教学投入是影响教师发展和教学质量的关键变量,也是中国高等教育界关注的热点问题,但当前关于高校教师教学投入的研究却明显滞后于实践发展需求.文章基于全国221所本科高校8255名教师的调查数据,首次系统考察了高校教师教学投入的影响因素和作用机制.研究结果支持了"环境—自我—投入—结果"模型:教学投入受到教学环境感知和教学自我效能感的影响,并直接影响教学效果和工作满意度.高校要努力为教师营造良好的教学环境,提供充分的教学支持,改善教学体验,提升教师的教学自我效能感,激励他们将更多的时间和精力投入教学活动之中,从而提升课程教学质量以及工作满意度.
高等教育国际化与区域化、公共政策与大学自主创新形成的合力推动了欧洲大学科研评价变革.欧洲大学科研评价变革在评价标准、评价理念、评价原则、评价管理方面呈现新动向:倡导多元与包容评价理念,整合结果评价与过程评价,融合个人评价与团队评价,贯穿统一标准与分类评价,统筹定性评价与定量评价.欧洲大学科研评价实践为深入推动中国大学科研评价改革提供诸多参考:革新评价理念,推动包容性评价;聚焦研究质量,增进过程性评价;鼓励开放协作,探索团队性评价;尊重多维差异,细化分类性评价;优化同行评议,助力定性评价.
Teaching,scientific research and social service are the three major functions of colleges to serve the cultivation of talents.The integration of vocational and general education,the integration of industry and education,and the integration of science and education are the top-level design of China's voca-tional education development planning in the 20th CPC national congress.Promoting the"three-integra-tions"with the three functions is a regular requirement for building a high-quality higher education sys-tem in the new era,and it is also a realistic requirement and political responsibility for higher vocational schools to improve their development level.The structural strategy for the three functions of colleges to promote the"three-integration"is to reform the classified training mode of higher education talents in the new era with the integration of vocational and general education as the core;focusing on the integra-tion of industry and education,explore the innovative development mechanism of higher vocational edu-cation in the new era;taking the integration of science and education as the direction,improve the train-ing ability of characteristic talents in higher vocational education in the new era.The logical construction of the colleges'three functions to promote the"three-integration"is to fully implement the Party's educa-tion policies and implement the fundamental task of moral education in colleges.Its theoretical support is the theoretical innovations on the integrated development of education,science and technology and tal-ents in the report of the 20th CPC national congress;its institutional guarantee is the country's strategic de-ployment to prioritize the development of education,secure self-reliance and self-improvement in sci-ence and technology,and attain talent leadership.
In the era of"mass entrepreneurship and innovation",traditional teaching models have become inadequate to meet the new requirements for cultivating innovative and entrepreneurial talents.Universi-ties and colleges of finance and economics should,based on the OBE(Outcome-Based Education)con-cept,vigorously reform their teaching models for innovation and entrepreneurship.It is essential to clarify the training objectives of innovation and entrepreneurship education,refine the curriculum design,in-crease resource investment in innovation and entrepreneurship education,and strengthen the evaluation of outcomes in innovation and entrepreneurship performance,so as to enhance the overall quality of tal-ent training in higher education and explore new breakthroughs in cultivating compound talents for inno-vation and entrepreneurship.
Focusing on human well-being and emphasizing the realization of self-worth and meaning should be the central themes of vocational education in the new era.The instrumental purpose,the su-premacy of technology,and the employment-oriented logic of action have led to the commodification of inherent values of vocational education,making it gradually lose its essential"happiness".Vocational education should not be restricted to the narrow roles of"technical personnel"and"instrumental labor-ers",instead,it should reflect the intrinsic value of individuals and their quest for happiness,allowing teachers and students to actively experience freedom and happiness during the educational process.The process of assigning humanistic value and imparting ethical cultivation in vocational education is also the practice of self-transformation and growth.Moreover,it shapes the concrete form of"happy vocational education".
