In this study, we construct a type II heterojunction by anchoring WO3-x (WO) quantum dots (QDs) on Zn2.77Cd7.23S10 (ZnCdS) nanoparticles. The activity of the resultant WO QDs-decorated ZnCdS (WO/ZnCdS) heterojunction is evaluated by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) photosynthesis from pure water under visible-light irradiation. The optimized 3WO/ZnCdS heterojunction achieves a remarkable H2O2 production rate of 53.53 +/- 2.26 & micro;M in pure water after visible-light irradiation for 1 h, which is 58.18-fold greater than bare ZnCdS. This exceptional performance is attributed to the construction of the Zn-O-W interfacial electron bridge and optimal intermediate adsorption/desorption capability. Through combined band structure analysis and theoretical calculation, we confirm that the WO/ZnCdS heterojunction follows the type II charge transfer mechanism during photocatalytic H2O2 production. Further investigations via electron paramagnetic resonance, radical trapping experiments, and in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy test reveal that the two-step single-electron oxygen reduction reaction is a main pathway to photosynthesize H2O2 over WO/ZnCdS heterojunction. This work provides a design paradigm for advanced photocatalysts in visible-light-driven H2O2 production. (c) 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.
Ammonia-based selective catalytic reduction (NH3-SCR) stands as the preeminent strategy for NOx mitigation in industrial flue gases. Nonetheless, incumbent V2O5–WO3/TiO2 catalysts are beset by constrained temperature operability, toxicity concerns, inadequate hydrothermal endurance, and susceptibility to SO2/H2O deactivation. Contemporary investigations have converged on advanced structural modulation—encompassing dimensionality, morphology, and pore hierarchy—to augment active-site utilization, acid-base equilibrium, and mass/electron conveyance. Diverging from recent reviews that predominantly address material-centric themes (e.g., Cu-based zeolites or core–shell motifs) or isolated attributes, this contribution furnishes a holistic, multiscale amalgamation of advancements in dimensional modulation (1D nanowires, 2D nanosheets, 3D scaffolds), morphological constructs (rod-like, laminar, core–shell, yolk-shell, hollow configurations), and hierarchical porosity (micro-meso-macro integration). We delineate core mechanisms, including pore-caliber-mediated molecular sieving, steric impediments, diffusion orchestration, and confinement-driven phenomena such as reactant sequestration, oriented translocation, and amplified adsorption-redox sequences. Merging these elements with state-of-the-art in situ/operando spectroscopic elucidations, we extrapolate pragmatic design tenets for low- to medium-temperature NOx abatement catalysts that harmonize exceptional efficacy, longevity, and antitoxin fortitude. This synoptic vista not only expedites the conception of resilient industrial NOx abatement architectures but also proffers an adaptable schema for structure–property refinement in heterogeneous catalysis writ large.
This paper reveals severe liquation cracks induced by borides in the heat-affected zone (HAZ) of fourthgeneration 9Cr martensitic heat-resistant steel, despite the general assumption that martensitic steels exhibit greater resistance to hot cracking. The brittle fracture induced by liquation cracking in HAZ has impeded the development of ultra-supercritical power units. The thermal simulations were performed to reproduce liquation cracks in the simulated HAZ, and the dual-phase M2 B boride-induced constitutional liquation was explicitly identified via multiscale characterization and thermodynamic calculations. The high liquation cracking susceptibility is mainly due to the liquefaction of aggregated micron-scale primary W2 B borides. To mitigate this, electroslag remelting (ESR) was conducted on the as-cast materials to facilitate microstructural refinement and boride dispersion, coupled with compositional regulation of lowering B content to reduce boride precipitation. It is demonstrated that liquation crack susceptibility can be completely suppressed. This study offers theoretical guidance for inhibiting boride-dominated constitutional liquation in novel 9Cr martensitic heat-resistant steels. (c) 2026 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of The editorial office of Journal of Materials Science & Technology.
Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)-assisted mobile edge computing (MEC) can provide delay-sensitive computation services in areas with limited terrestrial infrastructure. In an open service market, however, UAVs are usually owned by self-interested sellers, and a single UAV may not satisfy the deadline, reliability, and energy requirements of a task. This paper studies a multi-task group-selling auction for collaborative offloading in multi-UAV edge networks. Multiple task requesters (TRs) submit heterogeneous task contracts, while ground-side brokers recruit UAV sellers and package them into task-specific offloading services. We formulate the broker-side procurement and allocation problem under residual-energy, deadline, reliability, and budget constraints. To support short trading epochs, we design a three-stage multi-task group-selling auction (MT-GSA), where brokers construct feasible UAV coalitions, compute critical-ask payments for selected UAVs, and compete for TR contracts through a budget-feasible reverse auction. The mechanism preserves service feasibility, provides individual rationality for selected UAVs and winning brokers, and satisfies task-level ask-monotonicity under fixed pre-task residual states and verifiable service parameters. Cross-task state coupling limits this result to task-level threshold payments and does not ensure global strategy-proofness. Simulations show that MT-GSA improves task completion ratio, requester utility, broker utility, and UAV-side participation incentives over representative baselines.
Novel rhodamine dyes with long emission wavelength, large Stokes shift, and adequate chemo/photostablity are sought-after for their broad potential utilities in fluorescence imaging. Herein, by taking advantage of a phenothiazine sulfone moiety as one of the electron donating group, a new family of asymmetric rhodamine dyes PSR1-4 and their esterification derivatives PSR1E-4E were constructed. PSR1-4 and PSR1E-4E displayed impressive photophysical properties including high absorption extinction coefficients (110 0-133,60 0 L mol-1 cm-1 ), relatively long emission wavelength (587-613 nm), large Stokes shifts (43-78 nm), good photostability, excellent chemical stability and adequate fluorescence quantum yield in aqueous solution (1.3 %-15.1 %). Moreover, PSR4E displayed excellent mitochondria targeting property with a corresponding Pearson's correlation coefficient value of 0.92. In addition, PSR4E showed superior photobleaching resistance and cell fixation tolerance than other commercial mitochondria trackers. By taking advantage of PSR4 as the platform, a robust HClO probe PSR4-HClO was developed, which is capable of monitoring the endogenous generated HClO in both living cells and the liver of DILI model mice. We expect that the design strategy utilized in this work may open a new avenue for the development of novel high-performance fluorescent dyes. V. on behalf of Chinese Chemical Society and Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences.
