Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, formerly Madhya Pradesh Pashu-Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya is a state agricultural university located at Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India. It was established in 2009 by the Madhya Pradesh Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalaya Adhiniyam, 2009 of the Government of Madhya Pradesh. It imparts education in different branches of veterinary science and fisheries management. The university has three constituent veterinary colleges in Jabalpur, Mhow and Rewa. Other institutes it includes are Fishery College, School of Wildlife Forensic and Health and Animal Biotechnology Centre all in Jabalpur. It also has five polytechnic colleges awarding two year diplomas.
The Temperature–Humidity Index (THI) is a key biometeorological indicator that integrates air temperature and relative humidity to assess thermal stress in animals. Elevated THI has been associated with impaired semen quality and testicular function in goats, likely mediated by reductions in antioxidant defense mechanisms under adverse climatic conditions. This study investigated the combined effects of L-carnitine and sodium pyruvate supplementation in semen extenders on the cryosurvivability, sperm quality and oxidative stress of buck semen collected across different months and seasons in a tropical climate. Twelve adult Sirohi bucks were used and semen was cryopreserved with a Tris-based extender containing L-carnitine (2 mM) and sodium pyruvate (1 mM). semen analyses included semen volume, sperm concentration, motility, viability, membrane and DNA integrity, capacitation and apoptosis status, mitochondrial membrane potential, lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase activity at different stages of semen collection. Supplementation with L-carnitine and sodium pyruvate markedly enhanced post-thaw sperm motility, viability, plasma and acrosomal membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity, and DNA stability, while reducing apoptosis and cryocapacitation compared with the control. Pronounced seasonal effects were evident, with semen collected during September–November and the rainy season exhibiting superior quality, followed by the transition from rainy to winter. The supplemented antioxidants effectively mitigated oxidative stress, preserving mitochondrial and genomic integrity during the freeze–thaw process. Overall, this extender formulation improved the resilience and fertilizing potential of cryopreserved buck semen under tropical climatic variability, suggesting a protective role against heat-induced stress reflected by elevated temperature–humidity index (THI) conditions.
Pyometra, a serious and potentially fatal uterine infection in intact female dogs, is a common reproductive disorder characterized by the accumulation of purulent material within the uterus. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of canine from June to November 2024. A total of 1,857 canine cases were presented during the study period, of which 27 cases (1.45%) were diagnosed as pyometra based on clinical signs and ultrasonographic findings. Among 174 recorded gynaecological cases, pyometra accounted for 15.51 per cent cases. The disease was more prevalent in the month of July and August, with the highest incidence observed in Labrador Retrievers (37.03%) and nulliparous females (55.55%). Both open (77.77%) and closed (22.22%) cervix forms of pyometra were identified, with severity classified via ultraso nography. Monthly and breed-wise variation, along with parity status, revealed patterns that may assist in early diagnosis and targeted intervention. The findings highlight the importance of routine reproductive health monitoring in at-risk breeds and non-breeding females. Enhanced diagnostic facilities, including ultrasonography, were crucial for timely detection and management, thereby reducing associated morbidity and mortality.
World Health Organization estimates, more than 80% people in developing countries depend on traditional medicine for their primary health needs. The present study was aimed to examine protective effect of E. officinalis and S. nigrum against Mercury induced histopathological changes in gill and liver in fishes. For this present study Twenty-four (100 to 150 g) fishes were divided into four groups. Each group consisted of six fishes. Group 1 (Normal Group), which served as control, was not administered with mercury (tested drug). The fishes of groups 2, 3 and 4 were administered mercury @ 400 µg/L, respectively for 90 days (12 week). Fishes of groups 3 treated with E. officinalis fruit powder @ 1 g/100 g of feed 12 weeks for 90 days (12 week). Fishes of groups 4 treated with S. nigrum treated with fruit powder @ 1 g/100 g of feed 12 weeks in fishes. At the 13th week H & E stained Sections of the gills of group 2 showed degeneration, detachment of the secondary epithelium, severe adhesion and inflammation. On the13th week in group 3 gills tissues showed mild necrotic changes and normalization of some places. Fishes of groups 4 showed mild pathological changes and normalization of some places. On the 13th week after administration of HgCl2 @400 µg/L for 12-week liver tissues of fishes of group 2 showed severe degeneration and necrosis in hepatocytes. On 13th week after administration of HgCl2, E. officinalis fruit powder and S. nigrum fruit powder for 12 week in fishes of group 3 and 4 respectively, liver tissues showed mild pathological changes and normalization of some places in fishes of group 3 and 4, respectively. The results indicate that the cytogenic effect of E. officinalis and S. nigrum in fishes of Group 3 and 4 against of Hg induced histopathological changes in gill and liver.
The present study was conducted on 18 dogs at VCC, College of Veterinary Science& A.H. Mhow. The18 dogs irrespective of, age and sex with history of bleeding from the genital region were examined forthe CTVT and randomly allocated equally in following three treatment groups. Animals of group-1 weretreated with Vincristine sulphate, group-2 were treated with combination of Vincristine sulphate andIvermectin and group-3 were treated with oral drops of Thuja 200c and the observations were recordedon subsequent weeks (0, 7th, 14th and 21st day). The therapeutic efficacy was judged on the basis of theabove combination of the drugs, reduction of tumour mass, stoppage of bleeding, observation on clinicalside effects, haemato-biochemical parameters and cytological parameters. The minimum side effectswere with thuja as compared to vincristine + ivermectin and vincristine aloneadministration.Comparatively higher regression of tumour mass was observed with vincristine sulphate +ivermectin (99.80%) as compared to vincristine (97.80%) alone and Thuja (43.42%)
BACKGROUND:The present study evaluated the diagnostic performance of conventional microscopy and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based assays for the detection of Babesia infections in dogs, including semi-nested PCR (SN-PCR) targeting the 18 S rRNA gene and single-round PCR (SR-PCR) assays targeting the mitochondrial cytochrome b (cytb) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1) genes for B. gibsoni and B. vogeli, respectively. Mitochondrial sequence variation was further assessed by integrating newly generated sequences from Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh (central India), with global reference datasets. METHODS AND RESULTS:A total of 100 blood samples from dogs suspected of having haemoprotozoan infections were analysed between June 2022 and May 2023. Microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained smears detected Babesia parasites in 13% of the samples, whereas the 18 S rRNA SN-PCR assay identified infections in 29%, comprising B. gibsoni (25%) and B. vogeli (4%). Representative sequences showed 98-99% identity with corresponding GenBank reference sequences. Representative sequences showed 98-99% identity with corresponding GenBank reference sequences. Compared with SN-PCR, microscopy demonstrated moderate sensitivity but perfect specificity, resulting in an overall diagnostic accuracy of 84.0% (p < 0.01). Mitochondrial SR-PCR assays detected B. gibsoni and B. vogeli in 5% and 4% of the samples, respectively. The cytb-based assay showed higher sensitivity and a significant diagnostic association (p < 0.01) than the cox1 assay, whereas the cox1 assay demonstrated lower sensitivity with a non-significant association (p > 0.05). All PCR assays showed 100% specificity and positive predictive value. Bayesian phylogenetic and haplotype analyses indicated that B. gibsoni cytb sequences formed a monophyletic lineage with limited regional structuring, with Indian isolates clustering within a distinct sub-lineage. In contrast, B. vogeli cox1 sequences exhibited low global diversity with a dominant shared haplotype across geographic regions. CONCLUSIONS:The 18S rRNA SN-PCR assay showed the highest sensitive method for detecting Babesia infections in dogs. Mitochondrial markers (cytb and cox1) supported species confirmation and comparative phylogenetic assessment, highlighting the complementary value of nuclear and mitochondrial gene targets for molecular surveillance and control of canine babesiosis in India.
