目的 探讨脑卒中后抑郁患者的临床影响因素.方法 应用《复合性国际诊断问卷-3.0》(CIDI-3.0)对405例住院脑卒中患者进行筛查与诊断,以脑卒中后抑郁患者作为研究组(PSD组),脑卒中后非抑郁患者为对照组(非PSD组),对2组患者家庭收入等一般资料及卒中性质等临床影响因素进行对照研究.结果 研究组农村居民(86.4％与52.3％)、低收入家庭(81.8％与50％)的比例显著高于对照组(P＜0.05);与对照组相比,研究组言语障碍(54.5％与22.7％,P＜0.05)、肢体瘫痪(68.2％与40.9％,P＜0.05)、脑出血(40.9％与9.1％,P＜0.05)率更高.研究组卒中部位涉及基底节脑区的比率明显高于对照组,2组患者在婚姻状况、民族、受教育程度、职业、吸烟史、饮酒史、高血压病史、脑卒中发作次数及意识障碍方面比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).结论 脑卒中后抑郁的发生可能与卒中性质、部位(特别是基底节脑区)以及脑卒中导致的语言和运动功能受损有关,临床工作中应重视上述情况.此外,在卒中后抑郁的防治中应重视农村或低收入家庭的患者.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of hypertension comorbid of depression and anxiety disorder,and to explore the related psycho-social factors.Methods A total of 1 806 patients with hypertension were selected from urban and rural areas in Beijing and Jilin Province in 2011.The Chinese version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview Version 3.0 (CIDI-3.0) was used to diagnose depression and anxiety disorder.Four additional questionnaires obtained demographic data,and data on coping style,social support,quality of life and degree of life satisfaction.Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the related factors of hypertension comorbid of depression and anxiety.Results (1) The prevalence rate of depression and anxiety disorder among patients with hypertension in Beijing and Jilin was 6.5％ (117/1 806) and 24.2％ (437/1 806),respectively.(2) The prevalence of depression among patients with hypertension was significantly higher in female patients and patients without a spouse (7.6％ (88/1 162) vs.9.0％ (29/324)) than male patients and that with a spouse (4.5％ (29/644) vs.5.9％ (88/1 482);x2 =6.446,3.983,both P ＜ 0.05).The prevalence of anxiety among patients with hypertension was significantly higher in patients of female gender,being 60 years of age or younger,living in rural areas,manual labor,having 9 or fewer years of education than in patients of male gender (26.6％ (309/1 162) vs.19.9％ (128/644)),being 60 years older(28.7％ (255/890) vs.19.9％ (182/916)),living in urban areas (26.9％ (242/900) vs.21.5％ (195/906)),mental work (25.9％ (289/1 114) vs.20.0％ (83/416)) and having 9 more years of education(25.7％ (333/1 296) vs.20.4％ (104/510);x2 =10.190,18.983,7.087,5.907,5.610,all P ＜ 0.05).(3) Compared with non-depression group,depression group had significantly lower scores on subjective support (24.2 ± 4.7 vs.26.1 ± 4.4,t =-2.508),support availability (6.2 ± 2.1 vs.7.6 ± 2.2,t =-3.951),total social suppot (39.5 ± 7.5 vs.43.1±6.7,t =-3.110),positive coping dimension (1.6±0.7 vs.1.9±0.7,Z=-2.356),Q-LES-Q-SF (47.4 ±7.8 vs.61.2 ±4.3,t =-15.615),and had significantly higher scores on amount of negative events stimulation (38.8 ± 59.3 vs.7.8 ± 16.8,t =5.591),total amount of life events stimulation (47.8 ± 64.2 vs.20.2 ± 33.0,Z =3.775;all P ＜ 0.05).Compared with non-anxiety group,anxiety group had significantly lower scores on subjective support (24.0 ± 4.9 vs.25.1 ± 4.6,t =-2.678),total social support (40.0 ± 7.2 vs.41.2 ± 7.1,t =-2.063),positive coping dimension (1.5 ± 0.6 vs.1.6 ± 0.7,Z =-1.963),Q-LES-Q-SF (48.0 ± 5.5 vs.53.9 ± 5.5,t =-12.340),and had significantly higher scores on amount of negative events stimulation (27.2 ± 50.0 vs.10.6 ± 21.5,Z =5.993),average negative coping dimension (1.2 ± 0.6 vs.1.1 ± 0.6,Z =3.775),total amount of life events stimulation (39.5 ± 56.4 vs.23.9 ± 36.0,Z =4.155;all P ＜ 0.05).(4) Logistic regression analysis showed female gender,negative events had significant positive correlation to concurrent depression and anxiety in patients with hypertension (OR =1.689,1.017,1.431,1.070,all P ＜ 0.05).High life satisfaction degree had significant negative correlation (OR =0.558,0.797,both P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The prevalence of anxiety disorder is higher than that of depression in hypertensive patients in Beijing and Jilin.Female gender,negative events are possible risk factors for concurrent depression and anxiety in patients with hypertension,and high life satisfaction degree are possible protective factor.

OBJECTIVE:To explore the prevalence of hypertensive patients with co-morbid anxiety and/or depression and determine the risk factors of comorbidity in community.METHODS:A cross-section study was performed among 807 hypertensive patients in urban and rural community settings of Beijing in 2011. The Composite International Diagnostic Interview, computer assisted personal interview (CIDI-3.0-CAPI) was administrated by face-to-face interview. And the diagnosis of anxiety and depression was made according to the definitions and criteria of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DMS-IV). The prevalence and related risk factors of hypertensive patients with comorbid anxiety and/or depression were reported.RESULTS:It was found that 23.3% of patients were accompanied with anxiety and 5.7% with depression in hypertensive patients in community. The risk factors of anxiety included irregular treatment (odds ratio 4.500; 95% confidence interval, 2.431 to 8.331), smoking (1.805; 1.036 to 3.145), manual labor (1.933; 1.223 to 3.053) and two or above stage of hypertension (1.525; 1.041 to 2.234). And the risk factors of depression included irregular treatment (5.333; 1.554 to 18.304), taking reserpine or ingredients containing reserpine (6.667; 1.981 to 22.435) and singlehood (5.000; 1.096 to 22.820).CONCLUSION:The prevalence of anxiety is higher than depression in hypertensive patients in community. Irregular treatment is the common risk factor of anxiety and depression. Patients with smoking, manual labor and two or above stage of hypertension are more likely to have a coexistence of anxiety while those unmarried, taking reserpine or ingredients containing reserpine are more likely to suffer from depression.

Objective To investigate psychosocial factors for post-stroke depression (PSD). Methods 405 in-pa-tients with stroke were first screened for depression using Comprehensive International Diagnostic Interview-3.0. 22 pa-tients with depression were recruited as the depression group. From 383 patients without depression, 44 patients were se-lected and served as the non depression controlled group according to the sex and age paired with 1:2. Both groups were measured by using questionnaires including Life Event Scale, Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire, Social Support Rat-ing Scale, Activities of Daily Living Scale and Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire, Short Form. Re-sults The score of passive coping was significantly higher in depression group than in non depression group [(1.2 ± 0.5) vs. (0.8±0.7), P<0.05]. The score of subjective support was significantly lower in depression group than in non depression group [(17.5±4.0) vs. (20.7±4.6), P<0.05]. Logistic regression analysis showed, minority nationality (OR=2.564, 95%CI:1.039~6.327) and passive coping style (OR=2.223, 95%CI:1.052~5.192) were risk factors for PSD, while subjective sup-port was protective factor for PSD (OR=0.884, 95%CI:0.793~0.986). Conclusions Passive coping style and low subjec-tive support may be the important psychosocial factors of PSD.

目的 探讨首乌、川芎等中药水提取物混合剂对体外培养人头皮毛囊生长的影响.方法 将体外培养的人头皮毛囊分别设为对照组和不同浓度的中药组.显微镜下观察各组毛囊毛发生长情况.结果 首乌、川芎、甘草、侧柏叶提取物混合剂中剂量组(100 μg/mL和200 μg/mL)可加速毛发生长,延长毛发生长长度和生长时间.高剂量组(1 000μμg/mL和2 000/μgmL)抑制毛发生长,同时缩短毛发生长时间.低剂量组(2 μg/mL和20 μg/mL)对毛发生长无明显作用.结论 中剂量首乌、川芎等提取物混合剂对体外培养的人头皮毛囊生长有促进作用.