Islamic University of Indonesia (Universitas Islam Indonesia, abbreviated as UII) is a national private university in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. It was established on 27 Rajab 1364 (Islamic calendar) or on 8 July 1945 as Islamic Higher School (Sekolah Tinggi Islam or STI) by political figures of the day including Dr. Mohammad Hatta, Mohammad Natsir, Mohammad Roem, Wahid Hasyim, and Abdul Kahar Muzakir. STI developed into a university called Universitas Islam Indonesia on 14 December 1947. Historically, UII is the first private university in Indonesia established after Indonesian independence and considered by some as the oldest private university in the country, although Jakarta Theological Seminary actually precedes it in 1934. The university seat is in Sleman, Special Region of Yogyakarta, and has a number of campuses within Yogyakarta city.
The agri-food supply chain system is facing significant challenges due to climate change, food waste, and resource scarcity, dominated by a linear supply chain (LSC). Therefore, this research aims to examine the literature on mathematical modeling that drives a paradigm shift from linear economy to closed-loop (CLSC) and circular economy models. A systematic literature review (SLR) and bibliometric analysis of 194 scientific articles from the Scopus database published between 2015 and 2025 are conducted on mathematical modeling and optimization in agri-food supply chains. The analysis classifies articles based on model complexity, optimization approaches, sustainability dimensions, as well as conceptual and methodological contributions. The results show that there is an increasing trend in articles on circular agri-food supply chains, with a predominant focus on environmental and economic aspects, but the social dimension remains relatively underexplored. This research also presents a comprehensive visualization of circular economy-based supply chain from upstream to downstream is also presented with strategic insights relevant to farmers, processors, distributors, and policymakers. This research identifies gaps and proposes future directions that include the integration of social aspects, digital technologies, and community engagement. The result is expected to serve as a strategic guide for strengthening sustainability policies and practices in the agri-food sector, supporting a sustainable circular transition.
Increasing environmental, social, and economic pressures have compelled small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to pursue ambidextrous strategies that balance exploitation of existing supply chain capabilities with exploration of sustainable innovations. This study develops an integrative framework for assessing Sustainable Supply Chain Ambidexterity (SSCA). It is combining the Best-worst Method (BWM), fuzzy logic, and the Capability Maturity Model (CMM). Fifteen SSCA indicators were identified across economic (supply chain ambidexterity), environment (green ambidexterity innovation), and social (employee ambidexterity) dimensions. The BWM results reveal that economic ambidexterity receives the highest weight (0.501), followed by environmental (0.294) and social (0.205) dimensions. Among fifteen indicators, product innovation (AM1: 0.124) and supplier collaboration (AM5: 0.113) rank as the top priorities, while cross-functional collaboration (EA4: 0.029) ranks lowest. The SSCA Maturity Index across ten SME cases ranges from 3.046 to 5.042, with nine SMEs positioned at the “Defined” level (3.01–5.00) and one SME achieving “Managed” level (5.042). The proposed hybrid BWM-Fuzzy-CMM approach advances both theory and practices by (i) providing a benchmarking index to prioritize SSCA indicators, and (ii) offering a maturity roadmap that captures SMEs’ staged progression toward sustainability ambidexterity. The findings highlight a resource-driven prioritization path, where economic imperatives anchor the transition toward environmental and social dimensions. Managerially, the framework enables SMEs to allocate resources efficiently by targeting high-weight indicators (e.g., AM1 and AM5) and systematically advancing from Defined to Optimizing maturity stages, with a specific roadmap to elevate employee ambidexterity which currently contributes only 0.205 to the SSCA index. However, findings are context-bound to Indonesian SMEs, requiring cross-cultural validation before broader generalization.
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented an unprecedented global challenge, significantly impacting public health, economies, and daily life worldwide. In response to this crisis, scientists and researchers around the world have worked tirelessly to understand the virus, its transmission dynamics, and most importantly, to develop effective vaccines. However, questions remain about the comparative effectiveness of these vaccines, particularly in real-world scenarios. This paper aimed to address this critical issue by employing advanced statistical techniques, including time-varying copulas. In this study, we employed four types of copula, namely Gaussian, Student-t, Clayton, and Gumbel, to model the temporal association between vaccination and the emergence of COVID-19 cases. The results of this study suggested that the number of subsequent vaccinations, especially the first to fourth vaccines, has a significant impact on the occurrence and spread of COVID-19 under particular conditions. Furthermore, we proposed several modeling scenarios for COVID-19 cases based on their temporal interactions with the number of subsequent vaccinations. The findings of this research provided a comprehensive understanding of the temporal relationship between vaccination and its impact on reducing COVID-19 cases.
The long history of reforming Islamic Family Law in the Muslim world began in the 20th century when Turkey became the first Muslim country to pioneer this reform. These reforms greatly influenced the reform of Islamic family law in Egypt and provided a more forward-looking color compared to what was previously done, the impetus for reform and reform of Islamic law in Egypt came from within the Islamic tradition itself and from outside the Islamic tradition. In addition to reforming family law in general, Egypt has also reformed the concept of inheritance law regarding wajibat for orphan grandchildren, which actually does not discuss this matter in classical books. Egypt regulates the issue of compulsory wills in the Egyptian Law, namely Law no. 71 of 1946 concerning inheritance, Egypt introduced a new concept in terms of inheritance for orphaned grandchildren who are usually considered as dzawil arham who are prevented from obtaining inheritance, so they are now entitled to inheritance by using the mandatory will. The concept of wills, mandatory, for inheritance for orphaned grandchildren does not exist in classical jurisprudence, and it appears that Egypt is trying to reform the law by inventing new laws or rechtsvinding, in order to find a solution to the inheritance problems that occur in Egypt.
Substantive justice in corruption cases can only be achieved if judges dare to redefine themselves as reflective and transformative actors. This study aims to analyse and formulate a reimagining of the judge’s role in achieving substantive justice in corruption cases in Indonesia. This study employs a juridical-normative approach, enriched by a socio-legal perspective, within an exploratory-analytical qualitative research design. The findings unequivocally challenge the judicial orthodoxy that positions judges merely as enforcers of norms, by asserting that in corruption cases, a rigidly neutral stance risks reproducing structural injustice. Thus, the reconstruction of the judge’s role as an architect of substantive justice is no longer an option, but a normative and ethical imperative. This study offers a novel approach through a critical synthesis of judicial independence, legal politics, and a sentencing paradigm that positions judges as reflective actors who dare to interpret the law progressively while remaining accountable, thereby simultaneously integrating deterrence, the recovery of state losses, and social justice. The implications call for fundamental reform of the penal system, the strengthening of protections for judicial independence against the pressures of populism and power, and a transformation of legal education that is no longer merely legalistic.
