The paper considers the application of the RRHO and RRAO models (rigid rotor–harmonic oscillator and rigid rotor–anharmonic oscillator) to the calculations of thermodynamic functions ( H^∘ (T) - H^∘ (0) , Φ ^∘ (T) , etc.) of amino acids in the ideal gas state using valine as an example, taking into account internal hindered rotations. The dependence of thermodynamic functions on the number of conformers included in the ensemble is studied. It has been established that the RRHO approximation, when limited to only the main conformer, can be used to quickly estimate the high-temperature components of enthalpy when recalculating the enthalpy of sublimation, obtained according to the second law of thermodynamics, from the experimental temperature to 298.15 K. It has been shown that reliable determination of the enthalpy of sublimation according to the third law of thermodynamics with the least error requires very resource-intensive calculations according to the RRAO model taking into account internal rotations. A compromise option that provides an enthalpy error of 3–4
Aim. To assess the associations of regional living conditions with the probability of hypertension (HTN), disease awareness, pharmacotherapy, and blood pressure monitoring in the elderly population, taking into account comorbidity. Material and methods. The analysis utilized individual data obtained from the ESSE-RF3 cross-sectional epidemiological study, conducted between 2020 and 2022. Regional living conditions were assessed using socio-geographic, demographic, economic, and production and environmental indices. The "Comorbidity of Patients with Noncommunicable Diseases in General Practice: Eurasian Guidelines" document was used to assess comorbid conditions. Logistic regression was used to evaluate associations, calculating odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results. In the sample with comorbid conditions, the HTN probability is associated with an increase in the Demographic Index (OR 1,37; 95% CI: 1,21-1,57). An increase in the Economic Index is associated with a decrease in HTN awareness (OR 0,68; 95% CI: 0,54-0,86). A decrease in pharmacotherapy is associated with an increase in the Production and Environmental Index (OR 0,91; 95% CI: 0,82-1,00). Improvement in blood pressure monitoring is observed with an increase in the SocioGeographical Index (OR 1,21; 95% CI: 1,11-1,32). In a sample without comorbidity, the HTN probability is associated with an increase in the Socio-Geographical Index (OR 1,24; 95% CI: 1,16-1,33), Demographic Index (OR 1,12; 95% CI: 1,04-1,21), and Production and Environmental Index (OR 1,08; 95% CI: 1,02-1,14). Higher awareness is observed with an increase in the Socio-Geographical Index (OR 1,29; 95% CI: 1,121,49). Improved blood pressure monitoring is noted with an increase in the Socio-Geographical Index (OR 1,17; 95% CI: 1,02-1,33). Conclusion. Regional living conditions are associated with the probability, awareness, pharmacotherapy, and monitoring of HTN in the elderly population.
Aim . To study the impact of hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis location on global left ventricular myocardial strain in patients with moderate pretest probability (PTP) of coronary artery disease (CAD). Material and methods . The study included 79 patients with moderate PTP of CAD (median age, 62,0 years; men, 52) who underwent stress echocardiography followed by invasive coronary angiography within 2 months. After stress echocardiography, global longitudinal strain (GLS) and global postsystolic index (GPSI) were determined using speckle‑tracking echocardiography. Hemodynamically significant coronary stenoses were detected in 53 patients, including stenosis of the left anterior descending (LAD) artery in 23 patients, left circumflex (LCx) artery in 16 patients, and right coronary artery (RCA) in 14 patients. Results . In patients with coronary stenosis, median GLS values were lower than in patients without stenosis at rest (18,8 vs 21,9%, p=0,0003) and after exercise (20,3 vs 24,3%, p=0,0001). Median GPSI values were higher in stenosis than without it (at rest 2,94 vs 1,62%, p=0,0091, after exercise 7,88 vs 1,35%, p<0,0001). The resting GLS values for LAD, LCx, and RCA stenosis were 18,4%, 18,5%, and 20,0% (p=0,0008), while after exercise they were 16,9%, 21,1%, and 24,3% (p<0,0001), respectively. The corresponding resting GPSI values were 2,88%, 5,18%, and 2,77% (p=0,0126), while after exercise they were 8,24%, 7,85%, and 4,59% (p<0,0001), respectively. In RCA stenosis, the resting and post‑exercise GLS values and the resting GPSI value did not differ significantly from those in patients without coronary stenosis. Conclusion . In patients with moderate pretest probability (PTP) of CAD, global left ventricular myocardial strain depends not only on the presence of hemodynamically significant coronary stenosis but also on its location. The most pronounced decrease in GLS and increase in GPSI are observed with LAD stenosis, while the least pronounced increase is observed with RCA stenosis.
Neuroinflammation is currently considered the most advanced and comprehensive concept that explains the pathogenesis of a wide range of neurological diseases, from Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis to depression and cognitive impairments. In this context, the role of oxidative stress in initiating and maintaining the inflammatory response in the central nervous system is of particular interest. This review systematizes current data on how a molecular imbalance in the system of oxidants and antioxidants has a multifaceted damaging effect on the cellular structures of the central nervous system, triggering key links in the neuroinflammatory cascade. A deep understanding of this relationship identifies new targets for pathogenetic therapy and opens up prospects for modifying the course of diseases that are part of a neurologist's daily practice.
Background. Modern development of personalized medicine dictates the advisability of a detailed study of the variants of individual-typological variability of the structures of the craniofacial region, as well as the patterns of their interrelations in assessing the harmonious development of the dentoalveolar system. Expanding knowledge about the topographic and anatomical features of the position of the hyoid bone and tongue, as well as their relationships with other structures of the maxillofacial region using digital technologies, will allow individual lizing diagnostics and increasing the effectiveness of therapeutic measures of dentists and related specialists. Goal. Identification of individual-typological variability of the position of the hyoid bone and tongue in adult patients with physiological types of bite based on the results of cephalometric analysis. Materials and methods. Cephalometric analysis of the TRG of the head in the lateral projection (OnDemand3D™ Dental software, CEPH module) was performed in 106 patients aged 18–32 years with physiological types of occlusion. The patients, taking into account the value of the angle of the lower jaw, were divided into three groups: Group 1 – patients (n = 29) with a vertical type of facial skeleton growth; Group 2 – patients (n = 39) with a neutral type of facial skull structure; Group 3 – patients (n = 38) with a horizontal type of facial skeleton growth. To determine the topography of the hyoid bone, linear (H-Me, H-CIII, CIII-Me, H-Н’, H-Х, H-Y) and angular ( Results. In people with the horizontal growth type, the distance H-Me (according to Me) exceeds similar values in people with the neutral type by 1.52 (p≤0.05) times, in the vertical type – by 1.50 (p≤0.05) times, while the increase in the radiographic length of the tongue TGL (according to Me) is not reliable (p≥0.05), and is 1.10 and 1.05 times, respectively. The prevalence of the linear values H-Me and TGL in people of the 3rd group is due to the tendency of the lower jaw to the horizontal growth type. Conclusions. The stability of the hyoid bone topography in patients with physiological occlusion is affected by the inclination of the lower jaw, the growth type (vertical, neutral, horizontal) of the facial part of the head, as well as the position of the head and neck (postural compensation). Studying the position of the tongue on CBCT of the skull in sagittal, frontal projections by assessing the degree of filling of its dome of the palate is an important predictive diagnostic criterion indicating the presence/absence of anatomical and functional disorders in the dental apparatus.
