为了解盐生药用根寄生植物锁阳(Cynomorium songaricum Rupr.)寄生生长的特性,以锁阳种子为研究对象,探讨其种子萌发特征及其蛋白质组学,以期揭示盐(NaCl)和赤霉素(gibberellic acid,GA3)在锁阳种子与其寄主建立寄生关系中的作用.实验在NaCl环境和恢复萌发下均加入外源GA3,测定不同温度条件下种子的萌发率、恢复萌发率和最终萌发率及差异蛋白质表达情况.结果 表明:外源GA3可以提高NaCl环境和恢复萌发下锁阳种子的萌发率;25℃下,200 μmol/L GA3+100 mmol/L NaCl对锁阳种子在NaCl环境下的萌发诱导作用最佳,萌发率为(7.00±1.91)％;将上述处理中未萌发种子再转移至25℃下的200 μmol/L GA3中进行恢复萌发,得到所有处理间恢复萌发率的最大值为(32.32士2.89)％.种子经40 d处理后,其最终萌发率主要由种子恢复萌发阶段贡献,因此加入GA3的NaCl环境被视为种子萌发的预培养阶段,并有激活种子内GA3受体(gibberellin receptor,GID1)的作用,且经预培养后种子的芽管更长且不褐化,吸器也更为明显.因此,外源GA3有诱导并促进NaCl环境和NaCl环境降低后锁阳种子萌发的作用.

In order to investigate the effects of seed soaking with exogenous NO on seed germination,activities of antioxidant enzymes of Allium mongolicum Regel.under NaCl stress.The experiment used the seed of A.mongolicum as experiment material to explore the effect of different concentrations of NO soaking different times on A.mongolicum seed germination,hypocotyl,radicle length and dry weight,as well as the effect of SOD,CAT,POD,APX and content of MDA.In our study,the soaked seeds with 0.40 mmol/L NO for 3 hours could significantly(P0.05)enhance the germination percentage,germination rate,germination index,vigor index,length and dry weight of cotyledon and radicle,meanwhile this treatment could increase the activitvies of antioxidant enzymes:SOD,CAT,POD,APX,additionally under NaCl stress,lipid proxidation of the seed of A.mongolicum was promoted,therefore the content of MDA was increased,but oxidative damage of seed is relieved under the treatment of 0.40 mmol/L exogenous NO and lipid proxidation was reduced.

Controlled experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of light and temperature on seed germination of Pugionium cornutum (L.) Gaertn. and its congeners P. dolabratum Maxim.,to better understanding how they adapt to desert habitats at seed germination stage. Results showed that light significantly (P0.05) inhibited seed germination,and the inhibition effects was stronger on P. cornutum than P. dolabratum. At constant incubating temperature and darkness,the seed of both species can germinate at gradients from 15℃ to 35℃,and the germination percentages of P. cornutum were significantly higher than those of P. dolabratum at 15℃ and 35℃ respectively. The optimal germination temperature for P. cornutum and P. dolabratum were at 25℃ and 30℃ respectively. Under alternating temperature and darkness conditions,the optimal temperature for seed germination of two congeners was both occurring at 20/30℃(12h/12h). Percentages of seed germination were higher at 20/30℃ than their respective optimal constant temperatures of both species; In addition,seedling hypocotyl and radicel length of both species developed at 20/30℃ were shorter than that at 25℃ and 30℃ respectively,but their dry weight were not obviously declined. Indicating alternating temperature has advantages for seed germination and seedling development of two congeners. In summary,darkness and at 20/30℃ daily alternating temperatures are the favorable conditions for seed germination and seedling establishment of these two desert species.

In this paper,the relationship of the silicone adsorption and its structure is studied through testing the silicone amounts on the fabric and the wall by silicon-molybdenum blue spectrophotometry method.The results show that,the Coulomb force,not only van der Waals force between silicone and fibers,the polar groups hydrogen bonding,but also the molecular polarity of silicone and silicon particle size and size distribution influence the silicone adsorption properties on fabric.The adsorption results on walls show that stronger the silicone polarity,polar groups as the end-group,the worse the water soluble character,the much more silicone adsorption.

This paper studied the seed germination of Pugionium dolabratum Maxim.from Tengger desert in Inner Mongolia Autonomous under different temperature and NaCl concentration,to explore its seed germination of salt tolerance and germination mechanism of sand saline environments.Planting so as desert and grassland of salinization to be restored and improved,as well as the introduction and cultivation of salt-tolerant plants to provide theoretical reference.Results showed that seed germination tolerance NaCl limit concentration was 150 mmol/L.The optimal germination temperature for P.dolabratum was 25℃ in NaCl.Capacity for germination recovery was well by 200 mmol/L NaCl solution pre-treatment after ungerminated seeds transferred to distilled water.Further,adequate NaCl solution pre-treatment did not only no inhibit germination,but also increased germination,recovery germination rate and germination uniformity.This paper discussed P.dolabratum seed germination characteristics and adaptive strategy of this species that allows it to inhabit harsh saline conditions such as those in the deserts.

The relationship of the silicone adsorption and its structure was studied through testing the silicone contents on the fabric and the wall by silicon molybdenum blue spectrophotometry.The relation of 7 kinds of silicone structures and their adsorptive capacity was investigated.The results showed that stronger the silicone polarity,polar groups as the end-group,the worse the water soluble character,the more silicone adsorption on the walls as well as on the fabric.As to the fabric,the more complicate the side chain,the more silicone adsorption on the fabric which was contrary to the adsorption on the walls.The more homogeneous distribution of silicone with amino functional group,the smaller the emulsion particle size,the easier contract with hydroxyl,carboxyl group,the more adsorption on the fabric.

Puionium Gaertn,a kind of sand vegetable mostly for its leaf.Several nutrient contents of leaves in different plantlet were investigated,evaluating its dynamics,providing academic for the first harvesting date.The result showed that: the contents ofvitamin C,protein,amino acidand soluble sugar of had a 8～12 leaves in P.cornutum(L.)Gaertn and P.dolabratum Maxim were high.At the same time,plant were in the growth peak period,so leaves of P.cornutum(L.)Gaertn and P.dolabratum Maxim could be harvested for the first time.

Silicones are special reagents that impart desired surface properties, such as softness, bounciness and anti-wrinkle properties to fabrics and related materials. The use of silicones in the home laundry is to enhance the wearing performance of the textiles and apparels. Although this process has been practiced since long time ago, little is known about the absorption characteristic of silicones on the different substances in the home laundry process. This study focused mainly on the silicones' absorption on the fabrics and on the walls of washer and dryer. Cotton and polyester were selected as fabric samples. Three kinds of silicones with typical structures, i.e. polyether modified, amino-modified and dimethyl silicones were adopted in the simulated home laundry experiment. The key of the experiment was to find and establish a feasible method to quantitatively analyze the trace silicones on the fabric, the washer wall and the dryer wall.The classical method, silicon molybdenum blue spectrophotometry, was improved to adapt to the study. Some factors were studied in the method, such as pH, the wavelength of the maximum absorption. With the improved method, a precise standard operation line was established. The fitting correlation coefficient was higher than 0.999 and the recovery was also very good. The results showed that the silicone absorption on the walls didn't have much great difference when washed in three times, and when washed for ten times, the ammino-modified silicone had more adsorption capacity on the walls than the other structural silicones. And on the fabrics, there were a little difference among three kinds of silicones with in one time simulated home laundry.

Based on the factors pH value,absorption wavelength and developer stability,the old method of silico-molybdenum blue spectrophotometry is improved to analyze trace silicone without large precision instruments.The standard operation line is very precise,and the correlation coefficient is higher than 0.999.The precision is up to 10 μg/L,which is about one magnitude higher than the old way.To analyze the silicone samples,the relative standard deviation is lower than 2 %,and the recoveries of standard addition are between 97 % and 102 %.So the improved method is suitable to analyze trace silicone featuring good stability and reproducibility.

本文研究了不同条件下一氯均三嗪型活性染料活性嫩黄K-6G(C.I.Reactive Yellow 2)在甲醇碱性水溶液中的醇解和水解反应动力学，并确定了不同温度和pH下该染料的醇解与水解反应速率常数。研究表明，在80℃，pH为8～12之间，随pH升高t=60min的醇解效率（醇解与水解产物面积百分比）先增大后减少，pH=10时达到最大值。pH=10时，随着温度的升高，染料的醇解效率逐渐下降，即染料的醇解反应优先性下降；在50℃～70℃，甲醇化反应占相对优势，其速率为水解速率的2～3倍；80℃～95℃，甲醇化反应速率常数和水解速率常数基本相等。染料的醇解和水解反应为准一级反应。