Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia commonly associated with insulin resistance at high risk of renal, neurological and cardiovascular complications. It is defined as a multifactorial etiology disease where genetic predisposition and lifestyle play an important role in pathophysiology and onset. Recently, genome wide association studies (GWAS) have been widely used to identify deregulated expression of T2DM related genes and genetic risk factors that can contribute, together with environmental and behavior factors, to T2DM onset. Since its dual feature, anti-diabetic effective therapy need to acknowledge the genetic contribution to T2DM pathophysiology. The pharmacological treatment of T2DM depends on blood glucose levels and/or glycated hemoglobin (HbAc1): well-compensated patients with normal HbA1c levels are, generally, treated with oral hypoglycemic drugs, such as metformin, associated with a diet that limits carbohydrate intake. Conversely, the uncompensated patient, with high levels of HbAc1 is generally treated with insulin or other new generation drugs or a combination of them. Given the multifactorial nature of T2DM, recent studies have identified personalized therapy as a powerful means to refine the effectiveness of the therapy itself, paving the way for precision medicine.
Sex remains too often a taboo in the dialogue between parents and children. And this is a problem because kids know little or nothing about sexually transmitted diseases, which, according to the Higher Institute of Health, are growing. Moreover, adolescents are not even concerned about HIV risk. On the other hand, the age of the first relationship seems to be decreasing, increasingly promiscuous and anaffective : Adolescents seek pleasure but not falling in love. Even the school does little to provide information on the subject and therefore often, as indeed happened in the past generations, the source of (scarce) knowledge is friends, and social media. In this paper, we intend to analyze the relationship between sexual behavior of university students, risk behavior related to sexuality and the role of parents. Data derive from two surveys carried out in 2000 and 2017 and methods used is logistic regression. The aim of this paper consist therefore into verifying the following two hypotheses, also controlling the change over time in the behavior of young people: (i) The more the parents communicate with their children, the less are the risks for the adolescents; (ii) the more the risk behavior in the domains of alcohol, drug and driving, the more are the sexual risks for the adolescents.
