Following the publication of this paper, it was drawn to the Editor's attention by a concerned reader that, for the flow cytometric plots shown in Fig. 9A on p. 1628, a pair of data panels showed a surprisingly high level of partially overlapping data, given that the results from differently performed experiments were intended to have been shown in these figure parts. Upon performing an independent analysis of the data in this paper, a series of further issues concerning the data were noted; first in Fig. 9B, a separate pair of flow cytometric plots appeared to have been duplicated in their entireties. In addition, two pairs of data panels in Fig. 6A and B (showing the senescence of gastric cancer cells) contained overlapping sections of data; the control panels for the migration assay data in Fig. 7A and B were overlapping, albeit the orientation of the overlapping data sections was different. Owing to the large number of duplications of data, and other potential anomalies, that were identified in this paper, the Editor of International Journal of Oncology has decided that it should be retracted from the Journal on account of a lack of confidence in the presented data. The authors were asked for an explanation to account for these concerns, but the Editorial Office did not receive a satisfactory reply. The Editor apologizes to the readership for any inconvenience caused. [International Journal of Oncology 42: 1620‑1629, 2013; DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2013.1850].

Objectives Depression is a widely prevalent mental disorder, and nutritional interventions play an increasingly important role in its treatment. In this paper, effects of linoleic acid (LA) on depressive behavior in mice induced by gut microbiome disorders were investigated. Methods Fifty C57BL/6J male mice were randomly separated into five groups, control group (CK), ceftriaxone sodium group (CRO), low-dose linoleic acid group (LLA, 1 g/kg), medium-dose linoleic acid group (MLA, 2 g/kg), and high-dose linoleic acid group (HLA, 5 g/kg). In the LLA, MLA, and HLA groups, mice were treated with ceftriaxone sodium (CRO) to induce depressive behaviors, followed by LA administration. Behavioral tests were used to evaluate depressive behavior. High-throughput sequencing and Hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining in gut microenvironment were carried out. ELISA kits were used to measure brain inflammatory factors, and 5-hydroxy-tryptamine (5-HT). Gas chromatography and western blot were used to determine fatty acids compositions and the enzymes expression involved in lipid metabolism in brain respectively. Results The results showed that 10 weeks CRO treatment contribute to depressive behavior, gut microbiome disturbance, and serotonin system disturbance. LLA and MLA improved the depressive-like behavior, and significantly increased the levels of 5-HT1A, 5-HTT and 5-HT in the hippocampus. LLA was found to improve the diversity of gut microbiome and alleviate colon tissue damage. Meantime, LLA increased the content of linoleic acid, improved the expression of FADS2 and COX-2, increased IL-10 levels, and decreased IL-6 levels in the brain. Discussion LA alleviated depressive behavior in mice by improving the gut microenvironment, regulate fatty acid metabolism, and modulate inflammation.

甲鱼,又称鳖、团鱼,自古就是我国传统食疗滋补佳品.食鳖的历史,可以上溯到周代甚至更远.其肉、血、胆、卵、脂、头、骨具有不同的营养保健功能,均可入药.《本草纲目》提到:"鳌肉滋阴补血、养心肾、清热消淤、健脾胃,可治疗虚劳盗汗、阴虚阳亢、腰酸腿痛、久病泄泻、小儿惊痛、妇女闭经、难产等症.

亚油酸作为必需脂肪酸,对人类健康具有不可忽视的作用.目前,针对亚油酸的健康功效与不良反应一直存在争议.亚油酸除能降低血脂、参与细胞膜磷脂组成外,还可影响肠道微生物群及炎症介质的产生.该文依次讨论了亚油酸与肠道微生物群的相互作用,以及膳食亚油酸干预下对机体慢性炎症、肥胖、冠心病、癌症等代谢性疾病的影响,以期为亚油酸的科学利用提供参考依据.

新冠疫情带来了疾病与死亡、失业与失学,人们日常生活和社会经济发展均受到限制,但同时这场疫情也给我们带来了反思,特别是如何加强临床营养,发挥营养治疗在新型冠状病毒肺炎治疗过程中的作用.

Energy metabolism is vital to the body's metabolic processes. A key player in the production of ATP, mitochondria directly affect energy homeostasis. Mitochondrial dysfunction is the cause of many diseases. Many reports have suggested that nutritional interventions can play a protective role against the development of mitochondrial dysfunction or in ameliorating existing dysfunction, such as by improving energy metabolism. This review focuses on the impact of different nutritional interventions on energy metabolism.

肠道作为人体最大的免疫系统,维持着机体70％的免疫力,微生物群是致病菌感染的屏障.营养不良和免疫功能紊乱都可能破坏这种屏障功能.受损的粘膜屏障在病毒攻击下又会进一步导致微生物易位和免疫敏化,并使得营养物质吸收障碍,经由肠肺轴,对肺部疾病造成恶化循环.本文根据肠肺轴理论,从营养、免疫及肠道微生态平衡角度探讨新型冠状病毒肺炎的营养治疗思路.

作为人体内供给能量的三大营养素之一,脂肪在维持机体的稳态中起着至关重要的作用,然而,在基因组通路失调和不良环境的相互作用下,会导致异位脂肪分布,引发肥胖,继而引起非酒精性脂肪性肝病,Ⅱ型糖尿病等众多下游疾病.为了有效防治这一系列疾病,国内外研究者们纷纷研究遗传变异与环境因素相互作用的方式,努力为肥胖和体内脂肪分布的生物学提供新的见解,为制定个性化的干预策略以降低肥胖相关疾病的风险等奠定基础.

Huge of previous reports recommended that gut microbiome have a crucial role in the human health and its change was profound impact for the metabolic improvements associated with lipids metabolism. In order to explore the relevance of a direct dysbiosis effect of gut microbiome on lipids metabolism shifts and repaired position of DHA, we built the animal model for the study with gut microbiome dysbiosis administrated by i.g. with CRO and intervened by DHA in the present work. Gut microbiome was analyzed by high throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analyses of bacteria. The composition of fatty acids and short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were determined by gas chromatography. Blood lipids and bile acids were assayed by kit and UPLC-MS/MS, respectively. The expressions of enzymes of long chain fatty acid metabolism were analyzed by qRT-PCR. The results showed that gut microbiome dysbiosis caused lipid metabolism abnormal, and DHA was able to repair the lipids metabolism shifts resulted from gut microbiome dysbiosis. DHA could modulate host-gut microbiome signatures, improve concentrations of SCFAs, regulate fatty acids metabolism but modify bile acid profiles. In conclusion, we considered that DHA repaired lipid metabolism by modulating gut microbiome and regulating fatty acids metabolism pathway.

营养不良是癌症患者常见的共病,其决定因素与患者自身、肿瘤和治疗有关.癌症营养不良又称恶病质,是疾病相关营养不良伴慢性炎症的慢性表现形式,严重影响预后.长期营养不良会导致患者对等抗肿瘤治疗的耐受力下降,生活质量状况下降,甚至缩短生存期.因此,针对肿瘤患者运用正确的营养诊断评价方法,并及时进行营养支持治疗对肿瘤患者具有非常积极的意义.

目的 通过对肠结核患者的营养风险筛查,分析肠结核患者临床特点与营养风险发生率之间的关系,指导临床合理选择需要营养治疗的患者.方法 选取2016年1月至2019年1月新疆维吾尔自治区胸科医院住院确诊的肠结核患者203例为研究对象.按确诊时年龄分组为:青年组(A1组):<44岁年龄组97例;中年组(A2组):45～60岁年龄组64例;老年组(A3组):>60岁年龄组42例.按确诊时病变部位分组为:单纯累及回肠末段组(L1组)38例;单纯累及结肠组(L2组)23例;同时累及回肠和结肠组(L3组)68例;单纯累及上消化道组(L4组)20例;同时累及上消化道与回肠末段或结肠或回结肠组(L4+L1/L2/L3组)54例.按确诊时病理分型为:溃疡型(B1型)95例;增生型(B2型)47例;混合型(B3型)61例.按确诊时疾病活动度分期为:活动期159例;稳定期44例.通过欧洲营养风险筛查工具(NRS 2002)进行营养风险评分,探讨肠结核患者发生营养风险的影响因素.结果 以NRS 2002评分≥3分为标准进行筛查,肠结核患者营养风险的发生率为81.28％(165/203).男性肠结核患者营养风险发生率为80.61％(79/98),女性为81.90％(86/105),不同性别比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.056,P>0.05).不同年龄分组中营养风险发生率分别为A1组74.23％(72/97),A2组84.38％(54/64),A3组92.86％(39/42),差异有统计学意义(χ2=7.274,P=0.026).不同病变部位分组中营养风险发生率分别为L1组81.58％(31/38),L2组56.52％(13/23),L3组79.41％(54/68),L4组90.00％(18/20),L4+L1/L2/L3组90.74％(49/54),差异有统计学意义(χ2=12.066,P=0.014).不同病理分型中营养风险发生率分别为B1型89.47％(85/95),B2型72.34％(34/47),B3型75.41％(46/61),差异有统计学意义(χ2=8.042,P=0.018).不同疾病活动度中营养风险发生率分别为活动期89.31％(142/159),稳定期52.27％(23/44),差异有统计学意义(χ2=31.068,P<0.001).结论 肠结核住院患者营养风险发生率很高,建议常规进行营养风险筛查,同时,应着重评估老年患者、活动期患者、有上消化道受累患者和溃疡型、混合型肠结核患者的营养风险.

营养不良是活动性结核病患者的常见结局之一,也是结核病患者早期死亡的危险因素.若不加以干预,结核病与营养不良间会形成一种恶性循环,导致结核病患者临床症状更为严重,治疗不良事件发生率更高,患者死亡风险更高.随着中国居民平均生活水平的提高及临床营养学的发展,对于结核病患者的营养管理,也逐渐开始重视起来.为更有针对性地设计营养补充方案,首先需要明确结核病患者各类营养素缺乏的具体情况.作者通过对国内外结核病营养研究现状进行分析,综合阐述了结核病患者宏量营养素、维生素和矿物质等各类营养素缺乏的临床特征,梳理了结核病患者的营养支持治疗思路,提出了各营养素的补充目标.

营养不良是影响结核病治疗效果及预后的重要因素.目前,随着糖尿病、HIV感染等患者并发结核病及耐药结核病逐渐增多,使得营养问题受到越来越多学者关注.多项临床研究证据表明,在结核病患者治疗期间应用某些营养物质或免疫增强剂能够提高结核病患者的免疫力,促进结核病灶的钙化和修复,减少并发肺部其他感染性疾病的发生率,降低结核病的死亡率.临床营养的地位也已从营养支持逐渐向营养治疗转变.

WHO[1] 2019 年全球结核病年度报告估算, 2018年全球新发结核病患者约1000万例,其中120万例因结核病而死亡;我国结核病患者数量位居全球第2位,估算2018年我国结核病新发患者86.6万例,其中3.7万例因结核病而死亡.目前,全球结核病的疫情仍然严峻,WHO呼吁全球共同采取行动,终止结核病流行[2].为实现这一目标,除加速新疫苗、诊断试剂、新药物等的研发外,重视结核病患者的营养治疗也是至关重要的措施.

Gastric cancer (GC) is one of the common malignant tumors in China, with a high morbidity and mortality. With the development and application of high-throughput sequencing technologies and metagenomics, a great quantity of studies have shown that gastrointestinal microbiota is closely related to digestive system diseases. Although some studies have reported the effect of long-term follow-up after subtotal gastrectomy on intestinal flora changes in patients with GC. However, the features of gut microbiota and their shifts in patients with GC in perioperative period remain unclear.This study was designed to characterize fecal microbiota shifts of the patients with GC before and after the radical distal gastrectomy (RDG) during their hospital staying periods. Furthermore, fecal microbiota was also compared between the GC patients and healthy individuals.Patients who were diagnosed with advanced gastric adenocarcinoma at distal stomach were enrolled in the study. The bacterial burden within fecal samples was determined using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. To analyze the diversity and composition of gut microbiota from fecal DNA of 20 GC patients and 22 healthy controls, amplicons of the 16S rRNA gene from all subjects were pyrosequenced. To study gut microbiota shifts, the fecal microbiota from 6 GC patients before and after RDG was detected and subsequently analyzed. Short-chain fatty acids were also detected by chromatography spectrometer in these 6 GC patients.RDG had a moderate effect on bacterial richness and evenness, but had pronounced effects on the composition of postoperative gut microbiota compared with preoperative group. The relative abundances of genera Akkermansia, Esherichia/Shigella, Lactobacillus, and Dialister were significant changed in perioperative period. Remarkably, higher abundances of Escherichia/Shigella, Veillonella, and Clostridium XVIII and lower abundances of Bacteroides were observed in gut microbiota of overall GC patients compared to healthy controls.This study is the first study to characterize the altered gut microbiota within fecal samples from GC patients during perioperative period, and provide a new insights on such microbial perturbations as a potential effector of perioperative period phenotype. Further research must validate these discoveries and may evaluate targeted microbiota shifts to improve outcomes in GC patients.

A molecularly imprinted membrane (MIM) with vancomycin (VCM) as a template and other related different material membranes (organic nylon microporous membranes, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) membranes, polypropylene membranes) as a support respectively were synthesized by surface imprinting for the selective absorption of VCM, which can be used for pretreatment biological samples and rapid determination of VCM. The optimal ratio of template and functional monomer was 1:4, which was simulate by Gaussian, and the results showed that PVDF MIM had the best selectivity of the other three synthesized membranes to be used in the experiment. The maximum load on PVDF MIM was 23.8μg/cm2, and on non-molecularly imprinted membrane was 1.7μg/cm2. Additionally, performance of PVDF MIM, including surface structure, adsorption capacity, selective adsorption capacity, were also examined in this work. VCM in sample was enriched and separated effectively by PVDF MIM, and was quantitatively analyzed significantly by UV. The optimum eluent was 0.1 mol/L KOH aqueous solution in methanol (v/v=1/4), which desorption time was around 20 min. Also, recovery rate, precision, stability, linearity and repeatability for the novel assay were investigated respectively. The results indicated that separation and enrichment of VCM in biological samples by VCM MIM was reliable. The development of the assay, across a range of analytical and separated techniques for which MIM appeared to be the best support, was giving rise to increased interest in the determination of antibiotics as speedy assay for the blood concentration in clinical.

The aim of the study was to address the causality links and identify specific features of the gut microbiota signatures contributing to host lipids metabolism in the presence or absence of polyene phosphatidylcholine (PPC) administration, and evaluate potential risk of PPC consumption. About 20 C57BL/6J mice were randomly allocated into two groups, normal diet group (CK) and PPC administration group (205.2 mg/kg). Compared with CK group, the contents of unsaturated fatty acids were increased and the saturated fatty acids were decreased in PPC group. The content of free fatty acids (FFA) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were significantly decreased (P < 0.05), and expression of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1A (CPT1A), cluster of differentiation 36 (CD36), liver fatty acid binding protein (L-FABP), fatty acid transport protein 5 (FATP5), and fatty acid synthase (FASN) were significantly decreased in the mRNA and protein levels after treated by PPC (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Also, we found that acetic acid in feces was significantly increased after consumption of PPC (P < 0.05). After PPC administration the relative abundances of Firmicutes and Clostridia were increased within the phylum level and the class level, respectively. Microbial abundances in genus level were dominated by Lachnospiraceae and Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, whereas the proportion of sequences assigned to Bacteroidetes within the phylum level, class Bacteroidias and Mollicutes, order Anaeroplasmatalesl, genus Bacteroidales_S24-7_group were decreased in metagenomes of treated group with PPC and did not significantly influence on the accumulation of trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO). This study revealed that intake of PPC could regulate the gut microbiota signatures and lipids metabolism in mice without TMAO accumulations. © 2019 BioFactors, 45(3):439-449, 2019.

Compound amino acid injection, as the source of nitrogen in parenteral nutrition, is administrated to patients with compromised gastrointestinal function or whose nutritional needs cannot be satisfied via the GI tract.Therefore, compound amino acid injection is crucial in nutrition therapies.However, a consensus does not exist in China regarding its indications, formulations, dosages, and the timing of administration.Experts in the field are recruited by the Chinese Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (CSPEN) and the Chinese Society of Nutritional Oncology ( CSNO) to formulate a consensus paper.The current paper aims to provide standardized guidance for clinical use of compound amino acid injection.The consensus paper is a composite of systematically reviewing pertinent literature, Chinese clinical practice, and multiple sessions of debate, discussion, and composition, with reference to guidelines from American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition ( ASPEN), European Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism ( ESPEN), CSPEN, and CSNO.This consensus presents 10 recommendations for protein needs and appropriate compound amino acid injection formulas to serve varied patients.