This study aims to investigate the effects of selenium on potassium absorption and accumulation, as well as the influence of varying concentrations of selenium-potassium combined applications on the growth of banana seedlings. A combined selenium-potassium application experiment was conducted on Guijiao No. 9 banana seedlings, using potassium chloride (KCl) as the potassium source and sodium selenate (Na₂SeO₄) as the selenium source. At 20 and 40 days post-treatment, measurements were taken for the fresh and dry weights, as well as the selenium and potassium contents in the roots, stems, and leaves. Additionally, leaf antioxidant enzyme activities, soluble protein content, and soluble sugar content were assessed. Under a constant KCl concentration, an increase in Na₂SeO₄ concentration initially led to an increase in fresh and dry weights of the roots, stems, and leaves, along with enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, soluble protein, and soluble sugar contents at 20 days post-treatment, which subsequently decreased. The potassium contents in the roots and stems showed no significant variation at 20 days but displayed an initial increase followed by a decline at 40 days, while leaf potassium content remained largely unchanged. The selenium contents in all plant tissues exhibited an increasing trend. Transcriptome analysis identified 2,455, 3,530, 3,134, 2,541, 3,422, 1,101, 471, and 3,221 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the groups YT1/YCK1, YT2/YCK2, YCK1/YCK2, YT1/YT2, GT1/GCK1, GT2/GCK2, GCK1/GCK2, and GT1/GT2, respectively. A significant number of these DEGs were enriched in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway. Notably, 472 DEGs from the GT1/GT2 comparison may play a key role in promoting selenium and potassium absorption in banana seedlings. The combination of KCl at 400 mg·L⁻¹ and Na₂SeO₄ at 1.0 mg·L⁻¹ increased the biomass of roots, stems, and leaves, as well as in selenium and potassium contents, and enhanced antioxidant enzyme activities, which facilitated the growth of banana seedlings. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that DEGs were significantly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction pathways. Significance: The findings provide theoretical support for further studies on the physiological and biochemical effects, as well as the yield and quality of field-cultivated banana.

BACKGROUND:Fusarium solani-melongenae-induced stem rot poses a significant threat to passion fruit production. Therefore, the identification of resistant germplasm and disease resistance mechanisms is essential for enhancing disease management strategies. However, resistance mechanisms in passion fruit remain poorly understood. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to systematically assess the core resistance mechanisms of passion fruit to stem rot using multi-omics approaches and gene functional validation by virus-induced gene silencing (VIGS). RESULTS:After screening 11 passion fruit varieties, we identified DN-2 as resistant and Mantianxing (MTX) as a highly susceptible variety, with lesion length in MTX being 2.9 times greater than in DN-2 at 9 days post-inoculation (dpi). Besides, DN-2 maintained superior photosynthetic performance compared to MTX. Physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses revealed that the resistance of DN-2 reflected a robust early antioxidant enzyme response and a marked activation of the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway. Notably, silencing three key flavonoid genes (Pe4CL9, PeANR1, and PeFLS5) significantly compromised resistance by increasing lesion lengths by 2.0-, 1.6-, and 1.3-fold, respectively, confirming that these genes positively regulate resistance to stem rot. CONCLUSION:The flavonoid biosynthesis pathway serves as a key pathway underlying passion fruit resistance to F. solani-melongenae stem rot. The identification of the resistance genes Pe4CL9, PeANR1, and PeFLS5 provides molecular targets for breeding resistant cultivars, thereby improving the sustainable development of passion fruit production. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

Background: The passion fruit (Passiflora edulis Sims) is a diploid plant (2n = 2x = 18) and is a perennial scrambling vine in Southern China. However, the occurrence and spread of stem rot in passion fruit severely impact its yield and quality. Methods: In this study, we re-sequenced a BC1F1 population consisting of 158 individuals using whole-genome resequencing. We constructed a high-density genetic linkage map and identified the quantitative trait locus (QTL), and analyzed candidate genes associated with stem rot resistance in passion fruit. Results: Based on the passion fruit reference genome (MER), a high-density genetic linkage map was constructed with 1,180,406 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The map contains nine linkage groups, covering a total genetic distance of 1559.03 cM, with an average genetic distance of 311.81 cM. The average genetic distance between 4206 bins was 0.404 cM, and the average gap length was 10.565 cM. The collinearity correlation coefficient between the genetic map and the passion fruit genome was 0.9994. Fusarium solani was used to infect the BC1F1 population, and the resistance to stem rot showed a continuous distribution. A QTL, qPSR5, was mapped to the 113,377,860 bp–114,811,870 bp genomic region on chromosome 5. We performed RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) to analyze the expression levels of predicted genes in the candidate region and identified ZX.05G0020740 and ZX.05G0020810 as ideal candidate genes for stem rot resistance in passion fruit. Conclusions: The findings in this study not only lay the foundation for cloning the qPSR5 responsible for stem rot resistance but also provide genetic resources for the genetic improvement of passion fruit.

Stem rot disease poses a significant challenge in passion fruit production, necessitating the identification of resistant genes for the development of stem rot resistant varieties. In this study, we conducted artificial inoculation of Fusarium solani on leaves of two passion fruit varieties, `Huangjinguo' and `Ziguo 7'. Leaf samples were collected at 0 h, 24 h, and 48 h post-inoculation for RNA-sequenc ing (RNA-seq) analysis, and 3 370, 4 464, and 3 974 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified at these stages. Gene Ontology (GO) analysis revealed associations with functions such as response to reactive oxygen species (ROS), response to hydrogen peroxide, and protein complex oligomerisation. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analysis highlighted the enrichment of DEGs in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, including genes such as ZX.06G0025070, ZX.01G0064640, ZX.04G0011040, ZX.05G0011380, all implicated in lignin biosynthesis. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified three modules significantly associated with passion fruit stem rot resistance. Network analysis highlighted ZX.08G0013660 as the gene with the highest connectivity in these modules, featuring a leucine-rich repeat domain. Reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) analysis further validated ZX.08G0013660 and other genes as potential candidates for passion fruit stem rot resistance. Overall, genes related to ROS, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and leucine-rich repeat domain protein likely play critical roles in passion fruit stem rot resistance. This study provides new insights for breeding passion fruit varieties resistant to stem rot disease.

Integrating high-value climbing fruit crops into tea (Camellia sinensis) systems offers potential to improve tea quality and diversify income, yet the density-dependent effects on both crops remain unquantified. This study evaluated tea intercropped with Siraitia grosvenorii (SG) and Passiflora edulis (PE) at three planting densities (low, medium, high), assessing tea leaf biochemical traits alongside fruit physical and intrinsic quality parameters. All intercropping treatments significantly increased tea leaf chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content compared with monoculture (CK), with maxima in PE-H (1.188, 0.447, and 1.635 mg/g) and SG-H (1.166, 0.425, and 1.591 mg/g), respectively. Tea polyphenol content decreased with increasing density, most notably in PE-H (−21.63% vs. CK), while free amino acids increased under SG-M (+20.50%) and PE-L (+19.10%). The polyphenol-to-amino acid ratio declined across treatments, with the largest reductions in PE-L (−24.36%) and SG-M (−19.62%). Water extract content rose in all intercropped systems, peaking in SG-H (+5.82%) and PE-H (+2.12%). For S. grosvenorii, SG-H achieved the highest single-fruit weight (94.37g), transverse diameter (54.56mm), proportion of medium/large fruits (94.58%), and sugar contents (reducing sugar 6.69%, total sugar 12.01%). For P. edulis, PE-H produced the highest soluble solids (17.82%), soluble sugars (12.27%), solid-acid ratio (6.72), and sugar-acid ratio (4.62), indicating superior flavor, whereas PE-M maximized titratable acids (2.74%) and peel thickness (5.16mm), and PE-L yielded the highest edible ratio (46.68%). This work provides density-resolved evidence that tea-climbing plant intercropping can simultaneously enhance tea leaf quality, and improve fruit sweetness and flavor profiles. Optimal densities vary by species, offering a dual-quality, agroecologically viable model for tea-based polyculture.

\u3010Objective\u3011<\/strong>This study aimed to elucidate the flower bud differentiation process in the primary passion fruit (Passiflora edulis<\/i>) varieties within Southern China\u2019s ecological region. Additionally, it sought to establish a flower growth model depicting the morphological differentiation of passion fruit flower buds, so as to serve as a reference for promoting and retenting passion fruit flowers.<\/p><\/sec>\u3010Method\u3011<\/strong>Tainong No. 1 (TN) as the predominant cult

The cultivated passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) is a diploid plant (2n=2x=18) and is an important fruit tree in southern China. However, the occurrence and spread of stem rot in passion fruit severely impact its yield and quality. This study aims to construct a high-density genetic linkage map and identify the quantitative trait locus (QTL) and candidate genes associated with stem rot resistance in passion fruit. In this study, we used an HG and ZG7 hybrid to develop a BC1F1 population consisting of 158 individuals. Take a previously published passion fruit genome as reference, a high-density genetic linkage map was constructed with 1,180,406 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The map contains 9 linkage groups, covering a total genetic distance of 1559.03 cM, with an average genetic distance of 311.81 cM. The average genetic distance between 4206 bins was 0.404 cM, and the average gap length was 10.565 cM. The collinearity correlation coefficient between the genetic map and the passion fruit genome was 0.9994. Fusarium solani was used to infect the BC1F1 population, and the resistance to stem rot showed a continuous distribution. A QTL, qPSR5, was identified in the 145.878-152.951 cM region on the 5th linkage group. We performed RNA-seq and RT-qPCR to analyze the expression levels of predicted genes in the candidate region and identified ZX.05G0020740 and ZX.05G0020810 as ideal candidate genes for stem rot resistance in passion fruit. The findings in this study not only lay the foundation for cloning the qPSR5 responsible for stem rot resistance but also provide genetic resources for the genetic improvement of passion fruit.

Information of the Passiflora genome is still very limited. Understand the evolutionary relationship between different species of Passiflora , and develop a large number of SSR markers to provide a basis for the genetic improvement of Passiflora . Applying restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RAD-Seq) technology, we studied the phylogeny, simple sequence repeat (SSR) and marker transferability of 10 accessions of 6 species of Passiflora . Taking the partial assembly sequence of accessions P4 as the reference genome, we constructed the phylogenetic tree using the detected 46,451 high-quality single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), showing that P6, P7, P8 and P9 were a single one while P5 and P10 were clustered together, and P1, P2, P3 and P4 were closer in genetic relationship. Using P8 as the reference genome, a total of 12,452 high-quality SNPs were used to construct phylogenetic tree. P3, P4, P7, P8, P9 and P10 were all single branch while P1 and P2 were clustered together, and P5 and P6 were clustered into one branch. A principal component analysis (PCA) revealed a similar population structure, which four cultivated passion fruits forming a tight cluster. A total of 2,614 SSRs were identified in the genome of 10 Passiflora accessions. The core motifs were AT, GA, AAG etc., 2-6 bases, 4-16 repeats, and 2,515 pairs of SSR primer were successfully developed. T the SSR transferability in cultivated passion fruits is the best. These results will contribute to the study of genomics and molecular genetics in passion fruit.

香蕉枯萎病主要由尖孢镰刀菌4号生理小种(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.cubense,Foc4)引起的一种土传病害,严重威胁香蕉产业的可持续发展.为寻求一种经济有效且环保的防治措施,以韭菜化感物质的衍生物草莓酸(strawberry acid,SA)为材料,通过平板和盆栽实验,研究了SA对Foc4的菌丝生长、香蕉枯萎病病情指数、土壤微生物数量、土壤酶活性的影响.结果表明:(1)随着SA浓度的增加,Foc4的菌落生长直径显著减小,第5天时菌落直径在SA浓度为300、450μL?L-1时比150μL?L-1分别减小了49.15％、70.89％;液体培养条件下SA浓度为600μL?L-1时Foc4的分生孢子数量显著低于对照处理(相差470多倍);pH为5时SA对Foc4的抑制效果显著比pH为7和9时好.(2)随实验处理时间的延长,添加SA后香蕉幼苗的病情指数显著低于对照.(3)土壤细菌、真菌数量和微生物总量在SA为600μL?L-1时均为最高;Foc4数量随SA浓度升高而降低,在1200μL?L-1时显著降低.(4)各土壤酶在浓度(300～600μL?L-1)SA处理时活性较高;1200μL?L-1时显著降低,过氧化氢酶和多酚氧化酶较对照分别降低了41.88％、54.82％.(5)相关性分析得出,土壤微生物总量与细菌、真菌数量极显著正相关;土壤真菌与放线菌显著负相关;土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量均与蔗糖酶、多酚氧化酶显著正相关;蔗糖酶与脲酶、过氧化氢酶与多酚氧化酶均显著正相关.综上认为,添加SA浓度为600μL?L-1能较好地抑制Foc4的菌丝生长且能提高其抑制率,病情指数明显降低,有利于改善香蕉的生长环境.该研究结果为有效利用SA防治香蕉枯萎病提供了科学依据.

该文以'南天黄'中蕉9号'红香蕉'三个香蕉品种为材料,研究土壤淋施硒酸钠溶液对香蕉植株生长、果实产量和品质,以及叶片MDA、脯氨酸、硒含量的影响.结果表明:(1)每株0.25、0.50 g施硒处理能显著促进三个香蕉品种株高的增长,对'南天黄'红香蕉'基茎围的增长促进作用显著,对'中蕉9号'基茎围促进作用不显著.(2)施硒对植株营养生长过程中叶片MDA含量的影响较小,仅在部分时间段MDA含量显著升高或降低;每株0.25、0.50 g的硒酸钠处理能显著降低三个香蕉品种叶片中脯氨酸含量.施硒对香蕉叶片中硒含量具有显著影响,施硒浓度越高,叶片中硒含量也越高.(3)施硒能显著提高各香蕉品种单株产量,对'中蕉9号'红香蕉'单果重促进作用显著,对'南天黄'单果重促进作用不显著;每株0.25 g施硒处理,'中蕉9号'的单株产量为24.38 kg、单果重为165.86 g,分别比对照高出了12.80％、14.69％.(4)土施适宜浓度的硒酸钠能提高香蕉果实中维生素C、钾含量,'南天黄'中蕉9号'红香蕉'三个香蕉品种施硒后维生素C含量最高可达12.7、13.9、10.6 mg?100g-1,比对照分别提高了12.72％、18.84％、29.39％;钾含量最高可达349、279、397 mg?100g-1,比对照分别提高29.62％、33.28％、47.77％.(5)硒处理浓度越高,果实中硒含量也越高;对照处理的香蕉果实硒含量未达到富硒标准,每株经0.25、0.50 g硒酸钠处理后三个香蕉品种的果实硒含量均达到富硒标准.综上认为,土壤淋施硒酸钠溶液能提高香蕉果实中的硒含量,促进香蕉植株生长、提升果实品质,且对降低叶片中MDA和脯氨酸含量具有一定影响,但对不同香蕉品种的影响效果存在差异,该研究结果为富硒香蕉的生产栽培提供了理论依据.

[目的]筛选适合西番莲果皮质构特性的测试方法,综合评价西番莲的果皮质构特性与果皮显微结构的相关性,为提高西番莲果实耐贮性及改良种质资源提供参考.[方法]以台农1号(TN)及编号为MB、H2、DH、ZS的5个西番莲品种(系)的成熟果实为试验材料,分别采用质地剖面分析(TPA)和整果穿刺(分别设置穿刺深度为5 mm和10 mm)进行果皮质构分析,同时观察果皮显微结构,并对果皮质构特性和显微结构参数进行相关性分析.[结果](1)TPA测试与穿刺测试的果皮硬度趋势不一致,而穿刺5 mm和穿刺10 mm测试多项结果一致,相关分析显示TPA测试与穿刺测试的质构指标间无显著相关性.(2)穿刺测试下的各项质构参数间存在显著相关性,穿刺硬度、硬度形变量、穿刺果皮做功、黏力和黏性均可以作为西番莲果皮质地的参数.(3)西番莲的果皮主要由外果皮和中果皮组成,外果皮由外向内结构依次为角质层、表皮细胞和内表皮细胞;中果皮细胞由外向内呈现形态逐渐增大的趋势,是构成西番莲果皮结构的最主要部分.(4)相关分析显示果皮厚度与TPA硬度、胶着性、咀嚼性和穿刺硬度均呈极显著正相关;角质层厚度与TPA硬度和胶着性呈显著正相关,而与内聚性呈极显著负相关;距离外果皮400～1000μm和1500～2300μm的中果皮细胞长径和短径、表皮细胞短径与硬度形变量均呈极显著负相关,而与黏力和黏性均呈极显著正相关.(5)5个西番莲品种(系)中TN的果皮角质层和果皮厚度最小,中果皮细胞大而稀疏,致使其果皮硬度最小;H2的中果皮细胞小而紧密,使其有较大的果皮硬度;DH和ZS的果皮最厚,ZS角质层最厚,更耐贮运,而MB的外果皮最薄.[结论]整果穿刺测试较TPA测试更适合西番莲果皮质构特性分析;西番莲果皮质构特性与果皮显微结构具有显著相关性,果皮硬度较大的西番莲果皮组织结构特点为角质层、表皮、果皮厚度较大且中果皮细胞小而排列紧密.

[目的]探究施用镁、硼、锌肥对香蕉植株生长及果实产量和品质的影响.[方法]试验设NPK、NPKMg、NPKB、NPKZn和NPKMgBZn5个处理,各处理3次重复,试验小区按随机区组排列,连续观测3年.[结果]施用镁、硼、锌肥通过促进香蕉植株的生长,增加香蕉的果指数、果指长和果指粗,提高香蕉果实的单果重,从而显著提高香蕉的产量,并且改善果实的品质.在施用氮磷钾肥的基础上同时配合施用镁、硼和锌肥可增加香蕉果实产量11.61％,维生素C、可溶性糖和还原糖含量分别提高了13.4％、5.4％和8.8％.[结论]施用镁、硼、锌肥可显著提高香蕉的产量及果实的可溶性糖、还原糖和维生素C含量,建议在施用氮磷钾肥的基础上,同时配合施用镁、硼和锌肥比单独施用镁肥、硼肥、锌肥的效果更好.

This study was the first report for the complete chloroplast genome of Passiflora serrulata Jacq. (Passifloraceae). The cp genome was 149,683 bp in length contained two inverted repeats (IRs) of 25,470 bp, which were separated by large single-copy (LSC) and small single-copy (SSC) of 86,252 bp and 13,491 bp, respectively. A total of 110 functional genes were encoded, comprised 76 protein-coding genes, 30 tRNA genes, and four rRNA genes. The GC content was 37.0%. The maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree indicated that P. serrulata was recovered as the member of subg. Passiflora and most closely related to the clade formed by P. serratodigitata and P. ligularis.

为了探索施硒对香蕉生长发育的影响以及适宜的施硒类型和浓度,以Na2SeO4(5 mg/kg,Se1;10mg/kg,Se2)和Na2SeO3(5 mg/kg,Se3;10 mg/kg,Se4)为硒源开展香蕉苗期施硒试验,分别在硒处理30、60 d时测量植株株高、茎基围、地上和地下生物量以及植株根、茎、叶硒含量.60 d后将香蕉苗从育苗盆中移出,种植于大田,在香蕉果实采收期测量产量及品质.结果表明,与CK相比,Se3处理对香蕉苗的增长具有促进作用,Se4处理对香蕉苗的生长具有抑制作用.Na2SeO4处理硒主要集中在植株的叶片和根部,Na2SeO3处理硒主要集中在植株的根部.Se1处理香蕉单株产量及单果重显著高于CK.各施硒处理香蕉果实中的钾含量均显著高于CK,Se1处理钾含量比CK高51.62％.苗期施用Se2、Se3、Se4处理果实中硒含量均显著高于CK.苗期施硒能促进香蕉果实中可溶性糖、钾以及硒含量的增加,同时降低总酸含量.Na2SeO4处理较Na2SeO3更易向香蕉苗叶片转移,但Na2SeO3处理果实中硒积累的效果优于Na2SeO4.

[目的]分析不同配方培养基及贮藏条件对大果型黄百香果花粉离体萌发效果的影响,为大果型黄百香果花粉活力鉴定、人工辅助授粉及杂交育种提供理论依据.[方法]采集花瓣刚好完全展开大果型黄百香果花朵的花粉,采用L25 (54)正交试验设计,筛选适宜其离体培养的蔗糖、硼酸、硝酸钙浓度及pH;利用最适宜花粉离体培养基,开展花朵不同采样时间、花粉离体贮藏湿度和温度对花粉活力影响试验,确定适宜大果型黄百香果花粉的离体贮藏条件.[结果]正交试验分析结果表明,影响大果型黄百香果花粉萌发率的因素排序为硝酸钙＞蔗糖＞硼酸＞ pH,确定花粉离体萌发的最适培养基为100.00 g/L蔗糖+0.02 g/L硼酸+0.40 g/L硝酸钙,培养基pH5.0.在最适培养基中,大果型黄百香果花粉的萌发率为85.55％;于11:30-17:30采集大果型黄百香果花粉的萌发率均在80.00％以上,其中,开花后3 h(16:30)花粉的活力最强,显著高于除13:30和15:30外的其他时间采集花粉的萌发率(P＜0.05,下同).花粉贮藏试验结果表明,平铺在硫磺纸上自然风干处理3～48 h的花粉萌发率均显著高于同时间段密封于离心管中常温贮藏和平铺在硫磺纸上置于干燥器中贮藏处理,其中在硫磺纸上自然风干贮藏48 h的花粉萌发率仍达34.28％;自然风干5h后密封于离心管中4℃贮藏24 h的花粉萌发率为61.49％,显著高于自然风干5h后密封于离心管中-20℃贮藏24h的花粉萌发率(55.22％).[结论]大果型黄百香果花粉离体萌发最适培养基为100.00 g/L蔗糖+0.02 g/L硼酸+0.40 g/L硝酸钙及pH5.0;当天采集花朵的花粉自然风干5h后密封于离心管4℃贮藏其萌发效果最佳.

香蕉枯萎病在全球香蕉种植区广泛分布,给香蕉产业带来了严重打击,其防控技术研究成为香蕉生产领域关注的热点,目前的防控措施主要有种植抗病品种、化学防治、生物防治、轮作.香蕉枯萎病作为一种土传真菌病害,蕉地土壤管理贯穿整个防控过程.文章重点介绍了近年来通过向土壤施用抗菌剂、添加生物菌剂、科学施肥以及轮作对香蕉枯萎病防控效果的研究进展,以期为香蕉枯萎病综合防控的深入研究提供参考.抗菌剂多菌灵对香蕉枯萎病菌的抑制率达到82.9％,解淀粉芽孢菌将香蕉枯萎病的发病率降至15％以下,生物菌肥将香蕉枯萎病的发病率降至10％以下,香蕉与甘蔗、韭菜、辣椒轮作将香蕉枯萎病的发病率降至5％以下,四种方法对香蕉枯萎病的防控均表现出良好效果.

为探明广西地区西番莲的产量和品质形成特征及对气象因子的响应,以国内主栽西番莲品种'台农1号'为试验材料,调查测定其产量和产量构成以及同期成熟的各级枝蔓果实品质和同级枝蔓在不同时段成熟的果实品质,采用相关分析和回归分析统计方法研究果实品质性状与开花到成熟期气象因子的关系.结果表明:'台农1号'西番莲的单位面积产量为11.65 t·hm-2,二级蔓和一级蔓占单株产量的比例分别为58.2％和24.2％,是产量构成的主要枝蔓;果实的收获时段为移栽后91～186d,果实成熟时间范围较大,为43～165 d,但果实形态和单果重受成熟时间的影响不大;同时期收获的各级枝蔓间品质差异主要在果浆重、可滴定酸含量和果皮厚度;同级枝蔓不同生长季收获的果实品质中,果浆重、出汁率随生长季延后和成熟时间的增加而增加,但当成熟时间大于125.6和141.6 d后,果浆重和出汁率分别开始下降;而可溶性固形物含量和果皮厚度则从次年1月开始呈下降趋势;除最大相对湿度外,果实发育到成熟期的温度和光照强度均与果浆重和出汁率呈极显著负相关,而相对湿度与其呈极显著正相关.当果实开花到成熟期的 日平均温度为16.1～18.7℃、日平均光照强度为2.8×103～3.2×103 lx、日平均相对湿度为88.0％～89.4％时,'台农1号'的果浆重(＞35 g)和出汁率(＞45％)均较易获得高值.

Chilling stress (CS) is an important limiting factor for the growth and development of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) in winter in South China.However, little is known about how the passion fruit responds and adapts to CS.In this study, we performed transcriptome sequencing of cold-susceptible cultivar Huangjinguo (HJG) and cold-tolerant cultivar Tainong 1 (TN1) under normal temperature (NT) and CS conditions, and a total of 47,353 unigenes were obtained by 7 databases.Using differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) analysis, 3,248 and 4,340 DEGs were identified at two stages, respectively.The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly related to phosphorylation, membrane protein, and catalytic activity.In Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, the unigenes of plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction and fatty acid metabolism were enriched.Then, the 12,471 filtered unigenes were clustered into eight co-expression modules, and two modules were correlated with CS.In this two modules, 32 hub unigenes were obtained.Furthermore, the unigenes related to CS were validated using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR).This work showed that the expression levels of CS-related unigenes were very different in two passion fruit cultivars.The results provide information for the development of passion fruit with increased chilling tolerance.

Chilling stress (CS) is an important limiting factor for the growth and development of passion fruit (Passiflora edulis) in winter in South China. However, little is known about how the passion fruit responds and adapts to CS. In this study, we performed transcriptome sequencing of cold-susceptible cultivar Huangjinguo (HJG) and cold-tolerant cultivar Tainong 1 (TN1) under normal temperature (NT) and CS conditions, and a total of 47,353 unigenes were obtained by seven databases. Using differentially expressed unigenes (DEGs) analysis, 3,248 and 4,340 DEGs were identified at two stages, respectively. The Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis showed that the DEGs were mainly related to phosphorylation, membrane protein, and catalytic activity. In Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway, the unigenes of plant-pathogen interaction, plant hormone signal transduction and fatty acid metabolism were enriched. Then, the 12,471 filtered unigenes were clustered into eight co-expression modules, and two modules were correlated with CS. In this two modules, 32 hub unigenes were obtained. Furthermore, the unigenes related to CS were validated using quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). This work showed that the expression levels of CS-related unigenes were very different in two passion fruit cultivars. The results provide information for the development of passion fruit with increased chilling tolerance.

Cultivated passion fruit is a fruit tree widely cultivated in southern China, but little is known about its genomics, which seriously restricts the molecular genetics research of passion fruit. In this study, we analyzed the 165.7Mb representative genome sequences. The results showed that the passion fruit genome contained a large number of simple sequence repeats (SSR). Compared to the cassava and peach genomes, the passion fruit genome has 23,053 predicted genes. These genes can be aligned to 282 plant genomes. GO annotation indicated that these genes are involved in metabolic pathways of carbohydrates, organic acids, lipids and other molecules. KEGG pathway enrichment assigned these genes into five major categories and 19 secondary functions. Cluster analysis of gene families showed that 12,767 genes could be clustered into 9,868 gene families and 291 unique gene families. On the evolutionary relationship, the passion fruit is closely related to Populus trichocarpa and Ricinus communis , but the rate of evolution is slower. In summary, this genomic analysis result is informative, and will facilitate the future studies on gene functions of passion fruit.