Social isolation in older adults: the role of social exclusion and disconnection Social isolation is considered a common problem in older adults and is defined as the objective lack of social contacts with others along with feelings of exclusion and isolation. 812 cases participated in this study, the average age of the participants was 67.45 years, with an age range between 60 and 80 years. Self-report measures were used through a battery of evaluation instruments composed of: Social isolation, FoMO, Feelings of social exclusion, social disconnection and sociodemographic data. The results have shown a relationship between FoMO, social exclusion and social disconnection. The scope and limits of the findings are discussed.
This study aims to describe clinical aspects that favored the efficacy of the 'Video-feedback intervention to promote positive parenting and sensitive discipline' (VIPP-SD) in a low SES dyad from Lima-Per & uacute;. The dyad consisted of a 37-year-old mother and her 17-month-old child living in a high-risk context. The intervention's results on maternal sensitivity were measured using the Maternal Behaviour Q-Set 3.1. The mother went from a sensitivity score of-.53 before the intervention to .78 after it. This change's statistical significance and clinical relevance was confirmed using the RCI indicator and the analysis of therapeutic change indicators proposed by Krause et al. (2006). The strategies used to strengthen the therapeutic alliance and maintain maternal commitment to the intervention are discussed.
In academic literature, there is a lack of agreement on the conceptualization of fear of crime. Thus, some research proposes that this construct should be measured in a unidimensional way. Other research defends the idea that fear of crime should be categorized in multidimensional terms. The aim of this study is to propose a systematic review of the construct of fear of crime in Ibero-Latin American with the objective of identifying its conceptualizations and associated variables. Using the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review) methodology, articles published in Spanish were searched in the following databases: Scielo (n = 194), Redalyc (n = 270), Latindex (n = 5) y Dialnet (n = 176). The evidence found in the articles demonstrates that in the case of Ibero-Latin American, there is ambiguity in the construct, as fear of crime is often referred to as a concept equivalent to, for example, the perception of insecurity. Furthermore, it appears that fear of crime is conceptualized largely from an emotional perspective. Finally, the variables most studied in research on fear of crime are those related to its individual-psychological effects (well-being or emotions) and victimization (direct and indirect).
A single-item instrument is introduced to identify the family relationship model from the young people perspective (MOREFAM). Content validity by eight Mexican experts judgment and convergence validity was evaluated using the Family Functioning Test and the Authentic Happiness Questionnaire. The content of the verbalizations was analyzed to identify the psychological state of the adolescents. The sample consisted of 230 youngsters between the ages of 15 and 22 from various high schools in Monterrey, Mexico. An association was found between the levels of family functionality and happiness with the different family models. The instrument, easy to apply, allows a quick approach to the style of interaction between parents and children, revealing the feeling, thinking, and acting of adolescents from Monterrey, based on their family model.
The Theory of Social Representations, proposed by Serge Moscovici in 1961, is a milestone in understanding social thought. This study analyzed 285 abstracts from Ibero-American psychology journals available in the SciELO database, processed with the IRAMuTeQ software. Five thematic classes were identified within two main axes: the first addresses methodological aspects, Class 1 (analysis techniques and software) and Class 2 (sample characteristics); the second concerns the development of studies on Social Representations, Class 3 (family-related themes), Class 4 (health themes), and Class 5 (contents of Moscovici's Theory). It was found that IRAMuTeQ structured classes consistent with the abstracts and highlighted the predominance of Moscovici's theoretical
