Olfactory disorders may be temporary or permanent and can have various causes. Currently, many COVID-19 patients report a reduced or complete loss of olfactory function. A wide range of treatment options have been investigated in the past, such as olfactory training, acupuncture, medical therapy, transcranial magnetic stimulation, or surgical excision of olfactory epithelium, e.g., in severe qualitative smell disorders. The development of a bioelectric nose, e.g., in connection with direct electrical stimulation or transplantation of olfactory epithelium or stem cells, represent treatment options of the future. The basis of these developments and the state of knowledge is discussed in the following work.
In this paper, we explored to develop a new concept of computer- and internet-based learning and training method in medicine, especially in obstetrics and gynecology, which is named as Virtual Academy of Women' Health (VA). Especially in the times of infectious disease pandemics worldwide, learning at home rather than in big lectures hall, might be necessary and practical as never before. The VA is based on worldwide knowledge in medicine—free accessible on the internet—in terms of homepages, video and audio platforms, scientific papers, medical books, and different guidelines. A collection of different video-clips in various fields of women's health can assist the student or doctor in understanding the symptoms, diagnostics, and treatment of various diseases. There are two major targets of it—one is online education, and one is testing the knowledge by simulation of clinical cases.
Einleitung Steigende Kosten und knappe Ressourcen zur Finanzierung der Gesundheitsversorgung unterstreichen die Bedeutung fundierter Wirtschaftlichkeitsanalysen. Wirtschaftlichkeitsanalysen betreffen alle Teilbereiche der Medizin einschließlich der Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde (HNO). Die Tonsillektomie ist eine der häufigsten Operationen in der HNO.
