帕金森病(PD)是一种中枢神经系统退行性疾病,病因尚不完全清楚.与正常肠道菌群相比,PD患者肠道菌群发生显著变化.紊乱的肠道菌群通过代谢产物破坏肠黏膜上皮,提高肠黏膜通透性,直接或间接影响肠神经系统和中枢神经系统.Toll样受体通过识别病原体相关分子模式产生炎症反应,进一步诱导小胶质细胞对多巴胺能神经元细胞的神经毒性作用.PD病理学标志物Lewy体中的α-突触核蛋白受肠道菌群影响,从肠神经系统移动到中枢神经系统,诱发免疫反应,导致脑内小胶质细胞对多巴胺能神经元的神经毒性作用.总之,肠道菌群紊乱在PD的发生和发展中起重要作用.本文对肠道菌群在PD发病中的作用和机制进行综述.

Objective To establish the purification and separation technology for total flavones from Semen Descuraniae by investigating 6 types of macroporous adsorption resin.Method The adsorption capacity,elution ratio and purify of total flavones were used as evaluating criteria.The UV-VIS spectrophotometric method was used in the determination of total flavones content.Results NKA-Ⅱresin had better property of purification and separation.The optimal technological conditions were: the concentration of the sample of Semen Descuraniae,4 g/ml(amount of crude drug); the maximum adsorption capacity for total flavones,12.92 mg/g;the optimal column ratio of diameter to height,1/12; the flow velocity of adsorption,3ml/min ; the eluting reagent, 80% ethanol(5 times of the volume of the resin);eluting velocity , 3ml/min.Conclusion The technology of separating and purifying total flavones from Semen Descuraniae with NKA-Ⅱwas stable and effective, and can be applied to manufacture.

Atomic fluorescence spectrometry was used to measure the trace selenium of Valeriana officinalis L.var.latifolia Miq.and its growing soil in 3 regions of Enshi,Hubei.The results showed that selenium content of V.officinalis L.var.latifolia Miq.in Enshi was conspicuously higher than in other regions,and could be a effective index to appraise it as a famous-region drug in Enshi.

OBJECTIVE To identify and analyze 20 specimens of Valerians.METHODS Powder of different species was directly compressed and determined by Fourier transformation intermediate infrared spectrum.RESULTS Different species of Valerians with respective spectral characteristics and obviously be classified into three groups by their similar characteristics;Spectral characteristics between intraspecies reflect the component constancy and habitat difference.CONCLUSION Infrared spectrum is fast and effective identification method for common medicinal plants of Valerians.