Rayat-Bahra University (RBU), a private university located in Mohali, Punjab, India. The university was established in 2014 under The Rayat-Bahra University Act, 2014.
Sustainability is required in the concrete manufacturing due to the environmental impact from the production of cement and the increasing buildup of industrial waste materials. Although waste marble powder (WMP) has been investigated as an additional material in combination of predictive modelling, environmental impact and mechanical performance in a single study. This study explores the feasibility of using WMP as a partial replacement for cement and sand in concrete mixes to enhance compressive strength and promote sustainability. Experimental results show that replacing cement and sand with 5
The present study details the copper(I) catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC)based construction of a Silatrane-Chalcone-Triazole conjugate (Quan et al., 2025 (6)), which exhibits selective and efficient colorimetric recognition of Zr(IV).The emission properties of compound (Quan et al., 2025 (6)) were investigated, revealing high selectivity toward Zr(IV) with a detection limit of 2.7 x 10- 7 M.The excellent linear correlation (R2 value) obtained from the titration data indicates a 1:1 binding stoichiometry ratio between compound (Quan et al., 2025 (6)) and the Zr(IV). The possible binding site of (6) for Zr(IV) was further elucidated through the 1H NMR, FT-IR,ESR andmass spectrometric evaluation of the metal-ligand complex was carried out.A marked reduction in cell viability (94.81%) relative to untreated controls was observed upon exposure to compound (Quan et al., 2025 (6)), underscoring its strong anticancer activity. Real sample analysis was carried out using wheat flour to demonstrate practical applicability. Furthermore, molecular docking studies of (Quan et al., 2025 (6)) with 5HU9has been performed, showing a binding energy of -12.66 kcal/mol.
The continuously growing interest in sustainable and innovative materials has driven the production of biochar-based bead adsorbents as recoverable and structurally stable alternatives to powdered biochar. Owing to their tunable physicochemical properties, enhanced mechanical stability, and cost-effectiveness, these materials have emerged as promising material for wastewater treatment applications. This review systematically evaluates recent advancements in the synthesis approaches, surface functionalization, and applications of biochar-based beads in wastewater treatment. The primary focus of the present work is to elucidate the adsorption mechanisms, including electrostatic interactions, surface complexation, π-π electron overlap, hydrogen bonding, ligand exchange, and redox processes that govern the adsorbent performance, with a focus on the oxygen-containing functional groups, polymer-derived functional groups, and aromatic domains in bead matrices that influence these mechanisms. The effects of key experimental parameters such as pH, adsorbent dosage, temperature, contact time, and initial pollutant concentration on adsorption efficiency are critically analyzed. In contrast to other review articles that broadly focus on biochar and its applications in wastewater treatment, the present review specifically focuses on biochar-based bead adsorbents, offering in-depth insights into their synthesis-structure-property relationships, adsorption behaviour, and regeneration potential. Furthermore, the review highlights current limitations and outlines future research directions aimed at enhancing selectivity, stability, scalability, and environmental sustainability.
Nitrophenol (NP) and methylene blue (MB) are considered among the most hazardous organic contaminants frequently released from pharmaceutical, textile, and paper industries, posing significant risks to both human health and the environment. The conventional treatment involves adsorption, oxidation, biological, filtration, and other photochemical degradation methods, which often suffer from low efficiency, limited reusability, and the production of secondary toxic by-products. In this context, the nanomaterials (NMs) mediated catalytic reduction of MB into leucomethylene blue and p-NP into p-aminophenol (p-AP) has emerged as a promising approach, due to its high efficiency and effectiveness. This review emphasizes the green synthesis of NMs for catalytic applications, which align with the principles of the circular economy and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This thorough review systematically examines the mechanistic understanding of the reduction of both p-NP and MB via different green synthesized NMs and evaluating their catalytic efficiencies. Furthermore, a detailed discussion of the reduction of pollutants (p-NP and MB) is provided, along with their mechanistic insights. In addition, this paper also provides a comparative table highlighting the effects of using different precursors, experimental conditions on the conversion catalytic efficiency and reusability potency. Thus, this work provides the insights into recent research on the catalytic reduction of p-NP and MB into valuable products, highlighting the significance of green synthesized nanocatalysts for effective wastewater treatment.
Magnesium ferrite (MgFe₂O₄) is increasingly recognised as a sustainable, visible-light-active, and magnetically recoverable photocatalyst for dye degradation. This review provides a comprehensive and critical analysis of the structural, optical, and magnetic characteristics of MgFe2O4. It further examines how synthesis routes, dopant incorporation, and nanostructural morphology influence its photocatalytic efficiency toward Malachite Green degradation. Special emphasis is placed on understanding the mechanistic aspects of photoexcitation, charge-carrier separation, defect engineering, and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) that underpin its catalytic performance. The article further evaluates recyclability, long-term stability, and process scalability, integrating techno-economic and sustainability perspectives which are very crucial for the industrial implementation. Finally, the review identifies existing knowledge gaps and outlines emerging research opportunities aimed at developing an efficient, durable, and truly green MgFe₂O₄-based photocatalytic systems for the sustainable wastewater treatment applications.
