随着人们生活水平的不断提高,饮食习惯不断发生变化,高脂、高盐及高糖饮食越来越普遍,导致产生如慢性肾脏疾病等许多慢性疾病.血液透析为终末期慢性肾脏疾病患者常用的治疗手段之一 [1],临床应用较广泛,可有效降低患者的病死率,提高患者的生命质量.为了提高透析治疗质量,保障治疗安全,从医学工程角度结合血液透析治疗原理分析,最关键的因素在于保证透析液的质量.因此,血液净化中心的质量控制工作应围绕水质监控开展,针对各种异常情况作好预案,落实好持续改进工作,以提高工作质量.
Objective To propose a calibration method for the parameters of uterine contraction pressure probes in fetal monitors.Methods With the reference of calibration methods and indicator requirements for other parameters of existing fetal monitors,the calibration method for the parameters of the uterine contraction pressure probe was designed.Based on this method,the calibration of the parameters of the uterine contraction pressure probe(including nonlinear error,repeatability,and temperature drift)for six fetal monitors from three different manufacturers was carried out,and the uncertainty of the nonlinear error of uterine contraction pressure for this method was analyzed.Results The nonlinear errors of the uterine contraction pressure probes of six fetal monitors at theoretical values of 25%,50%,and 75%were-2.6%to 3.3%,-4.0%to 3.0%,and-4.3%to 3.3%,respectively,which met the index requirements of YY/T 0449-2018"Ultrasonic Doppler Fetal Monitor"(no more than±10%).The repeatability range was 0.5%to 1.0%;The temperature drift range was-1～0 mmHg;The uncertainty range of the non-linear error of uterine contraction pressure was 1.1%to 1.4%.Conclusion The parameters of the uterine contraction pressure probe of the fetal monitor can be effectively evaluated through this method.The uncertainty of its nonlinear error is less than 1/3 of the maximum allowable error(±10%),indicating that it can be used for calibration analysis of clinical instruments.
Objective The effectiveness of three different methods for cleaning luminal instruments used in thoracoscopic surgery was compared,providing a basis for improving the quality of luminal instrument cleaning.Methods With the selection of 568 thoracoscopic surgical instruments used in hospitals from January 2021 to June 2022,the instruments were divided into three groups using the random number table method,which were subjected to mechanical spray cleaning(193 pieces,mechanical group),manual cleaning(171 pieces,manual group),and decompression boiling cleaning(204 pieces,decompression group).The pass rates of three groups of cleaning were compared.Results The cleaning qualification rates of the mechanical group,manual group,and decompression group were 48.20%,81.87%,and 87.75%,respectively,with statistically significant differences(χ2 =95.087,P<0.05).There were statistically significant differences in the cleaning pass rate between the mechanical group and the manual group and the decompression group(χ2=43.207,70.120,P<0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in the cleaning qualification rate between the manual group and the decompression group(χ2 =2.085,P>0.05).Conclusions Mechanical spray cleaning has poor cleaning effect on the lumen instruments used in thoracoscopic surgery,while manual cleaning and decompression boiling cleaning have similar effects.However,due to significant human factors,it is difficult to ensure the effectiveness of manual cleaning.With simple operation,higher work efficiency,fixed cleaning process,and more stable and reliable cleaning effect,decompression boiling cleaning can accelerate the turnover efficiency and use frequency of lumen instruments,while reducing occupational exposure problems caused by manual cleaning.
Objective The effect of comprehensive nursing group in hemodialysis patients with chronic renal failure was explored.Methods 80 patients with chronic renal failure admitted to the First People's Hospital of Fuzhou City from March 2020 to March 2022 were divided into the control group(40 cases,receiving routine nursing intervention)and the observation group(40 cases,receiving comprehensive nursing group intervention),by using the random number table method,with continuous intervention for 4 weeks.The psychological status[assessed by Self-rating Depression Scale(SDS)and Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS)],incidence of complications and quality of life[assessed by Quality of Life Rating Scale(QOL)]were compared between the two groups.Results After intervention,the scores of SDS and SAS and the incidence of complications in the observation group were lower than those in the control group,and the QOL scores were higher than those in the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The comprehensive nursing team can improve the negative emotions of patients with chronic renal failure treated with hemodialysis,reduce the risk of complications,and improve their quality of life.
目的 探讨腹腔镜子宫切除术治疗子宫内膜癌患者的临床效果.方法 选取2020 年 1 月至 2022 年 1 月医院收治的 40 例子宫内膜癌患者,根据随机数字表法分为对照组和试验组,每组 20 例.对照组行开腹子宫切除术治疗,试验组行腹腔镜子宫切除术治疗.比较两组手术指标、淋巴结清扫数量及治疗前后的排尿功能和膀胱功能,并统计两组术后并发症发生率.结果 试验组术中出血量少于对照组,手术时间、术后肛门排气时间、住院时间均短于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).两组淋巴结清扫数量比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05).治疗前,两组排尿功能和膀胱功能比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,试验组排尿功能和膀胱功能各项指标均优于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).试验组术后并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 与开腹手术相比,腹腔镜子宫切除术治疗子宫内膜癌患者的效果更优,可减少术中出血量,加快术后恢复,改善排尿功能和膀胱功能,且安全性更高.
随着骨科微创介入治疗技术的发展,移动式C型臂X线系统在临床上的应用越来越广泛.Philips BV Vectra型移动式C型臂X线系统包括全平衡C型臂系统、C臂机架附件、高频X线发生器和X线球管、X线束光器、9 英寸影像增强电视系统、数字图像处理器系统、移动观察台车系统、医用19英寸彩色LCD监视器系统(2 台)和图像传输及存储系统等部分组成.
Objective To explore the clinical efficacy of 5 ml syringe needle guided by musculoskeletal ultrasound in the loosening treatment of postoperative tendon adhesion in patients with wrist joint fusion surgery.Methods Sixty patients who underwent wrist joint fusion surgery at the 966th Hospital of the Joint Logistic Support Force from January 2021 to January 2023 were divided into two groups used a random number table method,with 30 patients in each group.Conventional physical therapy was used in the control group,and on this basis,loosening therapy was used in the experimental group with a 5 ml syringe needle guided by musculoskeletal ultrasound,with continuous treatment for all patients for one week.The adhesion of tendons after treatment and hand flexibility using the Minnesota manual dexterity test(MMDT),pain severity using Visual Analog Scale(VAS),total action motion(TAM),and hand grip and pinch strength levels before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results After treatment,the total adhesion rate in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Before treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in placement and turnover time between the two groups(P>0.05);After treatment,the placement and turnover times of the two groups were shorter than before treatment in the same group,and the experimental group was shorter than the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).Before treatment,there were no statistically significant differences in VAS score,TAM,and hand grip and pinch strength between the two groups(P>0.05);After treatment,the VAS scores of both groups were lower than those of the same group before treatment,and the TAM and hand grip and pinch strength were higher than those of the same group before treatment.In addition,the VAS scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group,and the TAM and hand grip and pinch strength were higher than those of the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of using a 5 ml syringe needle with the guidance of musculoskeletal ultrasound in treatment of postoperative tendon adhesion in patients with wrist joint fusion surgery is significant,which is beneficial for reducing tendon adhesion and pain levels,improving hand flexibility and mobility,and promoting patient hand functional recovery.
In order to achieve informatization management of medical consumables,standardize the use of medical consumables,and reduce medical operating costs,this study established an informatization intelligent supervision system for medical consumables based on the supply-processing-distribution(SPD)model to manage medical consumables throughout their life cycle.By analyzing the effectiveness of SPD model in managing medical consumables,the functions and effectiveness of each module of the system were verified,providing a scientific and reasonable management scheme for medical consumables.
Objective The improvement effect of functional endoscopic sinus surgery(FESS)on the quality of life in patients with chronic sinusitis was evaluated.Methods With the selecion of 68 patients with chronic sinusitis(without nasal polyp formation)who received FESS treatment after ineffective conventional drug treatment from January 2019 to December 2020 as the study subjects,among them,there were 47 cases of unilateral onset(unilateral group)and 21 cases of bilateral onset(bilateral group).With patients undergoing rehabilitation treatment at the Shanghai Fifth Rehabilitation Hospital,the improvement of life therapy[evaluated by using the sino-nasal outcome test 22(SNOT-22)]was compared between two groups.Results At six months after surgery,the total SNOT-22 score and various field scores of the two groups were lower than before surgery,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05);There were no statistically significant differences in the total scores of SNOT-22 and scores in various fields between the two groups(P>0.05);There were 41 patients in the unilateral and bilateral groups,and 16 patients in the SNOT-22 total score reached the minimal clinically important difference(MCID)at 6 months after surgery,indicating significant improvement.Conclusion With definite efficacy in the treatment of chronic sinusitis,FESS can significantly improve the quality of life for most patients.
目的 探讨中频治疗仪联合康复护理在骨科患者术后康复中的应用效果.方法 选取 2019 年 10 月至 2022 年 4月樟树市中医医院收治的68例骨科手术患者作为研究对象,按信封法随机分为对照组和观察组,每组34例.对照组接受康复护理干预,观察组在对照组基础上联合中频治疗仪干预.比较两组术后疼痛程度、术后并发症发生率、术后患肢肿胀程度、干预前后日常生活能力(采用改良Barthel指数评估)和护理满意度.结果 术后1 d,两组视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后 3、5、7 d,观察组VAS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组术后并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后 1 d,两组患肢肿胀程度比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);术后3 d,观察组患肢肿胀程度优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).干预前,两组改良Barthel指数比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,观察组改良Barthel指数高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组护理满意度高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 中频治疗仪联合康复护理应用于骨科患者术后康复中,不仅能缓解其疼痛和患肢肿胀,还能降低术后并发症发生风险,促进日常生活能力提升,提高护理满意度.
As an essential instrument for vitrectomy,the optical radiation safety requirements and test methods for endoilluminators were proposed in the international standard ISO 15752:2010"Ophthalmic instruments,Endoilluminators,Requirements and test methods for optical radiation safety".According to this standard,the test needs to be conducted in pure water or salt solution,but the specific testing device is not specified.In order to fill this gap,two testing devices were developed in this study based on irradiance method and spectral irradiance method,respectively.In addition,according to ISO 15004-2:2007"Ophthalmic instruments,Requirements and test methods-Part 2:Protection against light hazards",weighted retinal irradiance,weighted retinal visible light,and infrared thermal irradiance were selected as parameters to evaluate the optical radiation safety of endoilluminators.The results showed that the test results of the two devices were consistent and met the requirements of ISO 15752:2010.
A highly compatible sample tube transfer device with automatic transfer was designed to address the requirements such as the complexity of sample tube handling space,the diversity of sample tube specifications and the high efficiency of work,for automatic analysis of low-temperature storage.This device,mainly composed of a sample tube grabbing structure,a lifting structure,and a rotating structure,achieved the function of fully automatic transmission of sample tubes by docking multiple specifications of sample tubes in different spatial transfer positions.Through hardware and structural design,the overall layout of the equipment was achieved.In addition,the workflow was designed based on software logic,with the focus on analyzing the motion mechanics of the rotating mechanism to confirm the driving parameters.Finally,through practical application and fatigue testing,it was verified that the device has high universality and compatibility,and can achieve functions such as lifting,anti drop,grasping,and reversing transfer,meeting the needs of sample automation analysis and low-temperature storage.
放射治疗是恶性肿瘤的主要治疗手段之一 [1].医用直线加速器则是精确放射治疗的必备大型医用设备 [2].瓦里安Clinac Ⅸ医用直线加速器的多叶准直器(multileaf collimator,MLC)系统主要包括工作台计算机、控制器组件、MLC头组件和马达驱动组件 [3-6].
Objective The diagnostic value of C-reactive protein(CRP)and procalcitonin(PCT)in ABO hemolytic jaundice was explored.Methods With the selection of 45 newborns with ABO hemolytic jaundice admitted to the hospital from March 2020 to February 2022 as the experimental group,50 newborns with non-hemolytic pathological jaundice as the control group,the serum CRP and PCT levels on the first and second days of admission,the abnormal rate of CRP and PCT on the first day of admission,and the use of antibiotics during hospitalization were compared between the two groups.In additon,the value of CRP and PCT alone and in combination in diagnosing ABO hemolytic jaundice was analyzed.Results On the first and second days of admission,the serum CRP and PCT levels in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).On the first day of admission,the abnormal rates of serum CRP and PCT in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The usage rate of antibacterial drugs during hospitalization in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The ROC analysis results showed that the area under the curve(AUC)of the combined diagnosis of CRP and PCT for ABO hemolytic jaundice was higher than that of the individual diagnosis,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion The serum CRP and PCT levels in newborns with ABO hemolytic jaundice are higher than those in newborns with non hemolytic pathological jaundice,and the combined diagnostic value is higher than that of the two alone.
Objective The clinical effects of endoscopic neurosurgery and small bone window craniotomy in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients were explored.Methods 58 patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage admitted to the People's Hospital of Xunwu County,Ganzhou City,Jiangxi Province from January 2021 to January 2022 were divided into two groups using a random number table method,with 29 patients in each group.With the small bone window craniotomy performed in the control group,and neuroendoscopic surgery performed in the experimental group,the two groups were compared in terms of surgical time,intraoperative bleeding volume,hematoma clearance rate,length of hospital stay,neurological function[evaluated by using the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)],and daily activity ability(evaluated using the Barthel Index).Results The operation time and hospitalization time of experimental group were shorter than that of control group(P<0.05),the intraoperative blood loss was less than that of control group,and the clearance rate of hematoma was higher than that of control group(P<0.05).Before surgery,there was no statistically significant difference in the NIHSS score and Barthel index between the two groups(P>0.05);Three months after surgery,the NIHSS scores of both groups were lower than those of the same group before surgery(P<0.05),and the Barthel index was higher than that of the same group before surgery(P<0.05).Moreover,the NIHSS scores of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05),and the Barthel index was higher than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Neuroendoscopic surgery has played a significant role in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage patients,with higher surgical efficiency,faster postoperative recovery,and better hematoma clearance rate,which is beneficial for promoting the recovery of neurological function and improving daily activity ability of patients.
目的 探讨显微镜下血运重建术治疗年轻恒牙牙髓坏死患者的临床效果.方法 选取2020年11月至2022年11月医院治疗的72例年轻恒牙牙髓坏死患者(72颗患牙)作为研究对象,随机分为对照组(采用血运重建术)和试验组(采用显微镜下血运重建术),每组 36 例.比较两组临床疗效及治疗前后的患牙牙根发育情况(牙根长度、牙根管壁厚度、牙冠根比)、龈沟液相关生长因子[血管内皮生长因子(VEGF)、碱性成纤维细胞生长因子(bFGF)]水平、疼痛程度[采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估],并记录两组治疗期间并发症发生率.结果 试验组治疗总有效率高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).治疗前,两组患牙牙根发育情况、龈沟液相关生长因子水平、疼痛程度比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);治疗后,两组患牙牙根长度、牙根管壁厚度、牙冠根比及龈沟液VEGF、bFGF水平均高于同组治疗前,VAS评分低于同组治疗前,且试验组患牙牙根长度、牙根管壁厚度、牙冠根比及龈沟液VEGF、bFGF水平均高于对照组,VAS评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).试验组治疗期间并发症发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 显微镜下血运重建术治疗年轻恒牙牙髓坏死的效果较好,可有效促进牙根发育,改善龈沟液相关生长因子水平,减轻疼痛,且安全性高.
Objective The efficacy of zinc oxide ointment combined with radiation warming table in the treatment of diaper dermatitis in hospitalized infants was explored.Methods 70 infants with diaper dermatitis admitted to the hospital from March 2022 to March 2023 were divided into two groups using a random number table method,with 35 cases in each group.The control group received zinc oxide ointment treatment,while the experimental group received therapy by radiation warming table on the basis of the control group.The total effective rate,wound healing time,total hospital stay,parental satisfaction,and diaper dermatitis grading before and after treatment were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of treatment in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);The wound healing time and total hospital stay in the experimental group were shorter than those in the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05);The total satisfaction of parents in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no statistically significant difference in the grading of diaper dermatitis between the two groups(P>0.05);After treatment,the grading of diaper dermatitis in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).Conclusion The effect of zinc oxide ointment combined with radiation warming table in the treatment of infant diaper dermatitis is better than that of zinc oxide ointment alone,which can accelerate wound healing,shorten hospital stay,and improve parents'satisfaction.
目的 探讨电子艾灸仪联合常规护理对胃肠手术患者术后胃肠功能恢复的影响.方法 选取 2020 年 1 月至 2021 年 4 月九江市中医医院收治的60 例胃肠手术患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组 30 例.对照组术后实施常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上加用电子艾灸仪.两组均干预至患者出院,比较两组术后胃肠功能恢复时间(肠鸣音恢复时间、首次排气时间及首次排便时间)、术后腹胀程度及生活质量[采用简明生活质量量表(SF-36)评估].结果 观察组肠鸣音恢复时间、首次排气时间及首次排便时间均短于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组术后腹胀程度轻于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).干预前,两组SF-36评分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);干预后,两组SF-36评分均高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 电子艾灸仪联合常规护理能够促进胃肠手术患者术后胃肠功能恢复,减少腹胀的发生,提高生命质量.
目的 探讨低频电穴位刺激在功能性鼻内镜鼻窦术后患者中的应用效果.方法 选取2020年11月至2022年11月医院收治的300例慢性鼻窦炎患者作为研究对象,随机分为两组,每组 150 例.对照组术后采取自控静脉镇痛泵(PCIA)镇痛,观察组术后应用低频电穴位刺激镇痛.比较两组术后6、12、24、48 h的疼痛程度[采用数字分级法(NRS)评估]、舒适程度[采用布氏舒适评分法(BCS)评估]及术前1 d和术后1、3、7 d的睡眠质量[采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数(PSQI)评估].结果 术后 6、12、24、48 h,两组NRS评分逐渐降低,BCS评分逐渐升高,且观察组NRS评分低于对照组,BCS评分高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).术后 1、3、7 d,观察组PSQI评分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 低频电穴位刺激在功能性鼻内镜鼻窦术后患者中的应用效果显著,可减轻疼痛程度,提升舒适度,改善术后睡眠质量.
目的 探讨TDP神灯照射联合常规护理在混合痔术后患者中的应用效果.方法 选取 2021 年 8 月至 2022 年 8 月医院收治的 90 例混合痔患者作为研究对象,按照随机数字表法分为对照组和观察组,每组 45 例.对照组采用常规护理,观察组采用TDP神灯照射联合常规护理.比较两组术后疼痛程度[采用视觉模拟评分法(VAS)评估]、创面愈合有效率、并发症(出血、切口感染、便秘)发生率及护理满意度.结果 术后 6、48、72 h,观察组VAS评分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).观察组创面愈合有效率高于对照组,并发症发生率低于照组,护理满意度高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 TDP神灯照射联合常规护理在混合痔术后患者中的应用效果较好,可以缓解疼痛,加速创面愈合,减少术后并发症的发生,有效提高护理满意度.
