Ural State Medical University

In this study, we proposed for the first time a synthetic route to 4-aminomethyl 1,3-dihydroxyacridones and their 5-aza derivatives using Mannich reaction between 1,3-dihydroxyacridones and aliphatic amines. This approach offers several advantages, including high product yields, controllable reaction selectivity, and easy handling of reaction. As a result of this study, five acridone Mannich bases were synthesized, and their anticancer evaluation reveals moderate activity against the HCT 116 colorectal cancer (IC50 up to 86 μM, SI > 1.1) and HuTu 80 duodenal adenocarcinoma (IC50 up to 38 μM, SI > 2.7) cell lines.

Relevance. In children aged 6–9 years, the most common modifiable risk factors for dentofacial abnormalities were premature loss of primary molars and altered anatomical form of the primary molars, both of which contribute to the development of deep bite and Class II malocclusion. In combination with delayed attrition of the primary canines, these factors significantly influence the development and severity of dentofacial abnormalities. Timely correction of these modifiable factors through preventive interventions is essential for reducing the risk and severity of dentofacial abnormalities. Materials and methods . A retrospective analysis was conducted of the dental records of 245 children aged 6–9 years who presented for treatment to a pediatric dentist. The study recorded the frequencies of premature loss of primary molars, altered anatomical form of primary molars, and delayed attrition of the primary canines as risk factors for dentofacial abnormalities. Interarch relationships were assessed, and the severity of dentofacial abnormalities was evaluated. Results. Retrospective analysis of the dental records showed that, among children aged 6–9 years, altered anatomical form of the primary molars in combination with Class II malocclusion and deep bite was the most common finding, observed in 54.2% of cases. Conclusion . Altered anatomical form of the primary molars contributes to the development of Class II malocclusion and deep bite and is associated with greater severity of dentofacial abnormalities.

Relevance. The prevalence of crossbite in children and adults across different populations ranges from 4% to 23%. During the primary and mixed dentition periods, unilateral posterior crossbite accompanied by a functional mandibular shift is most frequently observed. This condition may result in altered neuromuscular equilibrium and asymmetric mandibular growth. Conventional orthodontic management is primarily focused on maxillary expansion, whereas insufficient attention is often paid to correction of mandibular position. Case presentation. This article presents a clinical case of orthodontic treatment in a patient with unilateral posterior crossbite associated with a functional mandibular shift. The proposed author-developed treatment approach involves simultaneous maxillary expansion and mandibular repositioning, enabling functional correction at an early stage of occlusal development. Conclusion. Application of this orthodontic treatment method allows rapid establishment of normal occlusal relationships. The approach promotes symmetrical mandibular growth and contributes to the prevention of dentofacial asymmetry.

The design of spherical ferrogels (FG) for biomedical applications to improve their biocompatibility and visualization is described. Hydrogels and FG with a diameter of 2.2 mm are synthesized based on calcium alginate and maghemite magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). The elastic properties of the samples are determined by solving the Hertzian contact problem for the deformation of spheres, and the echogenicity is determined using a medical ultrasound device based on the intensity of the echo signal reflected from the spheres (brightness). The addition of 10-wt-

Aim: to present clinical guidelines describing the clinical, laboratory, endoscopic and histological characteristics of autoimmune gastritis (AIG) and to provide information support for decision-making on diagnosis, prognosis assessment and choice of management tactics for patients with AIG.Key points. AIG is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by the presence of antibodies to parietal cells and/or intrinsic factor, in which inflammation and atrophy are limited to the gastric mucosa, functionally manifesting as hypo- and achlorhydria. There is evidence of an increase in the incidence of AIG worldwide. AIG is often associated with autoimmune thyroiditis (up to 40 % of cases), type 1 diabetes mellitus, and autoimmune polyglandular syndrome. Data on laboratory diagnostic methods, esophagogastroduodenoscopy, and histological examination of biopsies are presented, with an analysis of the endoscopic and histological picture typical of AIG. When AIG is combined with H. pylori infection, eradication therapy is recommended. In addition to symptomatic treatment and treatment of anemia, long-term rebamipide therapy is recommended to potentiate the protective properties of the gastric mucosa. Endoscopic monitoring of patients with AIG is recommended at intervals of once every 3 years.