Odessa National Maritime University

Improving the efficiency of energy consumption, conversion, and transmission on merchant ships has become a critical challenge due to rising fuel costs, increasingly stringent environmental regulations, and the introduction of operational efficiency requirements such as the IMO CII. Existing energy-efficiency metrics are predominantly based on absolute or design-oriented indicators and do not adequately capture the latent reserves of energy savings embedded in ship energy systems. This study addresses this gap by proposing a methodological framework for quantifying energy efficiency through the concept of relative energy-saving potential. The proposed approach integrates ship energy balance analysis with a hierarchical assessment of relative theoretical, technical, and economically feasible energy-saving potentials. The framework is demonstrated using an illustrative numerical example for a representative medium-size product tanker. The presented calculations are intended to demonstrate the applicability of the methodology rather than to provide vessel-specific operational recommendations. The results indicate that a significant share of energy losses can be identified and reduced by technical and economic feasibility considerations. The study concludes that relative energy-saving potentials offer an effective and scalable foundation for ship energy management, supporting SEEMP implementation, CII compliance strategies, and integration into digital twin and AI-based energy management systems.

This study addresses the question of how augmented reality (AR) technologies can be designed and integrated into maritime navigation systems to meet the needs of young navigators within contemporary socio-technical bridge environments. The article is based on a qualitative, literature-based research methodology involving a structured analysis and synthesis of peer-reviewed journal articles and conference proceedings related to AR interfaces, human performance, decision support, and maritime training. The reviewed studies indicate that AR can enhance perceptual and situational awareness by overlaying navigational information directly into the navigator’s field of view, thereby reducing head-down time, improving spatial alignment of information, and supporting performance in low-visibility and high-traffic conditions. The literature also shows that AR-enabled visualizations and shared displays can support individual and team-based decision-making by facilitating real-time, context-aware information exchange on the ship’s bridge. Safety-related benefits are identified as indirect outcomes of improved perception and cognitive support rather than as isolated technological effects. Simultaneously, the findings highlight that these benefits depend strongly on human-centered interface design and appropriate training. The study concludes that AR has significant potential to enhance maritime navigation for young navigators when integrated as part of a balanced socio-technical system combining technology, human factors, and structured education.

Метою даного дослідження є розробка концепції врахування викидів при формуванні та оптимізації систем доставки вантажів. Основна ідея полягає в тому, що при виборі варіанта системи доставки пропонується розглядати додатковий критерій -показник «сумарних викидів», який дозволяв би оцінити альтернативні варіанти системи доставки, яка відповідає певним експортним (імпортним) постачанням, що передбачають різні комбінації видів транспорту. Кожен рівень системи доставки та кожен її компонент впливає на величину викидів. Тобто йдеться про оцінку транспортуючих систем, що забезпечують доставку вантажів у межах певного проміжку часу, і є відносно постійною структурою. Розроблено концепцію врахування викидів при формуванні та оптимізації систем доставок вантажів. Згідно даній концепції варіювання технологією перевезень, географією пунктів (портів) перевалювання, складом транспортних та перевантажувальних засобів дозволить варіювати загальною величиною викидів прим транспортуванні певної партії вантажу протягом певногоперіоду. Це дозволить формувати рішення щодо доставки в умовах досягнення балансу «витрати -викиди», що відповідає сучасним ідеологіям зеленої логістики та сталого розвитку. Запропонована концепція у подальшому має бути застосована при математичному моделюванні процесів формування та оптимізації систем доставки вантажів, складаючи відповідне теоретичне підґрунтя. На базі прогнозів щодо обсягів постачання для даної системи транспортування можуть бути зроблені оцінки за певний період, що дасть змогу побачити перспективу використання конкретного варіанту транспортування з точки зору впливу на довкілля та проаналізувати варіанти його мінімізації. Ключові слова: викиди, сталий розвиток, зелена логістики, морські перевезення, контейнерні перевезення, технологія транспортування

At the current stage of socio-economic development, communication processes are becoming an increasingly important factor in the functioning and development of all spheres of public life, including the agricultural sector. Under conditions of economic transformation, globalization, digitalization, and heightened uncertainty, communication acts not only as a means of information exchange but also as a strategic resource for coordinating economic activity, ensuring effective management decisions, and strengthening interaction between key labor market participants. The rural labor market is characterized by a limited number of jobs, insufficient diversification of economic activities, low wage levels, underdeveloped social and production infrastructure, and restricted access to modern educational and professional development opportunities. These factors contribute to persistent unemployment, the spread of informal employment, labor migration, and the outflow of young and qualified specialists from rural areas. As a result, rural territories face demographic decline, labor shortages in the agricultural sector, and the deterioration of social stability, which negatively affects long-term economic growth and regional development.Under these conditions, the role of the state in regulating the rural labor market becomes especially important. Effective state regulation should be based on a combination of economic, organizational, institutional, and social instruments aimed at balancing labor supply and demand, improving employment quality, and ensuring decent working conditions. At the same time, modern labor market regulation increasingly requires the use of effective communication mechanisms that facilitate interaction between public authorities, employers, educational institutions, employment services, and the rural population. Such mechanisms make it possible to improve the responsiveness of the labor market to changes in economic conditions and to enhance its adaptability to structural transformations.The relevance of this study is determined by the need to improve the organizational and economic mechanism of state regulation of the labor market in rural areas, taking into account current socio-economic challenges and the strategic objectives of rural development. The implementation of a comprehensive and communication-oriented approach to labor market regulation will contribute to sustainable rural development and strengthen the socio-economic stability of the state

In the current conditions of economic integration and development of transport corridors, systematic optimization of the business activities of resource suppliers, product manufacturers, and resource and product transporters within a single production and transport holding company that supplies consumer markets with products is becoming highly relevant.A large number of recent publications, mainly descriptive in nature, are devoted to these logistical issues. Publications using economic and mathematical tools examine production and transport systems that include only manufacturers, transporters, and consumers of products; the supply of resources used to manufacture the final product is ignored. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to construct and analyze economic and mathematical models of a generalized system of entrepreneurial activity of a production and transport holding, taking into account not only products but also resources.Due to the existence of goods that replace or complement each other, the price of each type of product depends not only on the volume of that product, but on the volume of all types of products on the market. The types of dependencies between the costs of resource extraction, product manufacturing, and transportation are determined.An economic-mathematical model of the task of maximizing the holding's profit as the difference between revenues in all markets and total costs of production and transportation of resources and products has been constructed. The conditions for theoptimality of the plan have been found and interpreted.A change in any of the system's characteristics causes a change in the optimal plan not only for the corresponding component, but also affects the entire optimal plan. Market demand parameters for products affect optimal production volumes and resource transportation, etc.We note the possibility of market decentralization of the studied production and transportation system, when it is no longer a single optimization problem for the entire system that is being solved, but each of the system participants (suppliers and transporters of resources and products) maximizes only their own profit, using as their control parameter the vector volume of their own production or transportation – at certain prices for resources and products and transportation tariffs.