Large freshwater mussels, also known as naiads, are important organisms that provide crucial ecosystem functions and services but are experiencing significant declines across Europe. To ensure effective conservation, it is essential to have a well-coordinated monitoring scheme. Therefore, we analyzed the functioning of naiad monitoring systems in 31 European countries. Monitoring of naiad populations is not coordinated in Europe, is largely unrelated to monitoring of water quality or host fish species, and receives irregular funding. Raw data on monitored species are typically unavailable, which hampers independent and/or large-scale analyses. The quality of EU monitoring schemes according to Article 17 of the Habitats Directive is poor for the most threatened species. To improve this, a new scheme is recommended with raw data stored in publicly available repositories to enable instant analysis and rapid, appropriate, evidence-based responses that can support the conservation of this imperilled taxon.
The research paper provides a comprehensive retrospective analysis of the evolution of theories of network organizations, from classical economic concepts of the 18th-19th centuries to modern models of the digital network economy. The purpose of the study is to systematize key theoretical approaches to understanding network organizations and to justify their significance for the development of accounting methodology in the context of network interactions among business entities. The research uses methods of historical and logical analysis, systematization and generalization of scientific concepts, and interdisciplinary synthesis. It is established that the development of theories of network organizations is the result of a long-term interdisciplinary synthesis of economic, sociological, and managerial scientific traditions. Five key stages of evolution are identified: classical economic theories that formed the fundamental dichotomy of the market and hierarchy; neoclassical and institutional theory of the firm, which substantiated the network as a hybrid form of coordination; sociological concepts that legitimized the role of trust and social ties in economic activity; management theories that operationalized the concept of a network organization for business practice; modern concepts of strategic alliances, clusters, and platform ecosystems. Specific consequences of the development of theories of network organizations for the accounting system are identified, in particular the need to rethink the accounting unit in the context of interorganizational interaction; the need to isolate transaction costs as an independent object of management accounting; improving the methodology for accounting for intangible assets; expanding the requirements for disclosing information about network relationships in financial and integrated reporting. The results of the study can be used to develop methodological principles of accounting in the context of a network economy.
Sustainable economic and social development is inextricably linked to a country’s food security. This issue takes on particular significance in the context of global crises, geopolitical instability, and environmental challenges. Disruptions in logistics, volatile prices on global food markets, and the depletion of natural resources all require a comprehensive approach and strategic decisions at both the state and community levels. The aim of the study is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the current state of economic and food security based on analytical data, identifying key issues and developing proven strategic solutions to address them in the long term. The study focuses on the following areas: enhancing management efficiency; accelerating the transfer of innovative technologies for agricultural development; expanding and intensifying international cooperation to increase security; ensuring socio-economic growth. The use of modern strategic tools and benchmarking methods allows us to identify the basic threats and challenges in the global world. The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification allows for the analysis of the Global Food Security Index in 2022, which is directly related to countries with different socio-economic statuses. Gross domestic product and key macroeconomic indicators, such as international trade, foreign direct investment, and political stability, are interrelated, as are defense expenditures. Regression analysis has proven this with an approximation equation. The paper pays special attention to the role of the state and its policy on the rapid real implementation of innovations in the agricultural sector. The results of the study can be used to develop strategies capable of ensuring the country’s economic development and changing the level of food security of the state. The results of the study provide a basis for the implementation and practical application of a flexible strategy capable of ensuring stable economic development and food security against the backdrop of contemporary challenges and dynamic global changes.
The article presents a digital model for selecting the optimal transport type for hauling dimension stone blocks in quarry operations. The model integrates fuel consumption, transportation cost, block geometry, and pollutant emissions, providing a combined techno-economic and environmental assessment of transportation scenarios. Developed in Google Colab with Python, it ensures flexibility and is linked to Google Sheets for real-time data input without additional software. Key parameters include transport type, road gradient, traction coefficients, equipment productivity, seasonality, fuel use, and emissions of CO₂, NOₓ, SO₂, and PM.The model was tested on production data from the Southern section of the Mezhyrichchia quarry using a CAT 980H wheel loader and a KrAZ-65055 dump truck. Results show that optimized transportation scenarios can cut fuel consumption by up to 31% and reduce costs per 1 m³ by 26%. At the same time, emissions per 1 m³ of commercial stone blocks can be lowered by up to 30% through appropriate equipment selection and reduced idle trips. The model can serve as a decision-support tool in real-time quarry operations, helping minimize fuel overuse and ecological risks. Adapted for small-scale enterprises, it can also be implemented as a mobile application.
This article explores a rethinking of the revenue generation model in the small-scale hotel industry operating in the eco-niche. The authors argue for a shift away from the outdated strategy of selling "room nights" in favor of the modern concept of the "experience economy". The relevance of the topic stems from the transformation of consumer behavior in the hospitality sector, where the traditional model of selling accommodation services is gradually losing its effectiveness. Today’s guest expects not only comfortable accommodations but also a comprehensive emotional experience that combines recreation, personalized service, an authentic environment, and an individual approach. For small eco-hotels, which have a limited number of rooms and cannot compete with large chains in terms of infrastructure scale, it is precisely these additional services that become a key tool for increasing profitability and strengthening their competitive position in the market. The aim of the study is to provide a theoretical rationale and develop a model of additional services for small eco-hotels aimed at increasing the ADR (Average Daily Rate), raising the average guest spend, and fostering long-term customer loyalty. The object of the study is the operational activities of small-scale eco-hotels, specifically regarding the provision of core and ancillary services, while the subject is the organizational and economic mechanisms for stimulating additional sales through the Front Office. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of the receptionist’s role from that of a technical clerk to an "experience manager" or concierge specialist who creates a personalized itinerary for the guest’s stay. The article proposes an original model for packaging additional services, which includes three key areas: "Eco-Activity", "Deep Relaxation", and "Local Taste". Each package is tailored to specific guest needs and is based on the principles of personalization and sustainability. The proposed model is implemented through the integration of cross-selling and up-selling techniques into the communication script between front-office staff and the guest during check-in. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the development of an algorithm for transforming an additional service into an emotionally oriented hotel product with high margins. The practical value of this work lies in the creation of a ready-to-implement model for managing upselling in small eco-hotels in Ukraine, which can be adapted to the specific characteristics of a particular region or the establishment’s concept. The aim of this study is to develop and theoretically substantiate an applied model for ancillary services. This model is based on monetizing a location’s recreational potential through personalized service, which ultimately leads to maximizing the ADR and fostering a lasting emotional connection with the guest. The focus of this study is the operational activities of small eco-friendly lodging facilities in terms of providing core and ancillary services. The study examines organizational algorithms and economic incentives for generating additional sales through the front desk, tailored to the needs of today’s consumers. A combined scientific approach was used in the preparation of this article. Systematic analysis was employed to deconstruct the structure of the hotel product in the eco-segment. Sociological tools (a survey via Google Forms) allowed us to obtain «real-time» data on the preferences of Generation Z and their actual willingness to pay for emotional experiences. Economic modeling was applied to verify the hypothesis regarding increased profitability: we compared a «basic» room rental model with an integrated service model. An analysis of the survey results revealed a shift in the consumer paradigm: 90% of guests are focused on active relaxation (spas, hot tubs), while 60% expect the front desk staff not merely to hand out keys, but to act as local experts ("guides"). The article proposes proprietary service packages ("Eco-Activity", "Deep Relaxation", "Local Taste") and outlines the mechanics of promoting them through cross-selling techniques. Calculations confirmed that such a service transformation can increase the average check by 43.6%, which is a critical indicator for the profitability of small recreational projects. The results of the analysis show that by 2026, the competitiveness of an eco-hotel will be determined not only by interior design, but also by the quality of the guest’s "stay experience". Transforming the Front Office into "experience management" through the Concierge-driven service model allows small establishments to successfully compete with large chains. The scientific novelty lies in the proposed algorithm, which transforms an abstract "atmosphere" into a concrete, high-margin hotel product. The practical value of the work lies in a ready-to-implement methodology for increasing profitability that can be adapted for any eco-hotel in Ukraine.
