The relevance of the research is determined not only by the centenary of the Russian revolution and global political instability, but also by the attempts of overcoming the academic science’s dependence from the government propaganda. Purpose of the research is to analyze the driving forces of the revolution of 1917 and causes of the Bolsheviks’ victory. Research methods: The author uses the dialectics, positivism, principle of historicism, and deconstructivism in the paper. The selection of methods was due to avoiding party and political impact. Marxism was in use in the field of the terms like the masses, classes. Research results The study analyzed actions of social groups and individuals like townsfolk, soldiers and sailors, representatives of all-Russian and regional governing bodies. The paper provides a brief characteristics of the problem’s historiography. Th author proposes new explanation to the causes of the rise of the Bolsheviks popularity in late 1917. Practical relevance lies in the fact that this study explains meaningful and unconscious actions of the government towards possible prevention of revolutionary bursts in future.
The article presents a today’s spatio-temporal panorama ahead of the great date of Cosmonautics Day and the events of 20 years ago in the context of the significance of spiritual and cosmic values for Russian people. Russian philosopher K.N. Leontiev, diplomat and publicist, emphasized the danger of liberalism and the philistinism of life in Russia and other Orthodox countries: “You need to strengthen yourself, think less about weal and more about strength. If there is power, there will be some weal” [12]. A retrospective look at the “zero” years allows us to understand the pain points of the national and spiritual interests of Russia, the importance of reviving Russia's space stronghold, preserving the political and ethical attitudes that meet the goals and objectives for which future generations will continue the cosmic achievements of the previous century.
The authors of the article studied the origin of Indo-European tribes in the light of ancient communications and the spread of the tribes according to wheeled transport relics in the steppe zone of Eastern Eurasia. The authors considered some modern theories related to Indo-European (IE) and Indo-Iranian (IIr) origin, defined IE innovations that marked the territories as possible homelands for IEs, and localized them on the map and. The authors used the method of mapping and analysing of IE innovations for localization of possible homeland teritories of IE on the maps and substantiate the polycentric model of the ancestral homeland of IE as model of “nomadic homeland”. According to this model, the IE homeland was localized in the steppe-lands of Eurasian continent, and in the course of time changed its place from Assyrian steppes to Eurasia (Europe and Ural-Kazakh steppes) by two main ways (north and south) through Margiana and Transcaucasia.
The issue of developing linguocultural competence among future Russian language teachers is relevant in the context of multicultural educational space, considering that this competence is the most important and professionally significant personal quality. The development of linguocultural competence ensures student’s readiness to implement the ideas of the culturological approach in the process of education, his/her readiness to teach the Russian language in the context of Russian culture and the dialogue of cultures. The purpose of the study is to illuminate the methodological experience in the application of modern methods and technologies in the system of higher education. The aim of such methods and technologies is to help the future Russian language teacher develop linguocultural competence during the course of studying the culture-oriented methodological subject Intercultural Communication in the Russian Language Lessons, which is included in the educational bachelor’s degree program 44.03.05 Pedagogical Education (with two specializations) at the North-Eastern Federal University n.a. Ammosov. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are performed: study of the theoretical foundations of culture-oriented linguistic methodology; analysis of the concepts, methods, and technology of developing linguocultural competence in the course of studying languages; definition of the methods and technologies of developing linguocultural competence of future Russian language teachers applied in the course of Intercultural Communication in the Russian Language Lessons. These tasks are performed through a set of theoretical and empirical methods, including: analysis of scientific and methodical literature, study and analysis of educational standards and programs, lesson observation, analysis and evaluation of the products of students’ learning activities; description of pedagogical experience. The study was conducted under the guidance of the Department of Russian Language and Literature Teaching Methodology at the Philology Faculty of the North-Eastern Federal University n.a. Ammosov. The introduction of the course of Intercultural Communication in the Russian Language Lessons shows that the development of linguocultural competence among students is facilitated by the application of the principle of science and the connection of theory and practice, the principle of intersubject communications and the integrative approach, the principle of competency and the activity approach, and correlations between learning and research activities. Effective methods of developing the linguocultural competence among future Russian language teachers are: problem lectures (binary and interactive); imitative learning technologies; project technologies (individual and group projects); and research methods.
La actualización de modelo económico y del ordenamiento jurídico en Cuba, tras la reciente aprobación de la Constitución de la República de 2019, requiere de insertar consecuentemente una perspectiva de género en los espacios jurídicos donde juegan un rol significativo los actores del Derecho. En tal sentido, el presente estudio tiene como objetivo valorar la regulación jurídica de las tipologías de violencia sexual previstas en el Código Penal cubano, como pautas para una reforma legal sobre la base de una adecuada perspectiva de género. Para ello, se emplearon métodos científicos tales como el teórico-jurídico, el exegético-analítico, la comparación jurídica y la revisión documental. Su empleo permitió identificar dos problemáticas esenciales: la inexistencia de figuras emergentes de la práctica social (feminicidio, homofobia, transfobia y ciberacoso), y la regulación insuficiente y discriminatoria de delitos ya previstos (violación, pederastia con violencia, abusos lascivos y trata de personas). Se realizó además una comparación jurídica de los ilícitos penales regulados en España, Argentina, Bolivia, Venezuela y Perú, cuyos referentes permitieron visualizar los retos y perspectivas en el contexto de reforma legislativa en que Cuba está inmersa, para una correcta configuración del enfoque de género en el ordenamiento jurídico cubano.
The essay analyzes the evolution of international and European law on gender violence. It highlights the structural nature of this global phenomenon and focuses on the interplay between women’s movements and gender mainstreaming.
“Women and girls face various types of violence (physical, economic and psychological), ranging from sexual comments and whistling, fondling, and raping, to the most extreme form: femicides,” as stated by the United Nations (UN) in a written communication. This worldwide organization called on governments, the private sector and society in general to eradicate the violence suffered by two out of three women; This particular problem in Mexico also shows alarming statistics which, in order to be visible nationwide, the States have issued violence alerts as a preventive measure.Education plays an important role in the transformation of this situation, rapists and rape victims are the result of educational processes that take place in classrooms, in the family and social contexts that have been organized about them, which obviously have not been completely efficient. In this regard, the intention is to organize clubs and work in favor of no gender-based violence since high school where standards and values are established, promoting women respect and consideration, and the demands of this level of education are maintained
The purpose of the article is the study of health capital as the basis for the formation of human capital. The authors consider health capital as a new factor in economic growth in modern conditions. It is concluded that there is a high risk of a shortage of health capital due to high mortality, low fertility, and low life expectancy. There is also a shortage of investment in health care. The regional features of the development of the health capital of Ukraine in modern conditions are analyzed. The existence of regional differences in the formation of health capital is proved. The inconsistency of regional and national interests regarding the strategy of state regional policy is revealed. It is concluded that regional priorities should be such as to save and increase the health capital of health. The results of an integrated assessment made it possible to form a ranking of regions by indicators of health capital. The approaches proposed by the authors to ranking the regions make it possible to develop programs of priority measures to implement the strategic goal of healthcare. It is an increase in the quality and accessibility of medical care, drug provision, ensuring the sanitary and epidemiological safety of the country, and the prevention of infectious diseases among the population.
The purpose of this research was to identify groups of students characterized by their student commitment. There were 31 participating students belonging to careers related to information technology from a university un the southern of Mexico. For this, the authors applied the UWES-S with a series of questions related to the academic fields. The data mining technique called clustering was subsequently applied to identify the group using the WEKA tool. It is highlighted as a result that the group of women has high levels of student’s commitment, vigor and absorption, compared to men, who have a high level of dedication.
Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo analisar os aspectos subjetivos que envolvem a vivência materna diante da hospitalização de um pré-termo, elucidando os caminhos percorridos na maternidade até a atualidade, considerando os sentimentos maternos que se manifestam devido as idealizações gestacionais, o impacto com o bebê real e o luto, e a perda do bebê imaginário, que pode alterar a percepção materna influenciando nas estratégias de elaboração do luto, devido a sentimentos desadaptativos. A busca do entendimento da dualidade do bebê imaginário e o real em torno do funcionamento psíquico da mãe, são necessários para o estudo em questão. Diante disso, propor-se-ia uma pesquisa bibliográfica de cunho qualitativo por considerar os fenômenos tal como se apresentam a sua essência. A discussão ocorre sob a visão da terapia cognitivo comportamental no entorno de pensar a diferenciação da relação mãe e bebê em uma circunstância natural e na prematuridade, considerando o processo de luto vivido, ilustrando a nova dinâmica familiar estabelecida, as características do hospital maternidade, bem como visibilizando à Unidade de Terapia Intensiva (UTI) neonatal responsável por proferir cuidados essenciais à sobrevivência do pré-termo e o papel da psicologia hospitalar que fornece escuta especializada e acolhimento frente aos conflitos vivenciados pela família na instituição. Diante do exposto, a preocupação, interesse e relevância desse texto, se caracteriza em entender como o suporte afetivo materno proporcionado está diretamente ligado ao desenvolvimento satisfatório da criança, e como isso, se intercomunica com a redução da taxa de óbitos neonatais
criminal behaviors have always been present in the lives of human being. People learn to live in an increasingly complicated world, in which complications are not proportional to the damage caused by the offender. Since the genesis of humanity, the human being has pretended to find an explanation to criminal acts; however, the play and role that the victim plays has been neglected. In the case of crimes that involve women as a passive subjects of a crime, such as gender crimes, the criminal law has tried to explain the criminal thinking, but without analyzing the role of the victim or the damage caused. The offence causes harm not only to the person who suffers but the surrounding environment such as parents, children, family, friends and the community itself
This present work aims to analyses the recent process of non judicialization of changing name and gender in official state papers of transgender people in Brazil, made possible by the advent of the Supreme Court decisions, resulting from the Unconstitutionality Directive (ADI) 4275 and Provision n º 73 from CNJ. To this end, 15 (fifteen) Natural Natural Person Registry Offices of the city of Recife were elected and delimited as the field of action of this study, seeking to demonstrate in practice the effects of living law. In this sense, the perspective with personality rights, sexual dignity, individual self-determination and the right to real truth will be approached as elements whose influence is intrinsic to the guarantee of fundamental rights that guide the dignity of the human person. Moreover, within the precepts of a democratic and progressive society, it is clear that the maintenance of legal constraints that deprive the trans individual of living fully his right to identity.
Bullying is a behavior pattern where an individual is chosen as the target of a systematic aggression, by one or more people, becoming the expression of the same problem electronic harassment or cyberbullying, highlighting processes that involve aspects of virtual violence, provoked for the misuse of technologies. In the present work of investigation, the main problems of electronic harassment with which the students of the Juárez Autonomous University of Tabasco are described are described. A questionnaire was applied to obtain results such as the electronic media where more harassment is carried out, people involved in this and those who address it when it happens. Also, some measures to detect bullying in children are mentioned, emphasizing how it is possible to avoid it.
The article defines the place of Polish think tanks in the all-European soft power policy. For this purpose, elements of the modified Joseph Nye's soft power concept were used. The analysis was conducted on the example of four Polish think tanks (Polish Institute of International Affairs (PISM), Center for Eastern Studies (OSW), College of Eastern Europe (KEW) and Warsaw University Institute of Eastern Europe (SEW). The authors' conclusions allowed determining the place of Polish think tanks in the EU foreign policy as that of organic elements aimed at achieving the goals prescribed by the European Union's Foreign and Security Policy. At the same time, the activities of Polish think tanks are also aimed at solving the tasks of the Polish Foreign Ministry, namely the expansion of Polish influence in the Eastern European countries and the opposition to those political actors whose activities are contrary to Polish foreign policy.
This paper aims to present a study of parental models in fathers and mothers, considering this institution as the space where economic, politic and social transformations produced by the social dynamics are reflected in several ways. The concept of parental models is understood as the set of norms and rules that regulate behaviors (breeding patterns), model of communications based on the time of coexistence and the ways tos how affection (links of attachment), and the promotion of guidelines linked to success (success patterns), aspects explored with the Atribucional Questionnaire on Parental Models (Martinez et al., 2014), applied to 1900 families from the five municipalities that make up the Chontalpa region of the State of Tabasco. The study reveals that parents use negotiating and rigid breeding patterns, warm and close ties of attachment and patterns success counselors and promoters.
the pertinence of the theme is due to the disputable nature of taxation liability problems in legal science. Despite more than fifty years of research, there is still no common opinion as to its definition, functions, principles, classification criteria and relationship with related legal categories. The lack of legal research of the feedback of the violating entity to the authirised body is worth noting as well. Solving these problems would reveal the nature of tax liability to finally improve performance of this public obligation, law and order. The article explores direct and backward communications in taxation. The key approach or method used here is to reveal the impact of both - the tax liability itself and the institute of liability - on business entities' and private individuals' economic activity. The article claims, that bringing to account and entering into a relationship where the violator has to explain and substantiate his actions provides a feedback for the public entity. The purpose of tax liability is defined as that of an instrument of bringing the legal relationship back to the regulated state. The article is of practical use for legislators, judicial and administrative bodies, as well as in scientific research of legal responsibility problems in all branches of law. Conclusions and suggestions of the article amend and develop the provisions of responsibility legislation being of methodic importance for further research in this area both theoretically and practically.
The article offers a comparative description of typological mechanisms for political communicative practice and methods of verbal explication of its axiological and symbolic constituents, determining mental universals of individual/collective consciousness. The research position is based on the system multilevel analysis of the component structure of discourse in order to identify and characterize the linguistic and sociocultural dominants of political interaction, organized by a certain language system, taking into account the semiotic and literary-genre specifics of legitimate and illegitimate communicative acts. The methodological concept aimed at modeling institutional interactions in the context of ecological compatibility/toxicity of the transmission of ethno-sociocultural components of the universe allowed the authors to characterize the ways and mechanisms of representation and transformation of the sign structures of political communication, which determine the algorithms of verbal and discursive behavior. The combination of methods of discourse analysis, linguistic and cognitive projection, linguistic and cultural interpretations and functional-pragmatic consideration of text units made it possible to identify and qualify the linguistic and semiotic elements of legitimate/illegitimate political practices and to carry out the ecolinguistic typology of the basic linguistic components of political communication. The results of the study indicate a special communicative register of Russian political discourse, the markers of which are the processes of diffusion/recontextualization of language and persuasive techniques, semiotic consolidation of institutional reversion, various verbal indicators of social asymmetry (from metaphorization, euphemization, nominalization to the tactics of disintegration and manipulation), which not only actualizes the linguistic and cultural resources of ideologically marked discursive practices, but also significantly expands the area of possible communication risks. The modern political logosphere, as a part of the ecosystem, synergetically included in all spheres of human communication, forms new contextual concepts, stereotypes of assessments, norms (often limiting) of verbal behavior of all subjects included in it and communicative traditions of the universum as a whole.
"Kreutzer Sonata" L.N. Tolstoy is one of the key works of the late XIX century. The publication of the story served as an impetus that caused a wide discussion of the problems of family, marriage, gender, and the status of women. The ban on censorship only contributed to an increase in interest in the story. Kreutzer's sonata was read not only in capitals and large cities, but also in remote counties. The object of discussion was family values based on the concepts of marriage set forth in the Bible and the teachings of the Holy Fathers. The words of the main character of Pozdnyshev show flaws in the Orthodox marriage.
The relevance of the study is stipulated by the need to rethink the essence and content of the right to Freedom of expression, which by virtue of the development of information technology has acquired new values in the information society. The development of the Internet has fostered the emergence of new human rights related to the right to Freedom of expression. The purpose of the article is to summarize existing approaches to understanding the Right to Freedom of expression, to identify correlation with other rights, taking into account the impact of information technology development on human rights, and to formulate provisions that may be basis for improving the legislation and activities of public authorities as to certain rights provision. The study is based on a dialectical approach, which necessitates the clarification of certain aspects of the formation and development of the Right to Freedom of expression and its interrelation with other human rights. As a result of the study it is found that the Right to Freedom of expression was significantly influenced by the development of the Internet. The Internet has become a factor in the formation of a new generation of human rights, which are expedient to call digital rights. These rights include the right to be forgotten, the right to access to the Internet. The main provisions of the article can be used for further study of the right to Freedom of expression and digital rights, and can also be useful for non-governmental human rights organizations and public authorities to strengthen human rights guarantees.
