plays a critical role in fertility, with its imbalance contributing to menstrual irregularities, ovulatory dysfunction, and impaired spermatogenesis. Although p53 and prolactin have individually been associated with reproductive outcomes, their combined clinical relevance in ART failure remains inadequately characterized. The potential interaction between p53 expression and prolactin levels may reflect hormonal dysregulation associated with ART outcomes rather than a direct causal mechanism. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the associative relationship between p53 and prolactin to identify potential predictive biomarkers for ART success or failure. Methodology This case-control study included 600 adults from hospitals across Kerala, with 300 infertility cases who underwent ART treatment and 300 fertile controls matched by age. Blood samples were collected for hormonal and genetic analysis, including prolactin measurement via ELISA and p53 gene expression assessment using Real-Time PCR. Statistical analysis, including t-tests and ROC curve analysis, were conducted using Stata 17.0 and RStudio, with a significance threshold of p < 0.05. Ethics approval was obtained, and all participants provided informed consent. Result Comparative analysis revealed significantly elevated prolactin levels and p53 gene expression in cases (p < 0.001), with prolactin showing a more substantial effect in females. ROC analysis confirmed prolactin as a strong discriminatory marker of infertility, achieving an AUC of 0.828 in males and 0.918 in females. Scatter plot analysis demonstrated a positive but weak association between prolactin levels and p53 expression, with considerable inter-individual variability and no evidence of causality. Conclusion This study demonstrates that elevated prolactin and increased p53 expression are significantly associated with ART failure, with prolactin emerging as a strong predictive biomarker, particularly in females. Given the observational nature of the study, causality cannot be inferred, and the findings should be interpreted as hypothesis-generating. Although causality cannot be inferred from expression-based analyses alone, these findings highlight a clinically relevant hormonal–molecular signature that warrants further functional investigation.
Thyroid hormones influence cardiovascular homeostasis through effects on metabolism, vascular tone, and inflammatory signaling. Growing evidence suggests that thyroid hormone dysregulation contributes to coronary artery disease (CAD), yet the combined role of thyroid dysfunction and inflammatory biomarkers such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) remains inadequately characterized, particularly in the Indian population. This case–control study included 70 angiographically confirmed CAD patients and 70 age-matched healthy controls aged 18–50 years. Serum triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), and TNF-α levels were measured using standardized immunoassays. Statistical analysis included independent t-test, chi-square test, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, and multivariate binary logistic regression. CAD patients showed significantly lower T3 and T4 levels and markedly higher TSH levels compared with controls (p < 0.001). TNF-α levels were significantly elevated in CAD cases (p < 0.001). ROC analysis demonstrated good diagnostic accuracy for TNF-α (AUC = 0.841) and TSH (AUC = 0.748). Multivariate analysis showed that elevated TSH and TNF-α were significantly associated with CAD after adjustment for selected variables. Thyroid hormone dysregulation and elevated TNF-α are significantly associated with coronary artery disease. These findings highlight a potential link between endocrine and inflammatory pathways in CAD; however, further prospective studies are required to establish clinical applicability.
