分别以具有中微孔、微孔和中孔的颗粒活性炭为载体,制备Pt负载的铂炭催化剂.使用BET、SEM、XPS、TEM等对所制备的材料进行物性结构表征;使用固定床反应器表征铂炭催化剂对乙醇的热催化降解性能.研究表明,Pt负载量为0.05％(质量分数)、载体具有微孔和中孔混合结构的铂炭催化剂,在280℃时乙醇的降解率为87.81％,远优于相同Pt负载量、载体为单纯微孔(降解率57.89％)和单纯中孔(降解率62.26％)结构的铂炭催化剂.120 h的老化实验表明,中微孔铂炭催化剂具有良好的热催化稳定性.

在准28mm管式流化床上，运用等温法进行福建无烟粉煤和纸浆黑液水蒸气小型催化气化研究实验，考察了770~830℃温度和催化剂加载浓度的变化对碳转化率和煤的产热值的影响。实验结果表明：添加3~10%的黑液催化剂的大田煤在小型流化床中，催化气化的碳转化率达到同温度空白煤样的转化率的优于不添加催化剂的情况。试验气化温度范围内温度的升高和催化剂浓度的增大能显著提高炭转化率和煤的产热值。

With sodium carbonate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate used as the catalysts respectively, the steam gasification kinetic experiments of Fujian Jianxin and Chuanghong anthracites were conducted in an atmospheric thermal balance, and the effects of catalyst loading amount ( 0% ~15%) and gasification temperature ( 850 ~950 ℃) were examined.The experimental data were fitted by shrinking core model. Meanwhile, the kinetic parameters were obtained.The results show that both sodium carbonate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate can significanlt y increase the gasification rate and er duce the activation energy of gasification reaction of the two anthracite samples.Because the loading process of ac talyst LAS can make the sodium ions being dispesr ed more evenly, even with low concentration of Na+, the carbon conversion can be imp roved significantly and the gasificationr eaction time is reduced to .The experime nts prove that it is a new way for the application and devle opment of LAS in catalytic ts eam gasificationo f Fujian anthar cti e.

Using sodium carbonates as a catalyst,the steam gasification kinetics of Jianxin high metamorphosed anthracite was studied by isothermal thermo-gravimetric analysis under ambient pressure in this paper.The reaction activity of anthracite loaded with different sodium carbonate concentrations(0—18%)was investigated within the tem-perature range from 800—950,℃.The loading saturation level of the sodium carbonate in catalysts under experimental conditions was determined.The catalytic steam gasification reaction could be well fitted by the shrinking-core model and the kinetic parameters were determined.Results show that sodium carbonate remarkably reduces the activation energy of gasification reaction.It is exhibited that compensation effect exists clearly in catalytic gasification kinetics in the kinetic analysis.The compensation effect is expressed by ln,A0=8.66×10-5E-0.282,7,and the isokinetic tem-perature is 1 389 K.

The steam gasification kinetics of Chuanghong anthracite by using sodium dodecyl-benzenesulfonate and sodium citrate as catalysts was investigated in an isothermal thermo-gravimetric analyzer under ambient pressure. The relationships between coal conversion and reaction time at different catalyst concentrations(0—15%)was studied within the temperature range of 850—950,℃. The catalytic steam gasification reaction was well fitted by the shrink-ing-core model and the kinetic parameters were obtained. The research results showed that both catalysts can greatly improve gasification rate and remarkably reduce the activation energy of gasification reaction. Sodium dodecyl-benzenesulfonate has the same catalytic effect as sodium carbonate and better catalytic effect than sodium citrate on gasification rate, so it is a good catalyst for catalytic gisification of anthracite.

Based on the measurements of specific surface area and thermal balance(800—950℃)of samples at different catalyst loadings of Na2CO3,the adsorption isotherms and specific surface areas,carbon conversions and gasification kinetics of the Fujian Jianxin mixed coal were investigated.Type Ⅱ adsorption,type L3 desorption and H3-type hysteresis loop produced in the adsorption-desorption process indicated that experimental samples exhibited such obvious characteristics of two-end opening holes,ink-bottle pore with one end closed and the slit pore configurations.The function of catalyst filling in micropore and smoothing the surface of played a key role in gasification reactivity.At the lower loading range from 0 to 8%,the decrease of specific surface area with increasing catalyst loading led to the enhancement of carbon conversion and reaction rate.When the catalyst loading was 12%,the minimum and maximum specific surface areas of the respective micropore and intergrading pore,and the distinct inflexion with an abrupt decline of gasification reaction half-life implied that these microporous surfaces carrying out mainly gasification reaction could reach such a loading saturation level(LSL)by complete filling and sufficient covering of catalyst.However increasing the catalyst loading beyond the LSL from 15% to 24%,an excess of catalyst loading would fill the intergrading pore and overlap each other,which alleviated the smoothing and regularizing actions of surface and led to a basically constant,specific value of carbon conversion and reaction rate of gasification.The shrinking core model could be used to describe the kinetic process of catalytic gasification and to predict the reaction rate constant at different temperatures and catalyst loadings.At 12% of catalyst loading the activation energy of reaction reached a lower value of 92.89 kJ·mol-1 and was 55% less than the 207.08 kJ·mol-1 of the original pure coal,which demonstrated that in this case the micropore of sample sufficiently filled by catalyst could provide more reactive carbon seats and therefore a high carbon conversion and gasification rate could be obtained.

The research advance of bio-flocculant was reviewed.The paper presentsed a review on the current studies of bio-flocculants;describes them in detail;gave a narration on the applications rexearch of biomass flocculan,modified flocculant,synthetical flocculant,modified synthetical flocculant in the field of wastewater treatment.

The experimental results of PDU and the technologic characteristics of four types of catalytic gasification process,with the purpose of respectively producing the synthetic natural gas-methane by pressuried fluidized gasifier at the Exxon of USA,the medium heating value fuel gas by pressuried spouted fluidized gasifier at the UBC of Canada,and by internaly circulating fluidized gasifier with draft tube at KAIST of Korea,the industrial fuel gas by the "Catalytic Gasification and Ash-cinder Calcination" integration system (i.e.CGAC) at the Fuzhou University of China,were reiewed and compared.It is clear that in order to provide more effictive information on the scaled-up engineering design the new PDU of catalytic fluidized gasifier providing heat with burning of coal itself needs to be establised urgently and special experiments in this PDU requires quickly in processing.Since the great demand in the market of industrial fuel and synthetic gases,preferentially developing the CGAC integration patent will make more progress in an actual industrialization processing of catalytic gasification technology.

Investigated a method about constructing reticular structure of nature fiber through frothing solution approach.It constructed a mat with truss-like reticular structure by through bubble different press between inside and outside,and adsorbing for the fiber on the film of bubble,and bonding between fibers acted as knots in a truss with thought hydrogen bond and stickiness action with hydroxyl group on the fiber end.The results indicated that an evenly structured ULDM with good dimensional stability and required physical and mechanical properties could be constructed in uniformly distributed foam with a bubble diameter between 0.25 and 0.65 mm.Both bubble diameter of over 1.0 mm and uneven bubble diameters would cause large voids in the material,thus decreasing its mechanical properties.The characteristic of the ultra-low-density material is: density 0.01-0.12 g·cm-3,thermal conductivity 0.019-0.043 w·mK-1,sound-absorbing rate 0.83.

本文对植物纤维膨化材料进行了理论分析和试验研究.在膨化试验过程中,气泡的分布和大小影响着材料的各项物理力学性能.纤维在气泡张力和顶托力的作用下实现了自由的联结,形成立体交叉网络结构.胶黏剂和表面活性剂使这种结构得到了加强.

Extraction of perfume oil form lauraceae plant leaves with supercritical carbon dioxide was performed at different constraints temperature and varied pressure in a 10 L laboratory apparatusThe effects of temperature and pressure on the ability of extraction of perfume oil form lauraceae plant leaves were investigated

Extraction technique of Chinese cinnamon oil by supercritical carbon dioxide method was studied. Factors affecting extraction yields, such as temperature, pressure, CO2 flow rate and bulk density of the raw material, were discussed. By orthogonal experiment, optimal technological conditions were achieved as follows: extracting temperature 40°C; extracting pressure 35 MPa; CO2 flow rate 30 kg/h; bulk density of raw material (0.44±0.02) g/mL. Oil yield obtained by this method is 5 times more than that by steam distillation method. The obtained cinnamon oil is of brownish red color with right pure odor.

从红花建莲(Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. Fujian)的莲子中提取出具有生物活性的糖蛋白(GLP),并进行清除自由基作用的研究.用60%(NH4)2SO4饱和溶液沉淀蛋白质,经ConA-Sepharose 4B亲和层析柱分离,Sephadex G-150凝胶层析柱纯化,得到2个组分的糖蛋白,分子量分别为25kD的GLP-Ⅰ和92.5kD的GLP-Ⅱ,后者为其主要成分.GLP中蛋白质含量是58.8%,总糖含量是36.4%.TLC和GC分析结果:GLP-Ⅰ是由L-鼠李糖,D-木糖,D-甘露糖和D-葡萄糖组成.其中性糖摩尔比:1.08∶0.92∶2.54∶4.15.GLP-Ⅱ是由L-鼠李糖D-木糖,D-甘露糖,L-阿拉伯糖,D-半乳糖,D-葡萄糖和D-葡萄糖醛酸组成,其中性糖摩尔比:1.25:1.03∶2.85∶0.94∶3.16∶4.65.药理实验表明:两种糖蛋白均有清除自由基的作用,而GLP-Ⅱ清除能力大于GLP-Ⅰ.

Extraction of perfume oil from Lauraceae plant leaves with supercritical carbon dioxide was performed at different temperatures and varied pressure in a 1.0 L laboratory apparatus.The effects of temperature and pressure on the ability of extraction of perfume oil from Lauraceae plant leaves were investigated.

Introduced the importance of anti interference and the measure of anti interference of the microcomputer automatic control system used in the intermittent distillation of rosin was designed in the software and hardware The system has been applied in the production of rosin

The affecting factors, the technological characteristics of rosin distillation, the enforcement strategy and the effect of applying computers on the automatic control system of the production of rosin were discussed

采用STD总线工业控制机对松脂间歇蒸馏系统实行自动控制.在分析系统控制方案的基础上,阐述了系统的硬件和软件设计方法,以及系统实现的功能和效益.