The low student mathematics learning outcomes are caused by less innovative learning media and a lack of connection between learning material and real life contexts. Based on this, research was conducted which aimed to improve the mathematics learning outcomes of class VIII students after implementing the problem based learning model. This research is classroom action research carried out in two cycles. Each cycle has four stages, namely: planning, implementation, observation and reflection. The subjects of this research were 21 class VIIIa students, consisting of 11 men and 10 women. The object of the research is students' mathematics learning outcomes, data analyzed using descriptive statistics. The research results show that the problem basic learning model can improve mathematics learning outcomes for class VIIIa. This is known from the pre-cycle student learning results with an average result of 71.09 and learning completeness of 30% in the low category. In cycle one, the average score was 75.20 and learning completeness was 54%, which was in the sufficient category. The research continued in cycle II and obtained an average score of 82.11 and learning completeness of 95% which was in the high category and had met the success indicator criteria. So, it can be concluded that the application of the problem based learning model can improve student learning outcomes. ABSTRAKRendahnya hasil belajar matematika siswa disebabkan oleh media pembelajaran yang kurang inovatif dan kurangnya keterkaitan antara materi pembelajaran dan kontek kehidupan nyata. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka diadakan penelitian yang bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika siswa kelas VIII setelah penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian tindakan kelas yang dilaksanakan dalam dua siklus. Setiap siklus memiliki empat tahapan yaitu : perencanaan, pelaksanaan, observasi dan repleksi. Subjek penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIIIa yang berjumlah 21 orang, terdiri atas 11 laki – laki dan 10 perempuan. Objek penelitian adalah hasil belajar matematika siswa data dianalisis menggunakan statistic deskripsiptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa model pembelajaran problem basic learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar matematika kelas VIIIa. Hal ini diketahui dari hasil belajar siswa pra siklus dengan hasil rata rata 71,09 dan ketuntasan belajar 30% beada pada kategori rendah. Pada siklus satu dengan nilai rata rata 75,20 dan ketuntasan belajar 54 % yang berada pada kategori cukup. Penelitian dilanjutkan pada siklus II dan memperoleh nilai rata rata 82,11 serta ketuntasan belajar 95 % yang berada pada kategori tinggi dan sudah memenuhi kriteria indicator keberhasilan. Jadi, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan model pembelajaran problem based learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa.
Examining the evaluation process and the items used to evaluate students is crucial. For student evaluations, teachers are either staying with more traditional methods that need significantly less commitment than present methods, or they are adopting more modern alternatives. The purpose of this research is to find out whether and how Kosovo's student teaching content is evaluated. Thus, the study focuses on identifying various types of test designs that are employed to determine their effectiveness. The goal of this study is to improve teaching and learning by offering reliable information on evaluation. The results display that most teachers are trained to use summative methods, and occasionally formative methods are implemented. The information gathered also reveals that the application of particular strategies by teachers is significantly influenced by their age, length of service, and attendance at training. The results show that older teachers tend to use summative assessments. whereas younger educators use formative strategies.
As a result of globalization, people are faced with large and rapid changes, but also with challenges for which they are not prepared and the reactions to these changes are often not at all in the interest of well-being and development. Today, educators face major challenges despite the various educational reforms and substantial research undertaken over the past decades. At the same time, rapid technological advances and increasing complexities in social life may make it difficult to emphasize morals, values, and ethics and present them through improved curriculum and teaching practices. The emphasis in this paper will be placed on the teacher who, as an ethical model, has a significant influence on the development of students. Teachers play a decisive role in the cultivation of moral values and ethical behavior of students in schools. Through the model of their behavior, teachers influence the formation of perceptions and internalization of students' moral values, encouraging and promoting a sense of ethical responsibility and orienting the decision-making processes. Character, ethical, and moral behavior of teachers, remain an example in the development of students' talent, emotional intelligence, instructions in ethical decision-making, fostering the development of a moral culture, encouraging self-reflection, nurturing a sense of responsibility, integrating traditional and contemporary learning, encouraging critical thinking, and providing mentoring and support. Also, the effects of moral and ethical education are long-term, which are reflected not only in interpersonal and social relations, and impact in the community, but are also clearly reflected in the motivation to study, the encouragement of the development of talents, but also in the inheritance of these values in other generations.
Foreign language teachers must select vocabulary carefully to ensure that high quality items are included and provide varied opportunities for practice. Teachers should pay the most prudent attention in organization of lexis for the classroom as to offer as wide a range of practice ideas in order to facilitateeffective learning. Acquiring a large, coloured and nuanced vocabulary knowledge does not imply simply studying a list of words alongside with dictionary definitions. Language diversity implies great possibilities of lexical choice as means of enhancing the effectiveness and accuracy of speech. Modern foreign languages teaching methods should aim at building a broad, deep, rich and flexible vocabulary corpus of words. Grouping of words is based upon similarities and contrasts. Every language has in its lexicon a variety of words, kindred in meaning, but distinct in morphemic composition and usage, ensuring the expression of the most delicate and somehow hidden shades of human perception, thought, feeling and imagination. The use of synonyms and antonyms is a quick and effective way of explaining unknown words and teachers can resort to them as means of describing words’ meanings.
Emojis are employed to enhance communication in the digital age on the daily. And the digital-natives, the Gen-Zers, seem to be particularly creative when it comes to their use. Recognizing this, this qualitative study examines the evolving use of one particular emoji – the skull emoji, as a tone tag within Gen-Z internet slang. By analyzing various examples from different social media platforms, the paper highlights how this emoji, beyond its conventional representation of death, has been repurposed by this generation of speakers to denote laughter or embarrassment. The study further argues that the modern use of the skull emoji serves a dual function: it not only signifies humor/awkwardness but also acts as a tool to separate text, thereby being used as a makeshift punctuation mark.
This article is an in-depth qualitative literature review on the importance, benefits, and ways of parental involvement in the education of their children. It highlights the fact that parental involvement in their child's learning process offers many opportunities for success – improvements in the child's academic achievement, and social and emotional adjustment. The collaboration between the parent and the teacher is an important prerequisite for encouraging the full development of the child. It is therefore, parental involvement should be seen as an important tool for the advancement of the quality of education that should be part of regular school practice. The paper also analyzes the possibilities for parent participation in the various aspects of school life. Parental involvement can have different types, from simple informational conversation, and consulting parents, to active and passive participation of parents in curricular and extracurricular activities.
Given that the teachers’ feedback is among the essential factors that affect students’ achievements, the present study examines the teachers’ feedback quality in essays in the secondary education of the RNM, regarding its corrective nature, in the teaching subject Macedonian language and literature. Thus, the aim is to obtain a general picture on the feedback quality having in mind the theoretical indications on the way the feedback should be provided to fulfill its main function, i.e. to be corrective and to guide students’ toward improvement of their learning and achievements. The sample consists of 50 students’ essays, from first to fourth grade of the secondary education, on which teachers’ feedback is written, and the analysis rests upon coding and the inductive-interpretative method, and the comparison, as well. The research results indicate that there is a gap between the theory and the practice, i.e. the teachers’ feedback loses its corrective character. Instead of directing the students to undertake actions for enhancement of the identified shortcomings, the analyzed feedback comes down to the phrase be careful followed by the aspect on which the students should focus on, thus limiting their further steps in learning.
This research aims to improve student learning outcomes in mathematics learning about fractions using a chocolate bar context. The research method used is the Demonstration Method. The research subjects were class II students at SD Negeri 32 Prabumulih. Procedures for improving learning are carried out through Classroom Action Research (PTK) which takes place in 2 cycles. In the cycle, the activities carried out include: (1) Planning, (2) Implementation, (3) Observation, and (4) Reflection. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation sheets at each meeting by observers to see data about learning activities. The results of research data analysis showed that: In cycle I only 62.5% of students completed and 62.5% were actively involved in learning and in cycle II students who completed increased to 87.5% and 93.8% students who were active in learning. ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa dalam pembelajaran matematika materi pecahan dengan menggunakan konteks cokelat bar. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah Metode Demonstrasi. Subyek penelitian adalah siswa kelas II SD Negeri 32 Prabumulih. Prosedur Perbaikan pembelajaran dilakukan melalui Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK) yang berlangsung dalam 2 siklus. Dalam siklus, kegiatan yang dilakukan meliputi: (1) Perencanaan, (2) Pelaksanaan, (3) Observasi/ Pengamatan, dan (4) Refleksi. Teknik pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui lembar pengamatan tiap pertemuan oleh observer untuk melihat data tentang aktivitas belajar. Hasil dari analisis data penelitian diperoleh bahwa: Pada siklus I siswa yang tuntas hanya 62,5% dan yang terlibat aktif dalam pembelajaran 62,5% dan Pada siklus II siswa yang tuntas meningkat menjadi 87,5% dan siswa yang aktif dalam pembelajaran 93,8%.
幼儿阶段是幼儿形成语言的关键阶段，所以对幼儿的语言表达能力进行培养是非常重要的。大多数幼儿自身具有一定的观点和立场，由此也就具有一定的逻辑能力，经过一段时间的积累，熟练的动作越来越多，失误的动作越来越少，同时会根据自己的经验去判断事物。在本文中首先对幼儿的语言表达现状进行分析，然后介绍了培养幼儿语言能力的重要性并提出了几点在幼儿教育中培养幼儿语言表达能力的有效策略，期望能够为读者提供一些借鉴和参考。
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD – attention deficit hyperactivity disorder) and ADD – attention deficit disorder (ADD) are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity, and in the case of ADD it is attention without hyperactivity, which contradicts the child's developmental level. With all the research that is being done and that notes scientific knowledge, the picture of ADHD is changing and there are more specific prognoses and treatments for ADHD. This syndrome includes an increased motor activity in the child that is followed by a lack of attention and unpredictable and impulsive reactions. It can appear in the second or third year, but it is usually diagnosed when the child starts school. In the case when only the symptoms of a lack of attention are observed in a child or an adult, and they are not followed by hyperactivity, then it is about ADD (attention deficit disorder) - lack of attention. These people are withdrawn and lethargic, they live in their own world, they are quite sensitive, and they are often accused of being lazy and unmotivated, so they become anxious with low self-esteem (Ristevska, 2018). But many of them are highly intelligent and thanks to their sensitivity and creativity, they can find themselves in music, sports, art, and other areas that interest them. The aim of this thesis is to present and analyze attention deficit and hyperactivity in ADHD and ADD syndromes. These syndromes are one of the most common developmental problems that appear in childhood and continue throughout life. ADHD and ADD syndromes are and have been present in the past and continue to appear in more and more people, so there is a need for more research related to the topic of attention deficit and hyperactivity in both syndromes. Inclusion is becoming more frequent and present in people's lives, and ADHD and ADD syndromes are one of the most prevalent problems today. In this thesis, the history will be mentioned first and will be accompanied by explanations of the terms ADHD and ADD. Then follows an explanation of the differences between the two syndromes. The daily life of children with ADHD and ADD will also be mentioned. This thesis would not be complete without explaining the different types of ADHD and ADD, but also what factors contribute to the development of these syndromes. As the main goal of this thesis, attention deficit and hyperactivity in ADHD and attention deficit in ADD will be addressed. The characteristic signs of the disorder will also be mentioned. As the last but not least important part of this thesis, a treatment will be offered on how the two syndromes are diagnosed, the possible prevention, and the treatments that follow after the diagnosis of these syndromes.
The information and communication technology is the fastest growing sector of the Macedonian education, and it plays an important role in the education and economy as aprovider of jobs and generator of exports. The Republic of North Macedonia is implementinga series of measures to encourage employment and entrepreneurship, however, there are stillmany obstacles in practice, as well as missed opportunities.One of the main constraints that have been identified is Entrepreneurial ability described aseducation levels, experience, knowledge or the human capital one possesses to spot differentopportunities or to run a business. Introduction of the subject of entrepreneurship in schools means that today all students, inboth primary and secondary schools, are involved in entrepreneurship education. Previously,only those that attended special economic schools were included. Entrepreneurship as asubject is included in six regular courses in the ninth grade – where subjects such as physics,chemistry, biology, informatics, art and mathematics were revised to include topics inentrepreneurship.
The development of students' creativity is one of the main goals of educational activities. However, it is not always properly developed in the school environment, especially when it comes to the education of gifted students. Creativity can be challenging for most teachers due to lack of understanding and inadvertently inhibit it with teaching methods that are not aimed at encouraging student potential. Therefore, the teacher and his behavior play an important role in the development of creativity. The way teachers, especially in primary education, perceive creativity provides a basis for their real activities that are oriented towards the development of students' creativity. The purpose of this paper is to highlight teachers and their behaviors for developing creativity in the school environment from primary education.
A large number of studies confirm the influence that the native language has on the learning and use of English as a foreign language, especially regarding the correct pronunciation of sounds. Bearing in mind that the correct pronunciation of a foreign language sounds is one of the factors for successful oral and written communication among its foreign speakers and between them and the native speakers, in this paper, the sound systems of the Standard English (SEL) as a foreign language (EFL) and Standard Macedonian (SML) as a native language (MNL) are juxtaposed in order to detect the possibilities for interference, that is, the wrong perception and pronunciation of the sounds in the SEL, which consequently affects both the oral and written communication. The sample consists of the sound systems of both languages, which are juxtaposed by using contrastive analysis. The findings build on the results of worldwide research on this issue and show that the differences between the sound systems of these two languages do cause sound interference occurrences, i.e., the wrong perception and pronunciation of sounds in the EL, and consequently failed communication.
The word for Palm Sunday of St. Clement Ohridski is dedicated to the feast, which is susceptible to analysis from several aspects: interpretation of the medieval symbolism in the text. Its determination as a lesson, an eulogy word, or a compilation of elements of both kinds, its structure. No less interest causes the question of attribution, i.e., the determination of its authorship, as well as the data where the transcriptions of the word for Palm Sunday are found and the existence of only one edition.
Experiment-based teaching is a learning strategy by which students gain knowledge and skills through investigating, answering questions, collaborating, self-managing, and solving problems through communication, while the traditional method serves ready-made information to students that vanish very quickly. Therefore, in this paper, the topic of experiment-based teaching in chemistry and the role of incorporating experiments in students’ learning and development of their skills and abilities have been closely examined. This research implies an action research methodology, with a quasi-experimental design, and is conducted in Primary school ⹂Dardania” in Municipality of Pristina, from which students of two seventh grades participated. The pre and post-test method was used in the classroom where the lesson instructions were based on experiments, while in contrast, in another classroom with a group of students who served as a control group, the teaching was realized by applying the traditional teaching methods. Overall, the techniques and instruments of the research included the following: pre-test, observation of students during the learning process, checklist, and post-test. The research results showed that in the classroom where the learning is based on experiment-based teaching, the students are more motivated and active and show higher results in learning chemistry compared to students who have learned the same units based on traditional methods without integrating experiments. The practical value of this research relies on providing valuable results in encouraging teachers to use experiment-based teaching more often so that students can gain practical knowledge and skills to practice experimental work as the results indicated that students who learn in classes where teaching based on experiments is used, achieve higher results and show higher performance in the subject chemistry than those who have completed the lessons in classes where traditional methods are used without applying experiments.
Given that much research stresses out the positive homework impact on the students’ achievements in learning a foreign language, this study examines the English language elementary students’ opinions on homework in order to depict whether the Republic Kosovo’s elementary schools emphasize the significant role of homework in the foreign language teaching and learning process. Therefore, qualitative interviews with 30 English language elementary students from the sixth grade are conducted as a method for collecting data. The sample consists of 30 interviews’ transcript, and the analysis rests upon coding and the interpretative-inductive approach. The research results show that the elementary education in the Republic of Kosovo recognizes the homework importance and that homework plays a significant role in students’ success, i.e. it helps students to learn the lessons better and also allows them to become independent learners.
Given that much research stresses out the positive homework impact on the students’ achievements in learning a foreign language, this study examines the English languageelementary students’opinionson homeworkin order to depict whether the Republic Kosovo’s elementary schools emphasize the significant role of homework in the foreign language teaching and learning process. Therefore, qualitative interviews with 30 English language elementary students from the sixth grade are conducted as a method for collecting data. The sample consists of 30 interviews’ transcript, and the analysis rests upon coding and the interpretative-inductive approach. The research results showthat the elementary education in the Republic of Kosovo recognizes the homework importance and that homework playsa significant role in students’success, i.e. it helps students to learn the lessons better and also allows them to become independent learners
As digitization becomes more prevalent in the field of education, it is transforming the way we approach traditional teaching methods and redefining the role of educators. Electronic and online learning resources facilitate educational processes, enable time savings and contribute to the sustainability of knowledge. In this sense, with digitization in education, students are expected to be active participants in the educational process. Depending on the development of technology and technological capabilities, the application of e-learning is being strengthened in all countries worldwide, which means that online teaching is being implemented in the educational system at all levels. To effectively implement digitization in the educational process, it is crucial to develop digital skills among students and educators. These skills include competencies for coding and software creation, as well as the ability to effectively use digital devices, computers and the internet. By acquiring these digital skills, individuals can fully utilize the benefits of digitization in education and contribute to a more efficient and effective learning experience. Recognizing this, the purpose of this paper is to emphasize the importance of digital transformation in education at all levels, with a focus on digital transformation in higher education, as it can enable more efficient use of resources and help the RN Macedonia keep up with technological advancements, ultimately leading to a global competitive advantage. The paper analyzes the process of digital transformation in higher education in Macedonia, highlighting the importance of digital transformation through positive examples from several leading countries in this process. Additionally, the paper addresses concerns that have arisen as a result of the digital transformation of higher education, including digital learning models, digital teaching, and the digital university model and provides suggestions for more effective digital transformation in higher education.
The question of the attribution of the colloquially named Pannonian legends, i.e., the hagiography of St. Cyril and the hagiography of St. Methodius, is very important from two aspects. It is essential for the attribution of Saint Clement's work, and on the other hand, these two hagiographies represent written documents that provide the closest data on the Moravian mission, i.e., on the Cyril Methodius issue, one of the most significant points on which Slavic philology rests. The fact that the Moravian mission is a testimony to the formation of the new strong European civilization – the Slavic one – is undoubtedly important.
The concept of quiet ego is conceived as a personal identity that transcends selfishness without ignoring personal interest at the same time. It is measured through a scale consisting of 14 items. The limited scope of research on this concept in psychological literature, as well as the absence of research for the Macedonian population, is the main motive for this research. This research aims to examine the psychometric properties of the Quiet Ego Scale and the validity of the construct of Quiet Ego (Quiet Ego Scale, Waymet, Bauer & Slaskia, 2014). Two studies were conducted for the purposes of the study. The first study is a correlational one, in which, in addition to the Quiet Ego Measurement Scale, instruments for measuring of narcissism (Narcissism Measurement Inventory, Raskin & Terry, 1988) and of empathy (Toronto Empathy Questionnaire, Spreng et al, 2009) are been set. In this study the analysis of the main components also take part. The results have shown that the Quiet Ego Scale has satisfactory internal homogeneity and a factor structure that confirms the theoretical solution of the construct, as well as a significant correlation with concepts similar and contrary to the researched concept. Using an experimental design, in the second study the levels of narcissism and empathy were manipulated (increased narcissism vs. reduced narcissism and increased empathy versus reduced empathy), in order to investigate the impact of different levels of narcissism and empathy on the level of quiet ego. The results of the second study confirmed the relationship between quiet ego, narcissism and empathy and justification for using the construct of the quiet ego.
