Followership, though less examined than leadership, plays a pivotal role in organizational success and inclusivity. Women’s followership roles are particularly important in shaping sustainable organizational cultures amid growing globalization and workforce diversity. This study explored women’s perceptions of followership with three objectives: (1) to examine how Generation Z and older generations perceive followership roles, (2) to compare generational differences in followership perceptions, and (3) to analyze the impact of cultural backgrounds. Participants from collectivist and individualist contexts (Hofstede, 1983) were recruited through snowball sampling, data collected via open-ended, in-person interviews, and an approach well-suited for exploratory research. There were a total of 16 participants. Thematic analysis was conducted using MAXQDA, identifying themes and sub-themes, which revealed how generational identity and cultural norms shape women’s experience of followership. Findings provide practical strategies to bridge generational divides, foster inclusive leader-follower cohesion, and lay the groundwork for future research on women’s followership in global organizational contexts.
This study examines explosive price dynamics consistent with bubble-like behavior in clean and renewable energy ETFs, index, and equities compared to traditional energy counterparts, using the Generalized Supremum Augmented Dickey-Fuller (GSADF) test across four subperiods: Pre-Paris Agreement, Paris Agreement, COVID-19, and Russia-Ukraine War. Using daily price data for clean energy assets (ICLN, QCLN, CELS, ENPH, AEIS) and traditional energy assets (VDE, IXC, XLE, USEG), the analysis reveals pronounced prevalence of explosive price episodes in clean energy markets, with 76.55% of explosive price episodes in the Pre-agreement period and 72.66% during COVID-19, consistent with speculative dynamics. Traditional energy assets exhibit greater resilience, with limited explosive episodes, notably only USEG during the Russia-Ukraine War. The novel segmented subperiod approach, combined with GSADF’s precise bubble date-stamping of explosive episodes, distinguishes this study by offering granular insights into sector-specific vulnerabilities, unlike prior broader analyses. The findings indicate that selected clean energy instruments exhibited more frequent explosive price episodes during crisis periods than their traditional energy counterparts, a pattern that may inform risk assessment and further research relevant to SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy) and SDG 13 (Climate Action) but does not by itself warrant specific investment or policy recommendations.
T & uuml;rkiye and South Korea initiated their nuclear energy programs in the late 1950s within a shared global context shaped by the peaceful atom movement, Cold War technological diffusion, and growing energy security concerns. Despite broadly similar starting points, their technological and operational trajectories subsequently diverged substantially. South Korea progressively developed domestic reactor-design, construction, and export capabilities, whereas T & uuml;rkiye experienced repeated delays in commercial reactor deployment and continues to rely substantially on foreign technology and project implementation. Against this background, this study examines why the two countries followed different pathways in transforming imported nuclear technology into domestic technological and industrial capabilities. Using a structured comparative historical design combined with process tracing, the study examines institutional structures, policy continuity, procurement and implementation decisions, technological-learning mechanisms, and localization outcomes from the late 1950s to the present. The historical evidence suggests that South Korea's experience is consistent with the argument that stronger state capacity, coherent industrial policy, and long-term planning facilitated cumulative technological capability formation, whereas institutional discontinuity and greater reliance on foreign actors constrained capability accumulation in T & uuml;rkiye. From a policy perspective, the comparison suggests that T & uuml;rkiye and other nuclear newcomer countries seeking technological upgrading should complement reactor procurement with progressively sequenced mechanisms for technology transfer, domestic supplier qualification, workforce development, localization, and institutional learning.
Given the increased autonomy and limited direct instructor presence in online learning settings necessitating advanced self-regulated learning skills (SRLs), many online students face significant learning difficulties, such as low course completion rates. External support, particularly in the form of feedback, is crucial in addressing these difficulties. However, providing timely and personalised feedback at scale remains a key challenge. This study examines the effects of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) feedback on students' SRLs in an online higher education context. The study compares GenAI feedback, informed by student trace data and learning analytics, with tutor-generated feedback, assessing both student perceptions of feedback and their SRLs development. Employing a mixed-methods research design, we collected survey data, trace-based SRL indicators, and open-ended responses from 46 university students. Quantitative findings revealed that students rated GenAI feedback more positively than tutor-generated feedback, with a statistically significant difference in Genuineness. Moreover, the treatment group showed significant improvement in the Task Strategies dimension of SRLs, suggesting that personalised GenAI feedback may enhance specific regulatory behaviours. Qualitative insights revealed varying student awareness of the feedback source, with some prioritising content over the source of feedback. In contrast, others indicated their attitudes might have differed had they known the provider, highlighting the socio-emotional aspects of feedback adoption and impact. This study concludes that GenAI has the potential to scale SRLs feedback in online learning environments, but the student perceptions of feedback should be carefully managed to observe the expected impact.
This study investigates how governance moderates the relationship between globalization, economic complexity, terrorism, and energy efficiency in 26 Sub-Saharan African countries from 1990 to 2021. Using a panel vector autoregression model estimated through the generalized method of moments (GMM-PVAR), the findings reveal that governance and globalization exert positive long-run effects on energy efficiency, whereas economic complexity reduces efficiency, reflecting an energy-intensive rather than innovation-driven structural transformation. Impulse response results show that shocks to governance and globalization enhance efficiency, while shocks to economic complexity have the opposite effect. Importantly, governance significantly moderates the impact of terrorism: energy efficiency improves following terrorism shocks only where institutional quality is stronger, indicating a governance-driven resilience mechanism. Granger causality tests further identify dynamic feedback between energy efficiency, governance, and terrorism. These results underscore the centrality of institutional quality in shaping sustainable energy transitions in the region. Policy implications highlight the need to strengthen governance systems, deploy resilient and decentralized clean-energy infrastructure in conflict-prone areas, and integrate energy–security planning. The study offers actionable guidance for advancing SDG 7 (Affordable and Clean Energy), SDG 13 (Climate Action), SDG 16 (Peace, Justice, and Strong Institutions), and SDG 17 (Partnerships for the Goals), emphasizing that strong governance is indispensable for achieving sustainable development in Sub-Saharan Africa.
