社会疏离普遍存在于脑卒中患者的疾病过程中,且与脑卒中疾病互为影响.本文从脑卒中患者社会疏离的概述、国内外研究现状、测评工具及影响因素等方面进行综述,并提出减轻脑卒中患者社会疏离的建议,旨在为提高脑卒中患者社会参与度、促进社会融入提供理论依据.
Objective To deeply understand the self-management obstacles in patients with ankylosing spondylitis(AS)in emerging adulthood,so as to provide a reference for the development of future self-management intervention protocols for these patients.Methods From February to October 2021,a total of 14 patients were selected by convenience sampling who visited or were hospitalized in the Rheumatology and Immunology Department of a Grade III-A hospital in Nanjing for AS in emerging adulthood.They underwent face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews based on the interview outline designed from the Integrated Model of Change and the descriptive phenomenological approach.Then,the interview data were analyzed by Colaizzi's 7-step analysis method.Results A total of 3 themes and 7 sub-themes were extracted address the self-management obstacles in patients with AS in emerging adulthood as follows.Lack of self-management willingness in the awareness stage:weak self-management willingness,lack of self-management knowledge and skills,and insufficient perception of the benefits and consequences of self-management behaviors;lack of health management beliefs in the motivation stage:lack of health management beliefs,and insufficient information support for effective self-management;lack of social support and supervision in the action stage:poor compliance with self-management behaviors,low level of self-efficacy,and weak support and supervision of family members and healthcare providers.Conclusion Healthcare providers should strengthen the self-management awareness of patients with AS in emerging adulthood and improve their perception of disease risk.They should also expand access to professional information so as to help patients establish correct health management beliefs.Furthermore,they should fully mobilize the social support system and actively explore a disease management model for patients with AS in emerging adulthood that aligns with China's realities.
Objective To summarize the best evidence for postpartum glucose management in women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)by retrieving and evaluating domestic and foreign literature.Methods Rel-evant articles were retrieved from the databases at home and abroad,and then target articles were evaluated and graded based on the literature evaluation and evidence grading criteria specified by Australia's JBI evi-dence-based healthcare center,in order to extract the best evidence for postpartum glucose management in women with GDM.Results A total of 24 articles were finally included,including 12 guidelines,1 expert con-sensus,3 clinical decisions and 8 systematic reviews.A total of 20 pieces of best evidence were summarized,involving the following 5 aspects:postpartum glucose screening,pharmaceutical administration,lifestyle inter-vention,breastfeeding guidance,and postpartum contraception and planned pregnancy management.Conclusion The best evidence for postpartum glucose management in women with GDM can offer standardized measures for glu-cose management in these patients and serve as a clinical practice reference for healthcare providers.
Objective To analyze the studies on scientific research performance management in Chinese hospitals,understand the research status and future trends in this field,and provide valuable insights for researchers in this field to select research topics.Methods Articles about scientific research performance management in Chinese hospitals were retrieved with subject terms in CNKI,Wanfang Data and VIP.Then,bibliometrics analysis was made on the number of publications,authors,research institutions and keywords by using the CiteSpace software.Results A total of 286 articles were included in this study.Since 1998,the number of publications has shown an overall upward trend.The top three magazines with the highest number of publications were the Chinese Journal of Medical Science Research Management,Chinese Hospital Management and Hospital Administration Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army.The top three institutions with the highest number of publications were Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Beijing University of Chinese Medicine and Peking University People's Hospital,forming a cooperative network of research authors centered on Sun Ruihua.The top five keywords were scientific research performance,hospital,scientific research management,performance appraisal and performance evaluation.A total of 9 natural clusters were formed:scientific research performance,scientific research funds,scientific research,scientific research management,indicator system,performance appraisal,scientific research output,performance evaluation and sci-tech papers.In the past three years,the hotspots of domestic studies on hospital scientific research performance management have focused on the research content and research object.The research content encompassed scientific research performance,scientific research management,performance appraisal and performance evaluation;the research object involved public hospitals,hospital departments and clinicians.Conclusion In recent years,there has been a continuous increase in the number of publications on scientific research performance management in Chinese hospitals;however,challenges persist with regard to inadequate publication and limited research content.The strengthening of cooperation between regions and hospitals is recommended to further stimulate the research potential of hospital researchers,thereby facilitating in-depth studies on scientific research performance management in Chinese hospitals.
目的 了解COPD患者"互联网+护理服务"体验,探讨影响"互联网+护理服务"管理的因素.方法 2021年5月至2022年7月,采用目的抽样方法选取接受过江苏省某三级医院"互联网+护理服务"COPD线下家庭护理服务的16例患者作为研究对象,通过半结构访谈进行资料收集,运用主题分析法确定主题与亚主题.结果 针对COPD患者"互联网+护理服务"体验共提取3个主题:①COPD"互联网+护理服务"方案的优点(增加熟悉感、提供便利、提高自我掌控感);②COPD"互联网+护理服务"方案的缺点(信息针对性不强、反馈时效性低、增加焦虑);③COPD"互联网+护理服务"方案的普及任重道远(护理认可度低、患者隐私安全需加强、患者互联网技术素养不高、平台智能性不足、未纳入医保).结论 互联网+护理服务"的应用可以提升COPD患者安全感,减少医疗服务成本,在新型冠状病毒感染流行期间可以减少患者入院次数,提高生活质量,值得推广.同时,管理者应优化微信平台服务内容及形式,提高患者平台使用体验感;规范护理人员准入制度,提高患者对护理认可度;加强患者出院指导,提高其平台使用能力.
