Effect of acetylsalycilic acid (aspirin; Ron-Pulenk) on activity of mouse neutrophil peroxydase system was investigated. Using luminol-dependent chemiluminscence and cytochemical methods we demonstrated that neutrophil peroxydase system in mice receiving aspirin for 14 days is probably determined by stimulation of myeloperoxydase synthesis.
The effects of hypolipidemic drug clofibrate and polypeptide dalargin on activity of the neutrophil peroxidase system in mice were studied using the method of luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. Clofibrate and dalargin increased the chemiluminescence of mouse whole blood. Their combined use several-fold potentiated this effect. It is expected that combined use of hypolipidemics and polypeptides will open a new trend in the search for stimulators of oxygen-dependent nonspecific immunity.
The effect of SO 3 2− , S2−, NO 3 − , and NH 4 + on activity of the peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide system in human peripheral blood neutrophils was studied by the cytochemical method. We showed that the effect of these xenobiotics on neutrophils is similar to that on plants.
Activity of the peroxidase-hydrogen peroxide system is proposed as a biological marker of ecological risk of heavy metal contamination of the environment. The effect of lead, copper, mercury, and cadmium ions on peroxidase system activity in human peripheral blood neutrophils was studied using cytochemical methods. A possible mechanism of suppression of peroxidase system activity by metal ions is discussed.
The effect of rare metal ions on the activity of the peroxidase system in Pisum sativum L. roots was studied by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. Trivalent ions of scandium, gallium, indium, and lanthanum, to different extents, inhibit the chemiluminescence of damaged P. sativum roots. A decreased generation of superoxide due to the formation of the complex between metal ions and NADP can underlie the inhibited activity of peroxidase system. The possible mechanism of inhibition of the peroxidase system activity by metal ions is discussed.
Peroxisomes of neutrophils are formed in promyelocytes. In addition to myeloperoxidase constituting 35% peroxisomes, they contain nonenzymatic antimicrobial cationic peptides and polypeptides, several serine proteases, as well as some other hydrolases and additional components. Similar to serine proteases, these hydrolases can serve as natural antibiotics. Their function can complement the main oxidation function of neutrophilic myeloperoxidase in the protective response. The peroxisomes contain acid glycosaminoglycans functioning as an anionic carrier that reversibly binds cationic proteins, including hydrolases.
The effect of rare metal ions on the activity of the peroxidase system in Pisum sativum L. roots was studied by luminol-dependent chemiluminescence. Trivalent ions of scandium, gallium, indium, and lanthanum, to different extents, inhibit the chemiluminescence of damaged P. sativum roots. A decreased generation of superoxide due to the formation of the complex between metal ions and NADP can underlie the inhibited activity of peroxidase system. The possible mechanism of inhibition of the peroxidase system activity by metal ions is discussed.
Abstract The effect of various dyes, ions of heavy metals (Cd2+, Pb2+, Sn2+, Hg2+, Cu2+) and gaseous waste from thermal power stations (H2S, SO2, NO, NH3) on the peroxi-dase-dependent immunity of pea roots (Pisum sativum) has been studied by luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. It has been found that copper toxicity could be comparable to that of mercury. Fabric dyes dis-azodye “direct” red and “vat” violet at concentrations of 10-5 M reduced plant chemiluminescence as much as 50%. Hydrogen sulfide turned out to be the most toxic among the gases of the industrial gaseous waste. Considering the importance of peroxidase system activity in plants against various infections, it is necessary to control the possibility of impairment of plant immunity by xenobiotics dissolved in water.
Rb+ at concentrations 10(-3) 10(-4), and 10(-5) M increased luminol-dependent chemiluminescence in pea roots, while Li+ at 10(-1), 10(-2), 10(-3), and 10(-4) M decreased it. These data, correlated to the influence of Li+ and Rb+ on luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of the neutrophils during phagocytosis, support the concept of the universal nature of the peroxidase system in plant and animal cells.
A critical survey of data confirming the concept of the existence of peroxidase-containing secretory bodies, peroxidasosomes, in plant cells is presented. Problems of the subcellular distribution of peroxidases in the cells of higher and lower plants are highlighted. Cofactors of cell peroxidase systems in lower plants and the problems of hydrogen peroxide generation are discussed. Functional properties of peroxidase-containing organelles have been described in the case of infection or trauma. The presence of non-enzymatic cationic proteins with bactericidal functions similar to the proteins present in leucocyte peroxidasosomes is discussed.
The effects of fabric dyes (16 items), heavy metal ions (Cd2+, Pb2+, Sn2+, Hg2+, and Cu2+) and gaseous waste of steam power plants (H2S, SO2, NO, NH3) on the peroxidase-dependent immunity in Pisum sativum were studied using the method of luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence. Copper compares to mercury according to its toxicity. The fabric dyes at 10(-5) M decrease the chemiluminescence of plants by 50%. Hydrogen sulfide is the most toxic among gaseous wastes. Since the peroxidase system plays an important role in the struggle of plants against various infections, it is necessary to monitor the effects of xenobiotics dissolved in water on plant immunity.
Some synthetic peptides increased the luminol-dependent chemiluminescence of mouse blood during phagocytosis. It is suggested that the levels of antimicrobial activity of the neutrophil peroxidase system can be raised very quickly (within some dozen of seconds) by these peptides. This raises the possibility of finding a new approach to the therapy for infectious diseases.
