Penza State University

Purpose: This study examines competence gaps as a structural constraint hindering retail and distribution systems' adaptation to digitalization and omnichannel models. Departing from a pedagogical perspective, it treats workforce competencies as an operational resource of these systems. Consequently, educational programs are analyzed not as a primary object of study, but as an institutional benchmark and proxy for interpreting competence demand within retail and distribution systems. Research design, data and methodology: The analysis uses vacancy data (approximately 1.2 thousand postings from the Penza regional market, 2024) for retail, logistics, and SCM occupations. Applying semantic text analysis and machine learning (NLP, clustering), skills were aggregated into competence profiles to identify misalignments between employer demand and institutional benchmarks from university programs. Results: Results show that modern systems rely on hybrid competence configurations combining digital, analytical, managerial, and customer-oriented components. These configurations are linked to inventory coordination, logistics responsiveness, and omnichannel service quality but remain poorly reflected in institutional benchmarks. Conclusions: The study demonstrates that vacancy-based labor market analytics can serve as a distribution-oriented diagnostic tool for identifying workforce-related coordination constraints. The proposed framework provides a data-driven basis for strengthening adaptive capacity in retail and distribution systems.

This article addresses the issue of activating the professional self-determination of future teachers as a prerequisite for the successful professional training of teaching staff in higher education. An analysis of the relevant scientific literature is conducted to determine the extent to which this research topic has been addressed in the literature. The results of a survey of future teachers are presented. The survey aimed at identifying changes in the professional self-determination of students majoring in “Pedagogical Education”, demonstrating the need to intensify this process. Based on the analysis of the survey results and the scientific literature, measures to enhance the professional self-determination of future teachers are formulated, and methods for implementing these measures are proposed, collectively aimed at the personal and professional development of students majoring in “Pedagogical Education”.

A study of reagent-free electrolysis purification of recirculating water supply systems for industrial aquaculture (growing catfish) was conducted. The aim was to study the efficiency of nitrogen-containing compounds (NH4⁺, NO2⁻, NO3⁻) reduction using generators with linear and pulse waveforms. The electrochemical unit operated at a current of 30 A and a voltage of 22 V, ensuring the processing of up to 20 m3 of water per day. The results showed that the use of a pulse power source ensures up to 40

The dynamics of the transfer of ion energy to the atoms of the crystal lattice when it hits different points on the surface was studied. The dependence of the scattered ion energy on the aiming parameters determining the coordinates of the impact points was determined. Based on the obtained data, a conclusion was drawn regarding the validity of the multiparticle interaction mechanism in the bombardment energy range from 15 to 400 eV.

The Western Siberian peatlands rank among the largest in the Northern Hemisphere. This study investigates peatland development and palaeohydrological changes of the Mukhrino mire during the Holocene focussing on climatic, regional and local factors. The multiproxy and multi-core approach reveals spatial variability driven by topography and sedimentary conditions. Our study integrates testate amoebae, plant macrofossils, peat geochemical and biomarkers to provide insights into past vegetation and environmental conditions. Peat accumulation in Mukhrino mire began in the early Holocene, with regional vegetation influenced by climatic and soil factors. Forest cover has been present since the Early Holocene. Birch and pine dominated in the drained areas and episodic regional presence of Tilia and Ulmus indicated warmer intervals. Since ~8800 cal yr BP, Mukhrino mire transitioned to an oligotrophic/ombrotrophic state dominated by Sphagnum fuscum . A key focus of this study is the dynamics of peatland surface wetness over millennia. Proxy-specific responses revealed both short-term variability (via testate amoebae) and long-term climatic trends (via plant macrofossils). Local dry phases (~6500–5700/4700 and 2200–1800 cal yr BP) resulted in partial mire afforestation, while wetter periods (~5700/4700–2500 cal yr BP) facilitated the restoration of its current state. Comparisons with prior studies identified two wet and four dry zones, with synchronised wetness trends across cores despite localised variations in peat accumulation rates. A pronounced local wet phase (~6700–6800 cal yr BP) corresponds with a marker layer from nearby Lake Svetlenkoye sediments (~8000–6700 cal yr BP), attributed to Ob River palaeo-floods. This evidence supports the presence of regionally wet environmental conditions during this period.