Clarifying the subject of risk bearing and sharing proportion of Public-Private Partnership(PPP)project in operational water conservancy scenic spots is fundamental to attracting social capital,fostering government-enterprise collaboration,and ensuring the healthy and sustainable development of such projects.Using the WSR methodology,this paper identifies 23 risks in PPP projects for operational water conservancy scenic spots based on the three dimensions of Wuli,Shili,and Renli.It establishes risk sharing principles and clarifies the responsible entities for each risk.For risks to be jointly borne by the government and enterprises,a stochastic cooperative game model is constructed,and the AHP-Shapley value method is used to calculate the Shapley value for risk sharing.A proportional risk sharing model between the government and enterprises for jointly borne risks in such projects is established.The feasibility of the model is verified using a case study of a PPP project in an operational water conservancy scenic spot in Jiangsu Province.The results indicate that risks and their responsible entities in PPP projects for operational water conservancy scenic spots can be systematically identified based on the dimensions of Wuli,Shili,and Renli,and the proportion of risks that should be shared between the government and enterprises is determined using the AHP-Shapley value method.
As a fundamental industry related to the national economy and people's livelihood,the water conservancy industry possesses both public and market attributes.The fulfillment of corporate social responsibility(CSR)by companies in this sector not only affects their sustainable development but also has a profound impact on water resource management,ecological protection,and social stability.Under the policy guidance of fully promoting ecological civilization and high-quality development,water conservancy enterprises face dual pressures of fulfilling corporate social responsibilities and improving operational performance.Using A-share listed companies in China's water conservancy corporatesector from 2010 to 2020 as a sample,this paper adopts a two-way fixed effects model to analyze the impact of CSR on corporate performance and the moderating effect of government intervention based on an unbalanced panel.Additionally,this study examines the heterogeneous effects of CSR on corporate performance by classifying enterprises according to ownership type and business type.The results show that companies with high CSR exhibit superior performance levels;government intervention has a moderating effect and can weaken the positive impact of CSR on corporate performance.The grouped results indicate significant heterogeneous effects of CSR on corporate performance.The positive driving effect of CSR on the performance of state-owned enterprises(SOEs)is significantly stronger than that of non-SOEs;compared with companies focusing on water resource protection and management,CSR in companies focusing on water industry development and application has a more significant positive impact on corporate performance.
Addressing the limitations of existing studies,which tend to focus on single realization models and lack systematic institutional analysis,while exhibiting insufficient participation of market actors,this paper develops an integrated analytical framework centered on market orientation.Based on clarifying the concept,typology,and multidimensional value connotations of water ecological products,the paper interprets their composite value structure from the perspectives of direct use value,indirect use value,and non-use value.This paper systematically outlines four fundamental models for realizing the value of water ecological products:water ecological restoration and value enhancement,water ecological rights trading,industrialized operation of water ecological products,and ecological compensation,and comparatively analyzes their operational logic and applicable conditions.Combining institutional supply and market practice,this paper identifies key constraints currently faced in China,including inadequate monitoring systems,non-standardized evaluation and accounting mechanisms,immature operational and development frameworks,imperfect compensation schemes,and insufficient property-right and regulatory guarantees.In response,it proposes a closed-loop institutional optimization pathway structured around"monitoring-accounting-development-compensation-guarantee",emphasizing the central role of market mechanisms,multi-actor collaboration,and coordinated institutional support.
The river chief system,as an institutional innovation in China's river and lake governance practices,still face the practical challenge of implementation failures during its operation.Based on an analysis of the manifestations of implementation failures at the grassroots level,this paper employs Smith's policy implementation process model to construct a flexible implementation logic analytical framework encompassing four dimensions:policy texts,implementing agencies,target groups,and task environments,aiming to explore the underlying causes of implementation failures in the grassroots river chief system.Findings indicate that implementation failures at the grassroots level result from the combined effects of highly ambiguous and conflict-ridden policy texts,implementing agencies with limited authority and resources,target groups exhibiting low awareness and weak collaborative efforts,and an operational environment characterized by intense tasks and high pressure.Remedial measures should focus on standardizing enforcement practices,strengthening organizational foundations,mobilizing social forces,and alleviating implementation burdens,thereby ensuring the effective operation of the river chief system and enhancing its policy efficacy.
Water ecological civilization serves as the foundation for ecological civilization.Studying the key influencing factors and the patterns of spatiotemporal heterogeneity in the development of water ecological civilization is crucial for the Huaihe River Eco-economic Belt to become a demonstration zone for ecological civilization construction within the river basins.Based on panel data from 25 prefecture-level cities in the Huaihe River Eco-economic Belt from 2006 to 2020,this paper utilizes a comprehensive evaluation model to measure the development level and spatiotemporal evolution of water ecological civilization.It further employs the GTWR model to explore the spatiotemporal heterogeneity of its influencing factors.The results show that the Huaihe River Eco-economic Belt exhibits significant non-stationarity in the temporal evolution of water ecological civilization,with the coexistence of spatial path lock-in and transition.The influencing factors demonstrate notable spatiotemporal heterogeneity.Specifically,economic growth generally has a positive effect,decreasing from east to west.Industrialization exhibits an overall negative effect,increasing from northwest to southeast.Population density generally has a negative impact,with intensity varying as downstream、upstream、midstream.Opening-up has both positive and negative effects,with positive effects concentrated in the upstream and negative effects focused on the midstream and downstream,where the intensity of impact in the downstream is higher than that in the upstream.Urbanization has dual impacts,with positive effects centered in the midstream and negative effects mainly in the downstream and upstream,with the downstream exhibiting stronger impact intensity than the upstream.Regions should adopt differentiated strategies based on their actual conditions to enhance the development level of water ecological civilization.
