Ural State Medical University

In this study, we proposed for the first time a synthetic route to 4-aminomethyl 1,3-dihydroxyacridones and their 5-aza derivatives using Mannich reaction between 1,3-dihydroxyacridones and aliphatic amines. This approach offers several advantages, including high product yields, controllable reaction selectivity, and easy handling of reaction. As a result of this study, five acridone Mannich bases were synthesized, and their anticancer evaluation reveals moderate activity against the HCT 116 colorectal cancer (IC50 up to 86 μM, SI > 1.1) and HuTu 80 duodenal adenocarcinoma (IC50 up to 38 μM, SI > 2.7) cell lines.

The design of spherical ferrogels (FG) for biomedical applications to improve their biocompatibility and visualization is described. Hydrogels and FG with a diameter of 2.2 mm are synthesized based on calcium alginate and maghemite magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The elastic properties of the samples are determined by solving the Hertzian contact problem for the deformation of spheres, and the echogenicity is determined using a medical ultrasound device based on the intensity of the echo signal reflected from the spheres (brightness). The addition of 10-wt-

Objectives . The prevalence of nutritional status disorders among Russian children has been studied in various research. Meanwhile, a lack of standardized regional data obtained at the population level remains, as well as information on the factors associated with such disorders in younger schoolchildren. Objective. The aim of the study is to study the prevalence and risk factors (behavioral, familial, biological) of nutritional status disorders in primary schoolchildren. Methods . The study included children aged 6–9 years who underwent an anthropometric survey in Yekaterinburg schools in 2020. Information on the socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics of children was gathered by interviewing their parents. To determine nutritional status disorders, a standardized body mass index (SDS BMI) was calculated by the LMS method. Malnutrition was diagnosed at SDS values of BMI < –2.0; overweight — at values from +1.0 to +2.0 SDS; obesity — at values > +2.0 SDS. The factors associated with SDS BMI were analyzed by a General Lineal Model (GLM). Results . The study involved 2,991 children, age of 7.6 ± 0.3 years. Normal nutritional status was diagnosed in 1831 (61.2%) children, malnutrition — in 481 (16.1%) children, overweight — in 430 (14.4%) children, obesity — in 249 (8.3%) children. The sex of the child (for male versus female, = –0.18; p = 0.050), BMI of the mother ( = 0.045; p < 0.001) and BMI of the father ( = 0.046; p < 0.001), height ( = 0.062; p < 0.001) and body weight of the child at the birth ( = 0.0002; p = 0.030) were associated with SDS BMI. These factors explained (R2) 17.7% of the variance of the dependent variable. Conclusion . More than a third of primary schoolchildren had nutritional status disorders, and almost one in ten was obese. Biological, behavioral, and family factors were associated with their BMI. The latter should be considered when designing preventive programs aimed at primary schoolchildren and their family members.

The article presents the results of a theoretical analysis on the problem of studying the reproductive culture of behavior and the development of commitment to conscious parenting among students in an educational environment. Methodological approaches to the study of the peculiarities of attitudes towards parenthood, family life and the birth of children in people of reproductive age are considered in detail, the problem of defining the scientific concept of "reproductive culture of behavior" is revealed, scientific approaches to parenthood are considered, scientific concepts such as "conscious parenting" and "responsible parenting" are analyzed. The author's definition of the scientific concept "culture of reproductive behavior" is presented, and a model for the formation of a reproductive culture of behavior among students in an educational environment is formed. Based on the analysis of empirical and theoretical data, the authors have proved that psychological and pedagogical support is one of the effective methods of forming or improving the reproductive culture of behavior among students. A model of psychological and pedagogical support is presented, aimed at developing a culture of reproductive behavior and a conscious attitude towards parenthood among students.

Цель работы — выявление особенностей компонентов постурального баланса у пожилых женщин со страхом вероятных падений (СВП). Были обследованы 150 женщин 63–74 года, испытавшие два и более падений в течение 12 мес (постуральная нестабильность). В группу исследования были включены женщины, у которых было выявлено наличие страха падений. В группу сравнения были включены женщины без страха падений. Для оценки компонентов постурального баланса проводили Sensory Organization Test (SOT) и Motor Control Test (MCT) компьютерной динамической постурографии «Smart Equitest Balance Manager». На основании анализа SOT и MCT, у пожилых женщин со страхом падений наблюдали снижение общей постуральной устойчивости и автоматического постурального контроля, дефицит вестибулярной информации в контроле над балансом, а также повышение времени скоординированных моторных реакций. Кроме этого, у данной группы женщин отмечено увеличение скорости и площади колебательных движений центра тяжести при поддержании статодинамического баланса. Полученные результаты указывают, что развитие страха падений у пожилых женщин с постуральной нестабильностью есть следствие ухудшения у них не только чувства постуральной стабилизации, но и ориентации, приводящего к снижению пространственных взаимоотношений с внешней средой, что значительно повышает риски последующих паданий. При этом снижение нейромышечного и вестибулярного контроля в постуральном равновесии можно рассматривать как важные, а возможно, и первостепенные факторы развития данной фобии у пожилых женщин с постуральной нестабильностью. The present study was aimed at identifying the characteristics of the components of postural balance in elderly women with a fear of falling (FOF). A total of 150 women aged 63–74 years who had experienced two or more falls within 12 months (postural instability) were examined. The study group included women who were found to have a fear of falling. The comparison group included women without the fear. To assess the components of postural balance, the Sensory Organization Test (SOT) and Motor Control Test (MCT) on the Smart Equitest Balance Manager computer complex of dynamic posturography were performed. Analysis of the SOT and MCT results revealed that elderly women with a fear of falling experienced decreased general postural stability and automatic postural control, reduced vestibular information in balance control, and increased time of coordinated motor reactions. In addition, this group of women showed an increase in the speed and area of oscillatory movements of the center of gravity while maintaining static-dynamic balance. The obtained results of the study indicate that the development of fear of falls in elderly women with postural instability is a consequence of the deterioration of not only their sense of postural stabilization, but also orientation, leading to reduced spatial relationships with the external environment, which significantly increases the risk of subsequent falls. Moreover, the decrease in neuromuscular and vestibular control in postural balance can be considered as important, and possibly even primary factors in the development of this phobia in elderly women with postural instability.