This article develops a comprehensive methodology for analyzing stability of small social systems, which are considered fundamental, self-regulating units of a society. In today's highly dynamic and unstable socioeconomic environment, sustainability of these basic structures is of paramount importance. This paper examines a small social system through the state of three key interrelated characteristics: the material component, which represents the resource base; the information and communication component, which determines the quality of data exchange and the level of social tension; and the energy component, which reflects the level of psychophysiological resources and motivation of participants. To assess each of these com ponents quantitatively, the method for integrated indicators is proposed, aggregating the weighted values of relevant primary metrics. The primary tool for visualization and holistic analysis is the construction of a phase portrait of the system in a three-dimensional space formed by integrated indicators, which allows for identifying zones of high and low system functionality. The quantitative criterion for stability is the dynamics of parameter dispersion in this phase space, estimated using the principal component analysis (PCA), where the measure of dispersion is the sum of the eigenvalues of the covariance matrix. The proposed methodology was tested using a small enterprise team as a case study, demonstrating its practical applicability. The identified oscillatory dynamics of the total variance, with a tendency toward parameter concentration, is interpreted within the framework of catastrophe theory as a sign of a stable but adaptable system state. The developed approach provides the researcher with an integrated toolkit for moving from qualitative description to quantitative diagnostics and monitoring of the resilience of small social systems.
Background. General education institutions are considered an important venue for influencing children's physical activity, given the amount of time spent in school and the schools' potential to reach large numbers of children. Physical education, which develops psychological resilience and motivates young students to achieve, is a necessary component of this psychological and pedagogical process. Purpose. This article examines the assessment of physical fatigue in primary school children to subjectively assess their level of fatigue, energy, and cognitive function in everyday life. It aims to compare the level of physical fatigue in primary schoolchildren participating in various extracurricular sports with that of primary and secondary school children. Methodology. To achieve the study's objective, we analyzed the level of physical fatigue in primary school children in their daily lives for the experimental group of children who participated in additional sports activities and the control group using the "Physical Fatigue of Primary School Children" questionnaire. Statistical comparison of the research results was performed using the Student's t-test. Results. The research results allow to assess the level of physical fatigue experienced by primary school children in their daily lives, bearing in mind their participation in sports activities. Typical features and psychological characteristics of respondents' physical and mental fatigue are identified, considering their subjective assessment of their current state. Practical implications. This diagnostic assessment is a brief and effective self-evaluation tool for identifying chronic fatigue signs and decreased vitality in primary school children in their daily lives. Its results help assess the respondent's resource balance and can serve as foundation for recommendations on rest, routine modification, and referral to a teacher or a school psychologist.
Introduction. The key rate is the main monetary policy instrument through which the central bank influences inflation. However, in practice, a situation is often observed when monetary policy tightening and a significant increase in the key rate do not lead to a rapid and adequate reduction in inflation. This fact indicates the presence of serious problems in the transmission mechanism, which requires an in-depth analysis of this phenomenon’s causes. Theoretical analysis. The article pays special attention to the theoretical foundations of the monetary policy transmission mechanism, the key channels for transmitting signals from the key rate to inflation (interest rate, credit, foreign exchange and others), as well as the factors that can disrupt their operation. In particular, structural features of the economy are considered in detail, such as a high share of monopolized markets, weak competition in the banking sector and low confidence of economic agents in the regulator’s policies, which distort the standard relationships. Empirical analysis. Statistical data on the dynamics of the key rate, inflation, credit and deposit rates, as well as macroeconomic indicators necessary for assessing the effectiveness of the transmission mechanism are analyzed. The calculations and correlation analysis revealed periods and conditions under which the key rate’s impact on inflation was weakened and identified key gaps in the transmission mechanism. Results. Key issues hindering the effective transmission of monetary policy in the current environment were identified. In addition to traditional time lags, the main causes were found to be structural imbalances in the economy, persistently high inflation, and the influence of non-monetary inflationary factors (sanctions, supply chain disruptions), which the key rate cannot directly influence. The analysis showed that, for the Bank of Russia’s measures to have a more effective impact on the economy, simply adjusting the key rate is not enough. Deep structural reforms in the economy must be carried out in parallel.
The article examines the problem of the adaptability of the legal environment of the state in the context of the new information-technological revolution associated with the proliferation of agentic artificial intelligence systems. The author substantiates the thesis that the true legacy of the Roman legal tradition is not a set of specific institutions and constructions, but the very capacity of a legal system for continuous adaptation, demonstrated by the Roman legal order in the creation of the law of nations (jus gentium) as an instrument of proto-globalization. On the basis of an interdisciplinary synthesis of jurisprudence, Stoic philosophy, neuroscience and evolutionary theory, the concept of axiologically rooted law-making is formulated, within which the personality of the law-maker is regarded as an independent factor in the quality of the legal environment. A model of balancing the metric and the meaning-based motivation of the subjects of law-making activity is proposed; the significance of competition among legal orders for human capital and entrepreneurial initiative is revealed; the transformation of the legal profession towards the orchestration of agentic artificial intelligence systems is analysed. It is concluded that the longevity of the state-legal form is ensured by endowing the legal environment with meanings, central among which is the creation of conditions for creative entrepreneurial activity as a source of social well-being.
The rapid development of artificial intelligence technologies is significantly changing work with staff and transforming the recruitment processes particularly. The study pro-vides a detailed analysis for how AI affects the latest recruiting practices: it examines the effects on the speed and quality of hiring, cost optimization, and increased accuracy of management decisions, as well as discusses the associated ethical risks and change of the professional role of HR specialists. The work is based on the combination of different research approaches, including the study of scientific and applied publications, the analysis for corporate cases of Russian and international companies and comparison of the results of the algorithmic tools introduction. This method allows combining theoretical provisions with real practices and demonstrates the specific consequences of integrating AI into selection procedures. The study examines the technologies used in recruitment in detail, including candidate tracking systems, chatbots, automated resume analysis models, and behavioral assessment algorithms. Their impact on key performance indicators is assessed: timing of job closures, cost of hiring, quality of recruitment, and job satisfaction. The practical significance of the work lies in the development of the recommendations for responsible and sustainable use of AI in HR.
