In the process of water-bearing gas reservoir development, water invasion has a serious influence on the recovery factor of the gas reservoirs. In order to accurately and intuitively evaluate the dynamic characteristics of water invasion in complex edge-water gas reservoirs and determine the size of edge water and the location of dominant water invasion channel, this paper regards the water and development gas well at the edge of a gas reservoir as the water invasion unit（including water unit and gas well unit） based on the geological data of the gas reservoir and the production data of the gas well, and establishes a new numerical simulation model of water invasion unit in the gas reservoir with complex water invasion flow of edge water. Then, the pressure of each unit is calculated by the material balance equation, and the gas saturation and water cut of each unit are calculated by the gas-water two-phase motion equation. Finally, combined with genetic algorithm, the production data is automatically fitted based on the characteristic parameters of modified water units and water invasion channels, and water distribution and dominant water invasion channel are reidentified. And the following research results are obtained. First, the new numerical simulation model based on water invasion unit can effectively improve the computational efficiency of numerical simulation and accurately reflect the inflow performance of water invasion. Second, the automatic history fitting of the new model combined with intelligent optimization algorithm realizes the inversion of water invasion performance, and can determine the characteristic parameters of water body and water invasion channels more quickly. Third, the development practice of a typical well group in a certain gas reservoir of the Sichuan Basin proves that the new numerical simulation model of water invasion unit can effectively recover the historical process of water invasion. This method can quickly and accurately evaluate the influence degree of water invasion, propose targeted optimization and adjustment scheme, and provide reference for the measures of drainage and gas recovery in the later period. In conclusion, the research results enrich the theoretical foundation for the numerical simulation of water invasion gas reservoir, and a new water invasion simulation method combining the surrogate model with intelligent optimization algorithm is innovatively proposed, which provides technical support and direction guidance for enhanced gas recovery of water-bearing gas reservoirs.

四川盆地西北部(以下简称川西北)双鱼石构造中二叠统栖霞组气藏天然气勘探开发潜力大,尚处于开发早期阶段,由于该区地质条件特殊、动静态资料缺乏,导致对该气藏认识不足,尚未实现整体规模效益开发.为了有效预测开发早期复杂气藏的开发前景并给后续气藏整体效益开发提供支撑,基于新钻井及其试采资料,结合数字岩心、灰色关联法及大数据分析等技术的应用,系统评价了双鱼石构造栖霞组气藏的地质及气藏工程特点,总结了控制气井高产的影响因素,评估了气藏的开发前景.研究结果表明:①川西北双鱼石构造栖霞组气藏具有明显"分带分层"特征,由西向东划分的6个构造高带共发育局部圈闭14个,圈闭面积共计246.4 km2,总体为台地—台地边缘沉积,角砾状白云岩和砂糖状白云岩为有利的储集岩相;②储层具有特低—低孔隙度、低渗透率特征,裂缝—孔洞型和裂缝—孔隙型是主要的储渗空间类型;③该气藏具有统一的压力系统和天然气性质,整体发育大型构造一岩性复合圈闭,为超深复杂断裂成组气藏;④采用容积法估算该气藏地质储量超过1 000×108 m3,试采井总动态储量为150×108 m3,气井产能差异较大,水平井(大斜度井)井型提产效果显著,基于灰色关联法明确了控制高产井的主要地质因素为沉积相;⑤基于大数据分析技术,预测双鱼石构造栖霞组气藏采气速度为2.61％,稳产年限为11.34年,采收率为60.5％.

NOx是燃煤电站排放的主要污染物之一.控制锅炉燃烧能减少NOx的生成,有利于降低燃煤电站的NOx排放量.针对某四角切圆燃烧煤粉锅炉,分别调整过剩空气系数、二次风配风方式、燃尽风量、磨煤机出力分布、周界风、偏转二次风以及煤粉细度等因素,总结出各因素对NOx的影响趋势,并经过合理调整,将NOx生成量降低了近28％.结果表明,炉膛内氧气浓度和分布状况决定了NOx的生成情况,采用低氧燃烧和空气分级燃烧能有效减少NOx的生成.

减少电站锅炉NOx生成是降低NOx排放的重要方面.针对对冲燃烧锅炉,通过调整运行氧量、二次风配风方式、磨煤机组合方式、燃尽风率、煤粉细度等参数,在较小影响锅炉经济性和安全性的条件下,将NOx生成量降低了约22％.结果表明,降低主燃区氧量是减少NOx生成的关键.

随着兼并重组、采矿范围变更与开发强度的加大,露天煤矿遇到小煤窑采空区及火区,其带来了煤层自燃、有毒有害气体超标、设备陷入采空区、爆破安全性下降、边坡不稳定等一系列新的安全生产问题.对迫切需要解决的问题进行总结,并从设备保障和技术支撑方面提出对策,为类似矿山遭遇此类情况时提供借鉴与参考.

This paper presents the analysis on the periodic fluctuation of pressure in flue and air system of a 660MW supercritical boiler, firing high sulfur coal. The analysis shows that the fluctuation is resulted from a blockage in its air pre-heater, especially in winter. Just as the temperature of flue gas lower than its acid dew point, corrosion occurs and induces the blockage furthermore. This paper exhibits a typical case in boiler firing high sulfur coal.

脱硝投入造成空预器堵灰严重进出口差压及漏风系数增加,锅炉效率降低,引风机动叶磨损严重,电除尘布袋堵塞及结晶.

This paper presents a research on the problem of catalyst failure in a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system. The preliminary analysis indicates that the catalyst failure is caused by abrasion. For this, firstly, the mechanism of abrasion is analyzed through a field experiment. Secondly, according to the results from the field experiment, a scheme is put forward to optimize the flow field. Finally, the application results show that the uniformity of fly ash distribution in the flue gas are improved prominently, the reliability of the SCR system is enhanced at the same time.

This paper presents the experimental investigation on the operational performances of a Boiler after a Low NOx burner retrofit. After the retrofit, several operational performances emerge a major change, including the unburned combustible in flying ash raise under higher load, the temperature of reheat steam drop greatly under lower load. As a result, the changes have an influence on the economy of boiler. As for it, a special experimental study was carried out to obtain the best operating mode, and the law of change on the several parameters. The research results are a significant reference to retrofit involved in Low NOx burner utilized to a boiler.

针对自移式破碎机半连续工艺在平朔矿区首次使用,根据东露天矿地质、生产规模等情况,对半连续工艺工作面布置方式和工作面组合台阶进行了分析研究,得出敞通式采掘带工作面适合东露天半连续系统,同时从岩层厚度,挖掘机规格以及转载机规格等对半连续工艺组合台阶合理台阶高度进行了研究,得出东露天矿半连续工艺组合台阶不设置上分台阶,主采台阶高度为18 m,下分台阶高度为12 m,组合台阶总高度为30 m。

为了使东露天矿半连续工艺设备能够顺利安装运行,根据露天矿面临的实际困难,研究半连续设备安装准备场地的规划,通过优化黄土剥离台阶工作平盘宽度,可以使主采台阶平盘宽度满足带式输送机安装要求,而且也为下部水平提供了120 m的推进量,同时还给出了带式输送机端帮出入沟和排土场场地准备方案,以及半连续系统形成后开拓运输系统和排土场的发展情况。

近些年来,随着计算机网络的不断发展和应用,人们对于计算机网络的安全问题也给予了越来越多的关注,如何借助于计算机网络安全体系确保计算机网络运行过程的安全性和可靠性已经成为相关领域的研究重点之一。鉴于此,本文主要就计算机网络安全的特点就行了分析,并重点就计算机网络安全体系及其结构进行了研究,希望能为相关领域的研究提供指导和借鉴。

In order to ensure the smooth running of the computer information systems,we must analyze the related breakdown,offer maintenance and management,and constantly perfect the computer system,so as to make full use of its function and role.In this paper,computer information systems failure is analyzed,especially the maintenance management processes,principles,con tents,and management implementation for failure,in order to provide a reference for the related research fields.

This paper dose research on PNR capacity expansion and PNR format change from 5-Character to 6-Character in Computer Reservation System of Civil Aviation. It proposes a gentle reformation scheme for PNR format change, and uses parameters to control different stages and support perimeter systems. It has been applied to the reformation of Computer Reservation System of Civil Aviation in China. The scheme not only can expand PNR capacity, but also has little effect on perimeter systems and guarantees the system operating stably.

This paper introduced the problem of ash sticking about suqercritical pressure boiler.We analyzed flow pattern of the burner through cold model test,and made the solution according to the result of the test.After structure reform of the burner,the problem resolved.And the Safety of the boiler operation was visibly increasing.

A 600 MW supercritical boiler slags frequently in operation.Ternary air flow sticks to the wall in ajustable range in cold test,then the plant retrofits for swirling burners. By adding a bluff cone outside ternary air,the condition of ternary air flow sticking to the wall disappears,and the swirling intensity of ternary air changes through adjusting ternary air register.Thus,with the improvement of pulverized coal combustion condition,the boiler slagging phenomenon disappears and the safety of unit operation is enhanced.

For the retrofit of precipitation and flue gas desulfurization (FGD) system, stalling issue of the boiler axial-flow induced draft fan (IDF) was analyzed. By testing the running characteristic parameter of IDF at the scene, and combining with its characteristic: curve, it was discovered that the actual working point of IDF nears its theory stall line, and stalling issue would appear during running. In order to make the actual working point of IDF keeping away from its theory stall line and avoid the stalling issue of IDF, KSE ( the steady implement of function ) equipment was installed at the entrance of the IDF' to changing the position of IDF theory stall line. The stalling issue of IDF was analyzed and probed, and the problem that the stall margin selection should be considered carefully in IDF retrofit and type selection was presented, which gives some useful suggestion for the similar retrofit in power plant.

Owing to worsening coal quality,the dense phase pneumatic ash conveying system of a 300 MW unit can't be in normal operation,making the output capacity of said ash conveying system to be increased,the transporting stability of said system to be decreased,the margin of compressed air used for transportation in the said system to be reduced,the back-pressure in ash bunker to be enhanced,and the wornout of the said system to be intensified.The above-mentioned problems have been analysed,and corresponding solving measures being put forward.

对某电厂300MW机组锅炉运行过程中发生的凡起类似灭火事故进行了详细分析,发现了燃烧不稳是造成锅炉灭火的原因,指出了火检问题影响了对燃烧的判断以及机组采用小油抢技术降低了燃烧稳定性,进而提出了针对性的解决措施.

This paper analyzed the reasons about the problems of induced fan's air flow fault in 300MW power plant,based on the data of induced fan test .It can afford the suggestion for solving this problem in the power plant.