Although, there is an international demand on institutes of higher education to spur on innovative research, there is a gap in the aspiration and actual innovative output that continues to exist, particularly in the emerging economies. University structures and Academic leadership are long established in the literature on the topic as facilitators of innovation in the higher education landscape, yet this research explores the under-researched impact of psychological capital on these variables to spur academic research innovation. A quantitative, cross-sectional research design was adopted, and data were gathered from 400 doctoral scholars registered in central, state, deemed, and private universities through stratified random sampling. Data were analysed using Partial Least Square, Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), along with the measurements of common method bias and Importance-Performance Map Analysis (IPMA) used to gain analytical understanding. Interpretations of the findings have shown that both academic leadership and university structure have a significant impact on innovation as external facilitators, though it is the psychological capital, self-efficacy, resilience, hope and optimism of the scholar that is the critical conduit in the change between structural support to creative results. The suggested model explains 69.8 percent of the variation in innovation when PsyCap mediates a significant effect on this variation.This paper is not just a typical structural analysis but an empirically confirmed more humanistic, psychologically driven framework of how-to bring innovation in the higher education ecosystem. The research contributes greatly to the theoretical literature by connecting the Positive Psychology theory and Creative Componential theory in scholarly researches in higher education institutions by showing that psychological capital is not merely a personal possession but a key determinant through which research directs and the university systems can realize their innovation impacts.
Thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) exploits intramolecular charge-transfer states to harvest triplet excitons in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) through the twisted configuration of the donor and acceptor units. However, the highly twisted conformation of TADF molecules results in limited fluorescence yield and leads to energy loss. In this study, we designed rigid and planar fused HLCT emitters by interlocking the C-C bond between the donor and the acceptor. Carbazole and pi-extended carbazole derivatives were used as donors, and cyano benzene, benzophenone, sulfonyldibenzene, and N-methyl phthalimide were employed as acceptors. Density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) were used to evaluate the electronic, excited-state, and photophysical properties of the newly designed molecules. The radiative and non-radiative decay rates were estimated using the thermal vibrational correlated formalism (TVCF). Furthermore, the light emitting properties of organic emitters with and without interlocked structures were systematically evaluated. These results reveal the crucial role of molecular rigidity in enhancing radiative and non-radiative properties of organic emitters. Overall, our findings establish intricate relationships between the molecular structure and key photochemical properties, including intersystem crossing rates, reverse intersystem crossing rates, radiative decay rates, and charge transfer characteristics.
War-traumatized refugees face significant mental health challenges, yet access to care is often limited due to financial, logistical, and awareness barriers. The present review aims to identify the existing digital self-help tools for mental health problems among war-traumatized refugees and assess their effectiveness via meta-analysis. Databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, SAGE, PsycNET, ScienceDirect, Scopus, Web of Science, and JSTOR were searched in July 2024. A comprehensive literature search yielded 11 studies. The review identified self-help apps, including Tetris Gameplay, Step-by-Step, Happy Helping Hand Game, Sanadak, Self-Help Plus, Digital Audio Files, and a Web-Based Module (Tell Your Story), as effective in managing mental health problems. The results of the meta-analysis revealed that digital self-help tools have a mild, yet significant, overall effect (SMD = -0.34, 95
This study aims to examine the impacts of country risks on outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) of emerging source countries (ESCs). This study disaggregates destinations as developed countries (DCs), emerging countries (ECs) and other developing countries (ODCs). Additionally, country risks are categorized as economic, political and natural risks. Hardly do there exist any earlier studies that have examined the source country's perspective and segregated destinations as per their level of development. This study uses a gravity model approach for a total of 166 countries and employs the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood (PPML) method, which is effective for estimating the FDI gravity model. The findings of this study show that the three risk factors are not responding in a similar manner to the FDI of both source and host countries. It is the nature of country risks of home countries that motivates outward FDI from emerging sources to select their destinations as DCs, ECs or ODCs. The results for bilateral export of ECs show that it is a potential complementary instrument that can be used as a learning mechanism to obtain foreign market-specific knowledge in the presence of country risks.
Caesarean section (CS) rates have been rising steadily worldwide, including in India, due to several factors affecting women's preferences. The present study aimed to identify socio-demographic and attitudinal factors associated with preference for CS among postnatal women. The study used a cross-sectional design among 553 postnatal women in four districts of Andhra Pradesh. Data were collected using the questionnaire based on the Attitude Toward Birth Method Selection (ATBMS) scale from June 20 to August 16, 2024. The study employed descriptive and inferential analysis, which consists of Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and multivariate logistic regression. The study considered the actual mode of delivery as the outcome variable alongside socio demographic variables such as women’s age, education, parity, occupation, nature of job, place of stay for delivery and variables such as decision-making power, financial autonomy, interactions of household income and type of delivery facility, and seven attitudinal factors as exposure variables for the regression analysis. Attitudinal factors such as 'convenience and health support' (AOR 1.94, < 0.001) and 'Confidence in medical practitioners and their motivation' (AOR 1.66, p < 0.001) along with socio-demographic factors such as increasing age (26 above AOR 2.63, p < 0.05), being middle income household and went to private health facility (AOR 31.72, p < 0.001), found as risk factors in increasing CS while higher parity of women (4 above, AOR 0.16, p < 0.001), and factors such as belief disfavouring CS (AOR 0.62, p < 0.001) and certain socio-cultural norms (AOR 0.41, p < 0.001) were identified as protective factors. This study emphasises the influence of attitudinal and socio-demographic factors on the increasing trend towards CS among post-natal women. To reverse these trends, there is a need to implement extensive childbirth education, provide counselling and encourage healthcare professionals to conduct vaginal birth after caesarean (VBAC), increase confidence in public health systems, and regulate private healthcare practices.
