Love of neighbor holds a prominent place in ethical and theological thinking across many cultures and world religious traditions. While arguably central to the promotion of societal wellbeing and human flourishing, little has been done on its empirical assessment. We present a measure of love of neighbor, grounded in a broader conceptual framework concerning interpersonal love, and examine its psychometric properties using cognitive interviews and analyses from datasets from numerous countries, cultures, and contexts. We present evidence for two distinct facets: unitive and contributory neighbor love. We discuss distinctions of unitive and contributory neighbor love from compassionate love, which might be conceived of as contributory neighbor love within the context of suffering. Psychometric properties of the measure concerning consistency, reliability, internal structure, relations between indicators, and measurement invariance are presented. The measure lays the foundation for future empirical study of the distribution, causes, and consequences of love of neighbor.
Introduction:Global mental health is a growing priority in health and development agendas. However, there is limited evidence on whether scientific research in mental health aligns with the health, societal, and developmental needs of different regions. The aim of this study was to analyze the associations between global mental health research and key indicators in science, health, mental health, and society across world regions. Methods:It was conducted a longitudinal analysis of 386,671 peer-reviewed publications on mental health (1886-2024) using data from five databases. We linked annual publication counts with 60 indicators across four domains (Economy, Development and Education; Global Health; Inequality and Poverty; and Governance and Rights). Associations were evaluated using linear regression models and standardized β₁ coefficients, stratified by World Health Organization regions. Results:Significant regional differences were observed in both publication volume and coherence with contextual indicators. Africa and South-East Asia, despite lower publication rates (<5%), showed strong associations between research output and gross domestic product per capita (β = 0.125, 95% CI: 0.05-0.19, p < 0.01), average years of schooling (β = 526.05, 95% CI: 30.5-1021.5), and physician density (β = 1,289.6, 95% CI: 322.2-2,257.1). Conversely, the Americas and Europe, which accounted for >75% of publications, showed weaker or non-significant associations with mental health burden indicators such as disability-adjusted life years and suicide mortality. Discussion:There is evidence of both alignment and misalignment between global mental health research and global needs. Scientific output does not consistently correspond to indicators of mental health burden or systemic needs.
La hepatitis autoinmune inducida por fármacos (DIAIH, del inglés, Drug-Induced Autoimmune Hepatitis) es una causa infrecuente de lesión hepática inducida por medicamentos que puede simular clínica, serológica e histológicamente a la hepatitis autoinmune idiopática. La metildopa, antihipertensivo de uso habitual durante el embarazo, se ha asociado de manera excepcional con hepatotoxicidad inmunomediada. Se presenta el caso de una mujer de 32 años, gestante de 12 semanas, con hipertensión arterial crónica en tratamiento con metildopa, quien consultó por ictericia, coluria y diarrea de una semana de evolución. Los estudios de laboratorio evidenciaron lesión hepática grave con patrón hepatocelular, hiperbilirrubinemia y coagulopatía. Se descartaron causas virales, tóxicas y metabólicas. El estudio inmunológico mostró anticuerpos antinucleares positivos (1:80) con niveles normales de inmunoglobulina G. La biopsia hepática evidenció hepatitis de interfase con infiltrado inflamatorio portal y necrosis lobulillar. Tras la suspensión de la metildopa y el inicio del tratamiento con prednisolona, se observó rápida mejoría clínica y bioquímica. Este caso resalta la importancia del reconocimiento temprano de la DIAIH en gestantes tratadas con metildopa, dado que la suspensión oportuna del agente causal y el inicio precoz de terapia inmunosupresora se asocian con un pronóstico favorable.
Background Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a leading cause of preventable childhood blindness worldwide. Although timely screening and treatment remain the cornerstone of management, specialist shortages, referral delays, geographic barriers, and unreliable follow-up continue to compromise care delivery in many settings. In response to these challenges, some clinicians have adopted off-label topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug prophylaxis for early-stage disease despite limited supporting evidence. This study compared real-world clinical outcomes associated with topical ketorolac or nepafenac prophylaxis for stage 1–2 ROP with those associated with standard screening and historical surveillance-only care. Methods This multicenter retrospective cohort study included preterm infants screened for ROP at 14 institutions in Colombia. Infants receiving ketorolac or nepafenac prophylaxis (2019–2025) were analyzed separately compared with a historical cohort managed with surveillance only (2011–2018). The same consulting retina specialist performed all examinations and made all treatment decisions. The primary outcome was progression to treatment-requiring ROP by 60 weeks postmenstrual age. Secondary outcomes included time to progression, time to regression without rescue treatment, retreatment, and number of ophthalmic follow-up visits. Results The final analysis cohort included 192 infants: 98 in the nepafenac group, 48 in the ketorolac group, and 46 in the historical comparison group. Progression to treatment-requiring ROP occurred in 20.83% of ketorolac-treated infants and 22.45% of nepafenac-treated infants, compared with 45.65% in the historical cohort (relative risk 0.46 [95% CI 0.24–0.86] and 0.49 [0.30–0.80], respectively; number needed to treat 4 for both). Both agents were associated with fewer follow-up visits and faster regression. After adjustment, ketorolac remained associated with lower odds of progression (odds ratio 0.28 [95% CI 0.09–0.87]). No major prophylaxis-related adverse effects were reported. Conclusions Prophylaxis showed a clinically relevant real-world signal in early-stage ROP, but the adjusted findings were more internally coherent for ketorolac. Randomized controlled trials are needed to determine efficacy, safety, and economic value.
La agenesia dorsal del páncreas (ADP) es una malformación congénita excepcional, resultado de la ausencia parcial o total del brote pancreático dorsal y responsable de menos de 200 casos descritos en la literatura mundial. Se presenta el caso de un varón de 62 años con diabetes mellitus tipo 2 requirente de insulina que acudió por dolor abdominal posprandial e ictericia obstructiva. Las pruebas iniciales mostraron vesícula biliar distendida sin litiasis y colestasis bioquímica. La colangiopancreatografía por resonancia magnética (MRCP) reveló ausencia de cuello, cuerpo y cola pancreáticos, que confirmó ADP, y descartó obstrucción biliar quirúrgica. El manejo fue conservador: hidratación, analgesia, optimización de la insulinoterapia y vigilancia estrecha. El paciente evolucionó con mejoría clínica, normalización de enzimas hepáticas y control glucémico aceptable, y fue dado de alta con seguimiento multidisciplinario para monitorizar complicaciones metabólicas y pancreáticas a largo plazo. Este caso resalta la importancia de incluir la ADP en el algoritmo diagnóstico de ictericia obstructiva no litiásica, así como el papel decisivo de la colangiopancreatografía por resonancia magnética y la ecografía endoscópica para delimitar la anatomía ductal y prevenir intervenciones innecesarias. Además, subraya la necesidad de un enfoque integral que contemple el riesgo elevado de pancreatitis crónica, insuficiencia exocrina y posible transformación neoplásica del remanente ventral.
