Elite education was an ideal type of higher education aimed at cultivating spiritual nobilities.In the process of industrial civilization,elite education has gradually evolved into elitism and meritocracy,and people's misunderstanding of meritocracy has intensified the irrational competition in higher education.In the modern hierarchical higher education system,elite education shows deficiencies in diversity,inclusion,and other aspects.The cultivation of elites cannot follow one model.Scientific research and innovation talents,craftsmen of great powers,and talents with new skills are all elites.In the stage of universalizing higher education,we need to reconstruct another ideal type of higher education that encourages diversity and inclusiveness,called new elite education.The framework of the new elite education paradigm includes adhering to value orientation and contributing justice;the core elements focusing on grasping the heterogeneity of talent cultivation and scientific research in different types of universities;and the operational logic advocating the classification and cultivation of elite talents.The ideal new elite education paradigm should simultaneously involve the people-oriented and national nature of higher education,promoting the realization of educational and social functions and meeting national needs through exercising human subjectivity value.In the practical approach,new elite education needs to break through the dilemma of uneven supply of institutions and resources,or the dual dependence of institutions and resources.
欧盟将自身视为国际社会的规范扩散者,致力于通过高等教育这种软性的介入方式向其他行为体扩散欧盟的规范,增强欧盟的国际话语权和影响力.在对中亚的高等教育发展战略行动中,欧盟采取了规范说服、规范援引和话语塑造三种方式,促进规范在中亚的传播和扩散,也推动中亚地区和国家按照"欧洲模式"进行教育变革和转型.但其高等教育发展战略行动也因带有新殖民主义色彩而引发争议.欧盟在中亚的高等教育发展战略行动的成功经验及存在的本质问题也为我国深化同中亚的教育交流合作提供了反思和启示.
职普融通是当前全球教育改革的潮流,职业教育高等化和高等教育职业化是21世纪国际教育发展的共同趋势.为推动职普融通,英国建立了T-Level资格考试制度,并于2022年开启了第一轮考试.围绕"谁来考、考什么、怎么考"等核心问题,T-Level资格考试制度形成了多元主体协同参与的考评主体、知识与技能并重的考评内容、纸笔考试与操作考试并行的考评方式.党和政府高度重视职业教育,提出要推进职普融通,加快构建现代职业教育体系.构建职教高考制度是我国推进职普融通、加快构建现代职业教育体系的重要举措.英国T-Level资格考试制度的经验,对于我国建立和完善职教高考制度、促进职普融通具有启示意义.当前,健全我国职教高考制度体系,需着力打破"横向融通"的体制性障碍,构建职普融通的有效通道;引导行业企业参与职教高考,提高职业教育社会认可度;完善职教高考内容与方式,构建职普融通考评体系.
大学生思政教育的创新实践一直是高校教学体系中必不可少的重要组成部分.随着大学生群体在成长环境、心理状态、认知水平和实践经验上的显著变化,为了全面提升高校大学生思政教育的有效性,高校及教师应当做好大学生群体的观察分析,探讨行之有效的思政教育策略与方法.
信任是助推教育改革并简化教育复杂问题的润滑剂,制度化的职业本科教育系统需要获取社会公众的信任.我国职业本科教育诞生于现代风险社会,职业本科的教育身份难以获得社会公众认可,办学主体亦存在争议,导致职业本科教育缺失社会公众信任.获取信任的关键在于职业本科教育系统自身的完善.因此,构建职业本科教育信任的逻辑进路为:明晰职业本科教育诞生于风险社会的特定背景作为信任的基础;聚焦职业本科教育身份的本体允诺作为信任的核心愿景;优化作为信任客体的职业本科教育办学主体并激发其办学能动性;创设监督评价机制以保障信任的功能替代.
