University of Boyacá

The article examinesthe methodological challenges involved in capturing the urban representations of children and young people, a group whose spatial experience deserves further enrichment and documentation in urban studies. With the aim of exploring tools for understanding these perceptions, the study analyzes the pilot testing of three participatory mapping exercises carried out in Tunja, Colombia, as part ofthe training strategies in research methodology and practice ofthe Graphic Design program at the Universidad de Boyac & aacute;. The methodology combined observation, graphic data collection, and qualitative analysis of the maps produced. The results show that these practices make it possible to identify significant elements of urban experience, as well as patterns of space use and appropriation. Advantages highlighted include participation and the generation of a sense of community; however, limitations were also recognized, such as biases introduced by accompanying adult and difficulties in participant selection. It is concluded that these exercises contribute to the study of urban representations and enrich the methodological debate on how to approach citizens'perceptions of childhood and youth.

Listeria monocytogenes (LM) rhombencephalitis is a rare but severe manifestation of neurolisteriosis, typically reported in immunocompromised or elderly patients and often associated with high morbidity and mortality. We describe a 66-year-old immunocompetent man who presented initially with peripheral facial paralysis, an uncommon early manifestation reflecting cranial neuritis, before rapidly developing brainstem dysfunction, respiratory failure, and multiple abscesses. Diagnosis was confirmed by cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and blood cultures, and despite targeted antimicrobial therapy the patient developed severe neurological sequelae. This case underscores that cranial neuritis may present as an early clue of neurolisteriosis.

Introducción: El ondansetrón, un antagonista potente y selectivo de los receptores 5 hidroxitriptamina 3, por lo que ha sido utilizado como antiemético, y era considerado como un fármaco seguro por su baja tasa de efectos adversos, sin embargo, algunos estudios han demostrado que puede generar complicaciones severas. El objetivo del manuscrito es presentar el caso clínico de un paciente pediátrico que falleció por complicaciones relacionadas con el uso de ondasentron. Caso clínico: Paciente femenina de 11 meses de edad quien fue llevada por presentar intolerancia a la vía oral, emesis de gasto moderado y episodios diarreicos de 4 días de evolución asociado a deshidratación. Ante esto se decidió iniciar reposición de líquidos endovenosos y adicionalmente se administró única dosis de ondasentron, donde la paciente presentó paro cardiorespiratorio no reversible dos horas después. La autopsia clínica no reportó hallazgos relacionados al fallecimiento, sin embargo, no se descartó una posible arritmia relacionada con la administración del medicamento. Conclusiones: El ondansetrón es eficaz como antiemético y tiene un perfil de seguridad relativamente favorable, sin embargo, se justifica la conciencia de los distintos riesgos de su uso. Varios estudios han reportado que este fármaco presenta cardiotoxicidad, donde se han encontrado asociado a alteraciones electrolíticas, arritmias cardiacas e incluso paradas cardíacas. El caso llama la atención dado que ante un cuadro de diarrea y deshidratación en el que se había logrado controlar los demás factores, se trata de un ddiagnóstico que no es del todo contundente dado que los eventos cardíacos y arritmias suceden durante la administración del medicamento y no es común que suceda horas después. Una anamnesis es importante para estos casos, sin embargo, no hay un factor específico a tener presente, además un ECG inicial normal no garantiza una infusión segura de este fármaco.

This study evaluated the ability of filamentous fungi to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The nitrate reductase activity of the selected fungi, considered a key enzyme involved in AgNP biosynthesis, was assessed as a selection criterion. AgNPs were mycosynthesized using Fusarium equiseti AM-0197, F. cerealis AM-0206, F. oxysporum AM-0192, Alternaria scrophulariae AM-0187, and Aspergillus sp. (1-HSF-08 and 3-HSF-02) isolates. The synthesized AgNPs were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Zeta potential analysis. In all cases, spherical AgNPs were obtained, with maximum absorption peaks ranging from 400 to 420 nm. XRD analysis demonstrated a face-centered cubic crystalline structure, whereas Zeta potential measurements revealed a negative surface charge. FTIR analysis indicated the presence of organic functional groups on the nanoparticle surface acting as capping agents. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized nanomaterials was evaluated against reference strains of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, two major foodborne pathogens, using the disk diffusion method. Inhibition zones ranged from 11.3 to 13.6 mm for E. coli ATCC 25922 and from 9.3 to 15.0 mm for S. aureus ATCC 43300. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) determined by microdilution was 37.5 ppm for all AgNPs tested against E. coli, whereas MIC values against S. aureus ranged from 18.7 to 75 ppm depending on the nanoparticle evaluated. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of mycosynthesized AgNPs as next-generation antibacterial agents for the in vitro control of foodborne bacterial pathogens.

Introduction and objectives: Postoperative atrial fibrillation is the most frequent arrhythmia after cardiac surgery and is associated with cardiovascular events and increased mortality. The aim of this study was to identify predictors of atrial fibrillation after cardiac surgery and to develop a prediction tool. Methods: Retrospective cohort study conducted in a referral hospital in Colombia. Patients aged >= 18 years who underwent any type of cardiac surgery between January and December 2022 were included. Postoperative atrial fibrillation was the primary outcome. Clinical, surgical, and postoperative variables were collected. Bivariable analyses and binary logistic regression with backward selection were performed. Discrimination was assessed using the ROC area under the curve (AUC), and calibration was evaluated, with optimism correction through bootstrap resampling (B = 1000) and a 70/30 split-sample approach. Results: A total of 149 patients were analyzed (mean age 62.3 +/- 12.1 years; 72.5% male), and the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation was 20.8%. In the multivariable model, a high EuroSCORE II (>5%) (OR 3.63; 95% CI 1.35-9.80; p = 0.011) and longer duration of mechanical ventilation (per hour) (OR 1.019; 95% CI 1.006-1.032; p = 0.003) were independently associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation. The EVAF score showed an AUC of 0.709 (95% CI 0.601-0.817) with good overall calibration; a cutoff of >= 14% was associated with higher risk (OR 3.44). Conclusions: The EVAF score integrates baseline risk and early postoperative course to provide dynamic risk stratification for postoperative atrial fibrillation, showing moderate discrimination and adequate calibration. External validation and prospective multicenter evaluation are required before clinical implementation.