Popular University of Cesar

Understanding the socioeconomic conditions of communities in protected areas is essential for designing effective public policies in these territories. This study analyzes the socioeconomic landscape of communities in the Tapaj & oacute;s National Forest (Brazilian Amazon region), with the aim of examining their economic and social dynamics within the context of environmental conservation. Using a qualitative methodology based on semi-structured interviews, direct observation, and document review, the main subsistence activities and their associated challenges were identified. The results highlight the urgency of implementing participatory management models that link local development with ecosystem protection, due to issues such as inadequate infrastructure, marketing difficulties, and the absence of adapted regulatory frameworks. Likewise, the need to include vulnerable groups (women and youth) in productive processes is emphasized, along with the generation of formal employment, educational improvements, and accessible technological innovations to strengthen community autonomy. This research provides essential foundations for the formulation of public policies that promote comprehensive sustainability in the region of the Conservation Unit studied.

Scaling up microalgae cultivation is key to commercial viability. Over the past two decades, the market value of microalgae has expanded exponentially, driven by their applications in the pharmaceutical, nutraceutical, cosmetic, and animal feed industries. High-value compounds such as omega-3 fatty acids, proteins, and pigments are in strong demand. However, supply remains constrained by suboptimal cultivation practices and high harvesting costs. Despite decades of progress in process modeling, control, and optimization, industrial adoption is still limited by dynamic cultivation conditions influenced by weather variability, biological adaptation, and integration challenges. Technical barriers, including limited data accuracy, modest control performance, and the fragility of low-cost devices, further restrict optimization efforts. In response, we examined recent advances in control, optimization, and automated machine learning applied to microalgae cultivation. We propose an automated architecture built on a closed-loop supervisory layer that embeds machine learning within the control loop, enabling real-time monitoring, prediction, and adaptive actuation. This approach aligns with real-time optimization and distributed control system practices, integrating system identification, controller optimization, fault diagnosis and tolerance, and perception to achieve autonomous, uncertainty-aware operation.

La puesta en práctica de la figura de los mensajes de datos a través de la Ley 2213 de 2022 ha permitido que el sistema judicial colombiano haya adoptado los expedientes digitales, reduciendo así, el uso del papel. Lo que ha generado un impacto positivo en la conservación del medio ambiente. Sin embargo, se requiere que la ley también le sea aplicable a los asuntos administrativos, en especial a los trámites notariales, para que, de esta manera, se pueda reducir de manera ostensible el uso del papel en la administración de justicia en Colombia.

Introduction:During the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare workers (HCWs) faced intense and prolonged stress. This exposure increased their risk of burnout and mood disorders. The Dysregulation of Mood, Energy, and Social Rhythms (DYMERS) hypothesis suggests that instability in biological and social rhythms may precede the onset of mood dysregulation. This study examined rhythm disturbances among HCWs and explored the potential role of a rhythm-focused psychoeducational intervention. Methods:Ninety-seven HCWs from the University Hospital of Cagliari, Italy, participated in a cross-sectional study. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and rhythm regulation was evaluated through the Biological Rhythms Interview of Assessment in Neuropsychiatry (BRIAN). Data were compared with published findings from mood disorders, psychotic disorders, and community samples. Results:A current depressive episode with PHQ-9 score was identified in 35.1% of HCWs participants, with significantly higher prevalence (p= 0.01) among women (42.7%) than men (14.7%). Mean BRIAN scores were 46.1 ± 11.0, significantly higher than those observed in psychotic disorder (p = 0.04) and community samples (p< 0.0001). Rhythm dysregulation scores approached values reported in bipolar disorder samples. Elevated BRIAN scores were also observed among non-depressed participants. Discussion:The elevated rhythm dysregulation scores observed in healthcare workers support the hypothesis that chronic occupational stress may disrupt biological and social rhythms, potentially increasing vulnerability to mood disorders. Conclusion:HCWs displayed pronounced rhythm dysregulation and high rates of depressive symptoms, highlighting occupational stress as a potential major risk factor and further supporting the DYMERS hypothesis. From both clinical and research perspectives, it could be essential to promote psychoeducational programs that target rhythm regulation, such as adaptations of Interpersonal and Social Rhythm Therapy, which may offer effective preventive strategies to enhance resilience and mental well-being in this population. However, the cross-sectional design, convenience sampling, limited socio-demographic data, and reliance on self-reported measures constrain generalizability and causal inference, underscoring the need for larger longitudinal studies to validate and extend these findings.

The red tilapia Oreochromis sp. represents 62% of continental fish production in Colombia and is the livelihood of more than 1,805 families according to Fedeacua (2023). In the department of Cesar, its cultivation has grown exponentially in municipalities such as Chiriguaná, El Paso, Bosconia and Valledupar. However, this growth has been accompanied by outbreaks of streptococcosis and aeromoniasis that have generated losses of up to 40% in some crops. This review, the product of the formative research of Microbiology students from the Popular University of Cesar, analyzes the bacteriological profile reported in red tilapia and its relationship with antimicrobial resistance (AMR). A systematic review of local, national and international literature was carried out between 2015-2025. The results show that the predominant genera are Streptococcus agalactiae, Aeromonas hydrophila, Plesiomonas shigellooides, Edwardsiella tarda, and enterobacteriaceae such as Klebsiella oxytoca and Citrobacter freundii. Worrying resistance to ampicillin, oxytetracycline, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, antibiotics commonly used in the region, is documented.