The approach of Climodiversity and the inventory of climatesites do not exist in the scientific literature. Although relevant, especially in the context of climate change, such represent gaps in Geosciences, as well as in Geographic Science, emphasizing the need to include these themes in the dimensions of Geodiversity and Geopatrimony, especially in the Amazon region, where the climate can be recognized as Brazilian abiotic and immaterial heritage. While the studies in Geodiversity are mostly limited to geological and geomorphological aspects, Climodiversity proposes an innovative paradigm for Geoconservation, integrating the climate dimension to the discussion. With the objective of qualifying climatesites, the methodology adopted in this study was supported by the integrated approach of Geodiversity and Geopatrimony, aiming to identify, characterize and categorize climatesites of Climodiversity in the state of Amap & aacute;, as an innovative dimension in the field of Geoconservation. The categorization of potential climatesites considered theoretical-conceptual aspects and empirical data, having Climodiversity as a central dimension. For the qualification of areas of interest, we considered the occurrences of rare climatic phenomena and their scientific relevance and specific environmental interactions. As a result, three potential climatesites were identified with unique climatic characteristics and relevance to Geoconservation: the mouth of the Amazon River; the areas of Ressaca areas of Macap & aacute;; and the Serra do Navio. In this context, this study strengthens the paradigm of Geoconservation in the climate sphere and also reinforces the scientific bases of environmental planning and mitigation of climate change, given the pressure of human societies on ecosystems.
O Pontal do Paranapanema, localizado no extremo-oeste do estado de São Paulo é um território marcado por intensas disputas pela posse da terra. Este processo ajudou a criar uma das maiores concentrações de assentamentos de reforma agrária do país. Assim, a expansão das pastagens e, mais recentemente, o agronegócio canavieiro, configuram um modelo produtivo baseado, entre outros elementos, na concentração fundiária, contrapondo-se aos modelos praticados nos assentamentos. Com base nos estudos sobre histórico de ocupação do Pontal do Paranapanema, nos dados de propriedades rurais, dispostos na plataforma do INCRA, e nos conceitos de Fragilidade Ambiental (Ross, 1994), buscou-se investigar o caráter qualitativo das terras da região, principalmente quanto à susceptibilidade a processos erosivos. O resultado apontou para uma desigual distribuição de terras, direcionando para a reforma agrária propriedades com elevados graus de susceptibilidade à erosão, enquanto áreas menos privilegiadas foram transformadas em assentamentos rurais.
Este trabalho busca compreender como são definidas as fronteiras de espaços normativos de assentamentos irregulares urbanos de baixa renda no contexto brasileiro. O texto parte de dados de uma pesquisa sobre a regulação de espaços públicos desenvolvida entre 2019 e 2021 em um pequeno complexo que compreende duas vilas populares e um loteamento irregular na periferia de Porto Alegre. Esta investigação dialoga com a agenda de pesquisa sobre “direito das favelas”, que, a partir do pressuposto do pluralismo jurídico, investiga a regulação por normas estatais e não-estatais da vida social em assentamentos populares na América Latina. Além disso, parte-se de conceitos de estudos da geografia jurídica, sobretudo a partir de contribuições da antropologia do direito a essa agenda de pesquisas na última década. Os resultados indicam que a demarcação de fronteiras entre esses espaços normativos envolve interações entre normas comunitárias e espacialidades demarcadas pela regulação estatal. No entanto, eles também evidenciam que a construção dessas territorialidades, ao contrário de fronteiras típicas da regulação estatal, é marcada por uma fluidez, variando com o passar do tempo e com a ocorrência de novos eventos sociais relevantes para a regulação da vida local.
O Brasil enfrenta desafios para garantir uma educação de qualidade, com disparidades persistentes no acesso às escolas e permanência dos alunos. Este artigo analisa o fechamento de escolas no campo no Brasil e as políticas associadas a esse processo. A partir de dados do INEP e dos censos demográficos do IBGE, verificou-se a redução de escolas no campo de 118.996, em 1999, para 54.730, em 2019. Isso equivale a uma média de quase 3.000 escolas fechadas por ano, ou a oito a cada dia. Embora a população urbana tenha crescido, a redução de escolas no campo foi desproporcional, apontando para uma negligência em relação à política de educação contextualizada, agravando desigualdades e comprometendo a diversidade cultural e socioeconômica.
Em vista da difusão das empresas-plataforma de transporte por aplicativo digital, incluindo sua chegada às cidades médias, a exemplo de Marabá, o presente trabalho procura analisar como as novas coalizões trabalho-política-espaço urbano afetam o uso do território na cidade, enfatizando a precarização das relações de trabalho e os limites do poder público local, pois trabalho precário tem como correspondente espaço precário, afetando o direito à cidade. Incialmente, destaca-se a ação territorial da empresa-plataforma Uber e similares na expansão do capitalismo de plataforma em direção as cidades médias, como Marabá. Em seguida, demonstra-se a apropriação do espaço herdado pelas empresas-plataforma com a materialização das operações dos seus aplicativos e o uso dessa tecnologia pelos trabalhadores uberizados na oferta serviços de transporte na cidade, com os conflitos resultantes. Por fim, o artigo ressalta como as empresas, os trabalhadores e poder público local ajustam e acomodam as suas ações no espaço urbano, com implicações no direito à cidade. Constata-se que a chegada das plataformas digitais e aplicativos à cidade de Marabá potencializou o processo de precarização do trabalho e as novas formas de exploração do espaço urbano, com sua igual precarização.
O debate sobre o fim da escala 6X1 tem povoado as discussões políticas e econômicas no Brasil. Essa escala, na perspectiva dos trabalhadores, traduz o intenso processo de precarização do trabalho. Na perspectiva patronal, entretanto, o fim da escala 6X1, de acordo com os discursos mais recorrentes, teria impacto negativo no PIB, na geração de emprego e na produtividade do trabalho. Os argumentos patronais são explorados e criticados nesse estudo que é complementado, ainda, com dados de uma pesquisa realizada com 3.775 trabalhadores da escala 6X1.
This article aims at analyzing the perception of local managers regarding tourism development and the territorial planning of Campos do Jord & atilde;o, in order to detect the relationships and influences of these processes for territorial management. The analysis is based on the content of interviews performed with 16 public and private managers involved in the local territorial planning process. It is a descriptive research, based on a case study, deductive reasoning method and quanti-qualitative analysis. The results denote that the managers understand the main relationships between tourist activity and the need to develop specific public policies, but there are difficulties for implementation. Some difficulties permeate aspects involving the performance of municipal public management, especially regarding a territorial planning which considers the needs of the permanent residents. There is a lack of coordination among the municipal departments, the private sector and the organized civil society, as well as between the existing urban and tourist public policies.
The Pontal do Paranapanema, located in the far west of the state of S & atilde;o Paulo, is a territory marked by intense disputes over land ownership. This process helped create one of the largest concentrations of agrarian reform settlements in the country. Thus, the expansion of pastures and, more recently, the sugarcane agribusiness, configure a production model based, among other elements, on land concentration, contrasting with the models practiced in the settlements. Based on studies on the history of occupation of the Pontal do Paranapanema, on data from rural properties available on the INCRA platform, and on the concepts of Environmental Fragility (Ross, 1994), we sought to investigate the qualitative character of the lands in the region, especially with regard to their susceptibility to erosion processes. The result indicated an unequal distribution of land, directing properties with high degrees of susceptibility to erosion towards agrarian reform, while less privileged areas were transformed into rural settlements.
In order to the diffusion of transport platform companies by digitial application, including their arrival in m & eacute;dium-sized cities, such as Marab & aacute;. This work aims to anylize how the new labor-politics-urban space coalitions affect the use of the city territory. Emphasizing the insecurity of labor relations and the limits of local public power. Thus, precarious work leads to precarious space, affecting the right to the city. Initially, the territorial action of Uber and other similar plataform companies stand out in the expansion of plataform capitalism towards medium-sized cities, such as Marab & aacute;. Thereafter, indicate the appropriation of the space inherited by the plataform companies with in the materialization of the application's operations and the use of this technology by the uberized workers in the provision of transport services in the city, with the resulting conflicts. Finally, this article emphasizes how these companies, its workers and the local public authorities adjust and accommodate their actions in the urban space, with implications for the right to the city. Thus, confirms that the arrival of digital pltaforms and applications to Marab & aacute; increased the process of job insecurity and the new forms of exploitation of urban space and its blight as well.
This paper aims at understanding how the borders of normative spaces of irregular lowincome urban settlements are defined in the Brazilian context. The report departs from data from a research about public space regulation conducted between 2019 and 2021 in a small complex that includes two slums and an irregular subdivision in peripheral Porto Alegre. This investigation dialogues with the research agenda on "favela law", which, departing from the common base of the legal pluralism, investigates regulation of social life by state and non-state norms in popular settlements in Latin America. In addition, the paper departs from categories from legal geography studies, especially from contributions from legal anthropology to this research agenda during the last decade. The results indicate that the setting of borders between these normative spaces involves interactions between community norms and spatialities set by state regulation. However, they also evidence that the construction of such territorialities, in the contrary of borders typical to state regulation, is characterized by a sort of fluidity, differing with the passing of time and with the occurrence of new social events relevant to the regulation of local life.
The Brazilian educational system has faced significant structural challenges, especially regarding disparities in access to and permanence in school between urban and rural contexts. This article aims to analyze the closure of rural schools in Brazil based on data from the National Institute for Educational Studies and Research Anisio Teixeira (INEP). The research problematizes the impacts of this reduction in the national territory, highlighting its implications for ensuring the right to education and for the permanence of communities in the countryside. The results show a drastic decrease in the number of rural schools: from 118,996 in 1999 to 54,730 in 2019. This corresponds to an average of nearly 3,000 schools closed per year, or approximately eight per day. Although the urban population grew during the period, the reduction of rural schools occurred disproportionately, pointing to a neglect regarding contextualized education policy, aggravating inequalities and compromising cultural and socioeconomic diversity.
The debate regarding the elimination of the 6x1 work schedule has been more relevant in political and economic discussions in Brazil. From the perspective of workers, this schedule reflects the ongoing process of labor precarization. On the other hand, according to the most frequent arguments of employers, the end of the 6x1 schedule would negatively impact GDP, job creation, and labor productivity. This study explores and critiques the arguments of employers and is supported by data from a survey conducted with 3,775 workers under the 6x1 schedule.
Este artigo objetiva analisar a percepção de gestores públicos e privados quanto ao desenvolvimento do turismo e ao planejamento territorial de Campos do Jordão, visando detectar elementos sobre a dinâmica das relações e influências desses processos para a gestão do território. Tem como base de análise, o conteúdo das entrevistas realizadas com 16 gestores locais envolvidos com o processo de planejamento territorial local. Trata-se de uma pesquisa descritiva, pautada em um estudo de caso, método de raciocínio dedutivo e análise quanti-qualitativa. Resultados denotam que os gestores compreendem as principais relações existentes entre a atividade turística e a necessidade de elaboração de políticas públicas, mas existem diversas dificuldades de implementação. Algumas dificuldades permeiam aspectos que envolvem a ineficiência da gestão pública municipal, sobretudo, quanto a um planejamento territorial que considere as necessidades dos moradores fixos. Falta articulação entre as Secretarias municipais, a iniciativa privada e a sociedade civil organizada, bem como entre as políticas públicas urbanas e turísticas existentes.
The central proposition of this article is, to present the historical, mythical and true formation of the Guianas, whose contribution originates from the first explorers who were in the New World; there is a reflection on the contours of the "Guiana Region" sketched historically, taking as a reference the discussion that Geography has produced to characterize a Region. Methodologically, a selection of authors, both classical and contemporary, who dedicated themselves to studies about the Region, was made, as well as authors whose travel reports emphasized the natural, historical and cultural formation of the Guianas. The conclusion points out that, in order to carry out any regional delimitation, caution is necessary in the calculation of the variables that may make up the contours of its extension.
The Guianas, located in the northeast of South America, stand out for their demographic and territorial mosaic, resulting from migratory flows that have connected Indigenous, European, African, and Asian populations.This study investigates, from a geographical perspective, how migratory dynamics have influenced the territorial configuration of the Guianas, with a focus on the contrasts between the densely populated and economically active coastal areas and the interior, characterized by low population density and the predominant presence of traditional communities. The research combines a literature review with empirical data analysis, highlighting the interaction between population, natural resources, and spatial transformations.
This paper analyzes the territorial divisions in the Guianas region. It begins by presenting territorial configuration of the Guianas, located in northern South America. The region consists entirely of the three Guianas-Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana-as well parts of Venezuela and Brazil. The study compares these territories, highlighting their differences and similarities, particularly in relation to their respective paths to independence and the impact of this process on local, regional, and international dynamics. Finally, the paper examines the internal territorial divisions of the region's states, detailing their administrative organization and border relations and the border relations of the three Guianas with Venezuela and Brazil.
This article analyzes the dynamics of cross-border integration between Corriverton (Guyana) and Nieuw Nickerie (Surinam), investigating the possibility of their classification as twin cities. The research adopts observational and comparative methods, with fieldwork, informal interviews and visual records. The results point to serious barriers to integration, such as poor infrastructure, high transport costs, terminal locations and specific bureaucratic traffic, which contrast with examples of greater connectivity in other twin cities in the Guianas region. Despite cultural and economic layers, such as Indian influence and rice farming, interactions between these cities remain limited and insufficient to attend to the criteria for classification as twin cities. It is concluded that overcoming these challenges depends on investments in connective infrastructure, reducing bureaucracy, economic incentives and joint bilateral governance actions, promoting greater integration and cross-border development.
Between moments of approximation and separation, over time, the Brazil-French Guiana border and its security and defense functions began to coexist with others such as integration and cooperation. However, the period of the COVID-19 pandemic (March 11, 2020 to May 5, 2023) highlighted several obstacles in the relationship between Brasilia and Paris, which involve the completion of the BR-156 highway, the regularization of traffic across the Franco-Brazilian Binational Bridge, among other points. Thus, the present article presents an analysis of the spatial interactions on the border between Brazil (Amap & aacute;) and France (French Guiana), contemplating the consolidation of the border, the dynamics of the twin cities and the expectation of oil exploration on the north coast of Oiapoque. In terms of methodology, this paper constitutes a qualitative research, based on bibliographic analysis, from the perspective of Geopolitics and Political Geography, enriched with fieldwork and thematic cartography.
The objective of this article is to provide an overview of the literature in the Guianas Region, considering certain points of contact and possible specificities that contribute to a multifaceted understanding of a place that is simultaneously fragmented and unique, diverse and resilient. Anchored in bibliographic research (Gil, 2008), this study highlights the importance of concepts such as regionalism (Candido, 1998), local color (Jobim, 2020), and border Anzald & uacute;a (2016) in establishing an analytical framework based on the various reading experiences available within the fictional and poetic corpus of Brazil (Amap & aacute;), Suriname, and French Guiana. As a preliminary result, we identified a literature that is as rich and diverse in its aesthetic and expressive aspects as it is unknown in terms of publishing market presence, circulation, dissemination, and critical reception of literary works from the Guianas Region.
This article analyzes the geopolitical arrangements between Brazil and Guyana in the current period, considering transport infrastructures and cargo flows in the context of territorial fluidity. The research was based on bibliographical surveys and fieldwork carried out between 2013 and 2025. These studies have identified geopolitical and border dynamics characterized by a process of territorial integration and commercial flow, especially in the transport of soybeans from the state of Roraima. The study highlights how current geopolitical dynamics, geographical specificities and different territorial integration strategies result in a fluidity marked by road freight movements, which reinforce the synapse-type border spatial pattern.
