The Ministry of National Education (Spanish: Ministerio de Educación Nacional) is the national executive ministry of the Government of Colombia responsible for overseeing the instruction and education of the Colombian people, similar to education ministries in other countries..
Background: Burnout is a relevant occupational health concern in Emergency Medical Services (EMSs), with potential implications for workforce well-being, occupational health, and the sustainability of prehospital care. Although burnout has been widely studied among healthcare professionals, evidence concerning Emergency Medical Technician (EMT) students remains limited. This exploratory study aimed to estimate high burnout prevalence among EMT students and practising EMT professionals in Madrid, Spain, describe burnout dimensions in both groups, and examine sociodemographic correlates of high burnout status. Methods: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted between March and June 2024 using a convenience sample of 85 participants: 43 EMT students and 42 practising EMT professionals. Burnout was assessed using validated Spanish versions of the Maslach Burnout Inventory: the MBI-SS for students and the MBI-HSS for professionals. Because these instruments are population-specific and rely on different norms and thresholds, between-group comparisons of raw scores were interpreted as exploratory. Descriptive analyses, between-group comparisons with effect sizes, correlation analyses, and an exploratory binary logistic regression model were performed. Results: High burnout was identified in 22 EMT students (51.2%) and 23 practising EMT professionals (54.8%), with no statistically significant between-group difference detected (p = 0.73; Cramer's V = 0.04). Between-group comparisons of burnout dimensions showed small effect sizes for Emotional Exhaustion (Cohen's d = 0.17), Depersonalisation (Cohen's d = 0.24), and Personal Accomplishment (Cohen's d = -0.26). Age was positively associated with Emotional Exhaustion (r = 0.29, p = 0.008) and Depersonalisation (r = 0.24, p = 0.028), and negatively associated with Personal Accomplishment (r = -0.26, p = 0.019). In the exploratory adjusted logistic regression model, age was associated with high burnout status (OR = 1.05; 95% CI 1.01-1.10; p = 0.017), whereas group and sex were not significant correlates. Conclusions: High burnout levels were observed in both EMT students and practising EMT professionals in this regional exploratory sample. However, the findings should be interpreted cautiously due to the cross-sectional design, convenience sampling, modest sample size, limited statistical power, and use of population-specific burnout instruments. These results suggest that burnout-related distress may be relevant across the EMT training-to-practice pathway and support the need for larger longitudinal and multicentre studies incorporating occupational, educational, and organisational variables.
Background/Objectives: Loneliness is a relevant social determinant of health in older age and has been associated with adverse physical, psychological and social outcomes. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of severe loneliness and to identify its epidemiological and clinical correlates among community-dwelling older adults at risk of falls in Andalusia, Spain. Methods: A cross-sectional analytical study was conducted with 237 adults aged 65 years and older living in private households. Loneliness was assessed using the 10-item version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale, which showed excellent internal consistency in this sample (Cronbach's alpha = 0.900). After reviewing the scoring direction of the instrument, severe loneliness was operationally defined using the corrected UCLA total score, with higher scores indicating greater loneliness. Sociodemographic and clinical variables included age, sex, living arrangements, economic level, family relationships, pain, sleep quality, depression history, physical exercise, outings from home, polymedication and analgesic use. Bivariate analyses were performed to compare participants with and without severe loneliness, and logistic regression was used to examine independent correlates of severe loneliness. Results: Severe loneliness was identified in 51 participants, corresponding to 21.5% of the analytical sample. The corrected UCLA-10 loneliness burden score ranged from 0 to 30, with higher scores indicating greater loneliness. Participants with severe loneliness were more likely to report poorer sleep quality and severe pain. In the adjusted logistic regression model including age, sex, sleep quality and severe pain, better sleep quality was associated with lower odds of severe loneliness (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.30-0.72, p = 0.001), while severe pain was associated with higher odds of severe loneliness (OR = 3.15, 95% CI: 1.56-6.35, p = 0.001). Age (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 0.99-1.07, p = 0.184) and female sex (OR = 2.00, 95% CI: 0.83-4.81, p = 0.124) were not statistically significant in the fully adjusted model. Conclusions: Severe loneliness affected a clinically relevant proportion of community-dwelling older adults at risk of falls in Andalusia. The findings should be interpreted as cross-sectional associations and not as evidence of causal pathways. Sleep quality and severe pain emerged as the main independent clinical correlates of severe loneliness in the adjusted model, supporting the relevance of multidimensional assessment in frail older adults.
Introduction: Smart Cities (SC) are located at the intersection of the innovation economy and the urban economy, where digitalization and data analysis are transforming productivity and public management models. This phenomenon redefines governance dynamics and demands new strategies for territorial development. Objective: The objective of this study is to analyze the main research trends on SC from an economy-urban perspective, with a special emphasis on Latin America. Methodology: A mixed approach was used, combining bibliometric analysis of publications indexed in Scopus and critical review of more than 60 recent articles to characterize thematic and productive evolution. Results: The results show an annual growth of 37.7% in academic production between 2018 and 2024, with China and India standing out. Research areas include the Internet of Things (IoT), blockchain, sustainability, and urban planning. In Latin America, scientific participation is 5% with an emphasis on governance, inclusion, and digital and institutional gaps. Discussion: Studies indicate that the SC paradigm is growing rapidly, although still in the process of consolidation, particularly in regions with unequal capacities. Conclusions: Strengthening CS in Latin America requires improving ICT infrastructure, promoting collaborative governance, and developing indicators focused on people and territory.
La propuesta pedagógica STEAM – Ciencia, Tecnología, Ingeniería, Arte y Matemática – ha adquirido notable relevancia en la educación inicial desde su capacidad para estimular La capacidad de analizar, generar ideas innovadoras y enfrentar desafíos de manera efectiva de una forma muy temprana. Este documento presenta una exploración cualitativa acerca de la formación continua docente, así como la educación STEAM en el ámbito de la primera infancia. Mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas a formadores y formadoras en un proceso de formación inicial docente y a profesionales en activo, se comparten percepciones, prácticas pedagógicas y necesidades persiguiendo la puesta en marcha del modelo en contextos infantiles. Los hallazgos indican un gran interés por parte del profesorado, pero también retos que podrían deberse a la escasez de recursos didácticos, a la carencia de formación especializada y con una falta relacionada con acompañamiento a nivel de centro. El modelo educativo STEAM, con el paso del tiempo, ha ayudado a mejorar la eficacia del proceso docente en los distintos niveles educativos, gracias a una concepción muy interdisciplinaria el cual se apoya en enfoques pedagógicos activos, entre ellos el aprendizaje mediante proyectos, métodos lúdicos, así como la interacción colaborativa entre pares como metodología como que facilitan una participación activa del alumnado. A partir de esta realidad, se desarrolló un estudio de diseño mixto con el profesorado del sector oficial de una ciudad colombiana de frontera apropósito del grado de transición. Los resultados indican la aplicación inicial del enfoque debido a la preparación del profesorado reflejando así la necesidad de que las políticas públicas que implementan el enfoque STEAM lleguen a los planos de estudio y modelos pedagógicos y pedagógicos. Así mismo se identificó la necesidad de fortalecer las destrezas emocionales y vinculadas a lo social de los docentes y del alumnado para obtener una educación transformadora y contextualizada.
La migración venezolana hacia Colombia ha generado un fenómeno social fascinante y complejo: la formación de "familias transnacionales". Este término refleja la realidad de familias que, debido a la distancia geográfica impuesta por la migración, mantienen la cohesión y la conexión gracias al empleo intencionado mediante las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC). Este artículo examina la interacción sobre "Familias Transnacionales" venezolanas que han surgido como resultado de la migración hacia Colombia. Enfocándose en la función crucial que desempeñan las Tecnologías de la Información y Comunicación (TIC), explora de qué manera estos recursos han tejido un vínculo tecnológico fundamental entre los miembros dispersos de estas familias. A medida que la crisis en Venezuela ha llevado a una migración masiva, las TIC, como WhatsApp y plataformas digitales, han emergido como puentes tecnológicos esenciales, facilitando interacción inmediata, el seguimiento del crecimiento familiar y la preservación de la identidad cultural. Aunque se enfrentan a desafíos de acceso y dependencia tecnológica, estas "Familias Transnacionales" venezolanas en Colombia demuestran resiliencia, utilizando las TIC no solo para mantener relaciones familiares, sino también para adaptarse y participar activamente en nuevas realidades y culturas. La investigación enfatiza en el continuo desarrollo tecnológico y como este podría moldear el futuro de estas familias, destacando la importancia crítica de las TIC en la preservación y fortalecimiento de los lazos familiares en medio de la migración transnacional.
