Mody University of Science and Technology, formerly Mody University, is a private women's university located in Lakshmangarh in the state of Rajasthan, India. It was established in 1998 by Mr R.P. Mody, an industrialist and philanthropist.
Digital Forensic Microbiology combines digital forensics and traditional microbiology, enabling contamination source attribution and outbreak reconstruction for foodborne pathogens and other microorganisms. Digital forensics track evidence from collection to analysis. The increasing digitization of microbiology, driven by metagenomics and genome sequencing, prompts consideration of pathogen-related evidence that spans computer-based, archival, and research microbiology. When digital microbiological evidence accumulates, rigorously tracing its chain of custody, documenting data provenance, and assuring integrity, authenticity, non-repudiation, and reproducibility within both regulatory and non-regulatory contexts become vital. Digital forensic microbiology, encompassing machine-learning source attribution, AI-aided outbreak reconstruction, and comprehensive evidence-integrity protocols, supports a diverse range of microorganisms, acts spanning foodborne contaminations to healthcare-associated infections, and broad traces across the contamination continuum.
Leaf segmentation in real-world scenarios is particularly challenging due to varying lighting and background conditions, crowded environments, and overlapping foliage. Existing techniques and methodologies often underperform in these contexts due to their inherent constraints of relying only on RGB or thermal images. While RGB data is sensitive to variations in lighting, thermal data lacks the structural details required for accurate segmentation. This study introduces an adaptive attention-based deep learning framework that integrates RGB and temperature modalities to address these challenges. The fusion mechanism allows the model to leverage the complementary qualities of both inputs, improving its ability to capture detailed leaf properties. The proposed model is evaluated using a dedicated dataset of paired RGB and thermal images, with performance assessed across seven metrics: Accuracy, Jaccard Index, Precision, Recall, F1-score, mAP@0.5, mAP@0.75, and IoU. The results demonstrate that the method consistently outperforms current state-of-the-art techniques across all evaluation metrics.
Schiff bases, chalcones, and semicarbazide have garnered significant interest owing to their varied pharmacological applications. This research involved the synthesis of eight imine derivatives, which were derived from substituted 1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one. The target compounds were isolated in high yields, thereby indicating the efficacy of the synthetic procedure. Numerous physicochemical and spectroscopic methods (UV-Visible, Infrared, 1HNMR and 13CNMR) were incorporated in substantiating newly synthesized semicarbazones. The azomethine moieties were then presented for antimicrobial activities with the help of bacterial strains viz., B. subtilis and Escherichia coli, and the fungal strains viz., Aspergillus niger and S. pombe. The compound (3-(3-nitrophenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)allyli-dene)hydrazinecarboxamide (SSB-6) has ascribed better bactericidal and fungicidal activity among all compounds. The computational DFT procedure was then used to scrutinize numerous depictions including chemical energy (& micro;), electronegativity (chi), hardness (ti), and the electrophilicity index (w). DFT analyses confirmed the antimicrobial capability of semicarbazones synthesized thereby presenting their density distribution. Interpretation of Mulliken charges around each atom expresses the reactivity and stability of semicarbazones. The antioxidant activity was also performed with the help of the DPPH scavenging assay and using ascorbic acid as the standard. The % scavenging was calculated and plotted with reference to the variable concentrations of the synthesized compounds. 3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-1-(2,4-dichlorophenyl)-allylidene)hydrazinecarboxamide (SSB-1) with a hydroxyl-substituted moiety showed the best antioxidant capacity of all compounds. The molecular docking process is utilised for ascertaining the binding enticement of synthesized compounds through the sought-after proteins. The prognostic ADME properties are directed towards the possible drug-likeness features of the synthesised compounds.
Background: Given the escalating prevalence of malnutrition and diet-related non-communicable diseases, there is an urgent imperative for the development of nutritious, cost-effective, and sustainable food products. The integration of underutilized, climate-resilient cereals—such as pearl millet—into staple bakery formulations represents a strategic intervention to mitigate these public health challenges. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of substituting wheat flour with varying proportions of pearl millet flour (PMF) on the proximate composition and organoleptic attributes of cookies. Methods: Pearl millet flour was substituted for wheat flour at levels of 0% (control), 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100%. Nutritional profiles were determined according to AOAC standardized protocols, while sensory attributes were assessed using a 9-point hedonic scale. Statistical significance was evaluated via Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) followed by post-hoc mean separation (p < 0.05). Additionally, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was employed to elucidate multivariate nutritional patterns across the treatments. Results: The incorporation of PMF significantly elevated protein, ash, dietary fiber, and mineral content across the treatment groups (p < 0.05). Formulations with 40% PMF substitution exhibited superior nutritional density compared to the control (0% PMF), while maintaining parity in overall sensory acceptability. Sensory profiling indicated that 20–40% PMF formulations were organoleptically acceptable compared to the control; however, replacement levels ≥ 60% resulted in a significant decline in appearance and textural scores. Multivariate analysis demonstrated a distinct shift toward nutrient-dense formulations with increasing PMF levels, confirming coordinated enhancements in protein and mineral matrices. Conclusion: The partial substitution of wheat flour with 20–40% pearl millet flour provides a viable approach for the development of nutritionally fortified cookies without compromising sensory quality. These findings endorse the incorporation of PMF in functional food systems, school nutrition initiatives, and targeted dietary interventions aimed at enhancing nutritional security and promoting sustainable food production. Keywords: Pearl Millet Floor; Nutritional Enhancement; Proximate Composition; Sensory Evaluation; Principal Component Analysis (PCA).
The present article reports the band structure tunability and optical characteristics, of a one-dimensional photonic crystal (1DPC) with super lattice of metamaterial and a superconducting material BSSCO, by employing the transfer matrix method. Using dispersion curves and transmission spectra, with variation in the incident angle, temperature, and damping frequency, its band structure characteristics are analyzed. The analysis also explicitly outlines the other optical properties like the absorptive behavior of the PC. It is noted that the bandgap decreases more sharply with an increase in temperature above 40 K with redshift, while the bandgap increases appreciably above 20 K with increase in incident angle showing a blueshift. The dispersion plots also showed that the wide forbidden gap decreases with an increase in the damping frequency. It is demonstrated that the metamaterial even without damping is responsible for the absorption of 59.39% at 3.462 GHz frequency in ENG region. With damping of 0.002 GHz, there exists some absorption also in DNG region in addition to ENG, and on further increasing damping frequency from 0.02 GHz to 0.14 GHz, absorption now also takes place in mainly DNG regime and beyond it the absorption increases more sharply, where the bandgap continues to decrease and beyond 0.40 GHz high absorption as well as reflection dominantly occurs in DNG regime, which reduces the transmission completely to zero up to 5.015 GHz and ceases the PBG behavior. The innovative insights of the analysis can be exploited in designing optical filters, switches, broadband reflectors, low-temperature sensors, ultra-wideband microwave antenna, and also as good absorber in solar cells, and can be of a great significance in fabricating next-generation microwave devices with high-performance.
