In order to obtain a deeper understanding of the behavior of the structure under high wind load, this paper conducted an experimental study on a full-scale L-shaped single story light frame wood house under the uniform lateral load simulated using a gasbag. The investigation involved the performance of light frame wood structure after it experienced the repeated cyclic lateral wind load as well as the performance of the structure under the ultimate lateral load. Then, the study verified that light frame wood structure can resist repeated cyclic wind loads without observable degradation in stiffness during the anticipated serve life, and recommended shear wall percent drift restriction for lateral wind load design of wood structure in serviceability limit states is 1/400 drift, and in ultimate limit states is 1/80 drift. The conclusions of this paper can be benefit for the engineering practice of the light frame wood structures in high wind load regions.

14 wood shear walls and 2 diaphragms were tested.The specimens were made according to common light frame wood engineering practices in China.All the specimens were tested under monotonic load protocol.Finite element analysis was executed to extend study of the shear walls.Furthermore,a method for calculating lateral stiffness based on displacements was provided.The studies verified that the lateral stiffness and strengths of shear walls were proportion to the lengths.The lateral stiffness and strengths of perforated and gypsum board sheathed shear walls were studied,and the methods to improve stiffness and strengths of the walls were compared.The stiffness and strengths of unblocking floor diaphragm were studied.It is found that sheathings of diaphragm transfer shear loads and most moment loads,while the maximum slips of sheathing-to-framing joints of diaphragm were found in unblocking edges of sheathings in corner areas.Some other useful conclusions were also obtained in the study.

This paper explains an experimental study on a full-scale L-shape single story light frame wood house under the uniform lateral load simulated using a gasbag. The study verifies that shear walls are staggered to each other and the 1.0-m offset between them behave as a continuous shear wall, floor diaphragm with a reentrant corner up to 1.0 m that does not need a continuous end chord. Degradation in racking stiffness of light frame wood construction after continuously repeated cyclic lateral loads is not observable, while intermittent and larger amplitude cycling can cause observable settling of residual deformation and degradation in racking stiffness. The rigidity performance and high racking resistance of the floor diaphragm enables the light frame wood building to remain intact under ultimate lateral load, and recommends interstory percent drift restrictions for the lateral wind load design of the structures and the way to properly calculate racking capacity of gypsum sheathings. The conclusion of this paper can benefit the engineering practice of the light frame wood structures in hazard lateral load regions.

This paper is focus on the nail connection of wood structures.A brief introduction about the yield theory which is used for predicting the lateral resistance of dowel-type connections is given.And the theorization and development of the yield theory are presented in detail.Some researches on the nail connection of wood structures,such as the specimen configuration,the decline effect,the combine resistance of lateral loading and pulling,the performance comparison between nail connection and other connection are reviewed in aspects.Different nail properties and constructional details will induce variant load-carrying properties of nail connection;the group effect and the wedge effect should be considered in design of nail connection;the lateral resistance and the draw resistance will interact;repetitive loading,load duration effect,temperature and relative humidity variety,and the molder of wood member will reduce the carrying capacity and the stiffness of nail connection with variant degree;the screw nail connection has higher draw resistance and lateral resistance for its thread around nail rod,comparing with the common nail connection;the nail-glue combination can enhance the carrying capacity and the stiffness of nail connection greatly.

<正>应县木塔式建于辽清宁二年(1056年),高67.31m,是世界上现存木结构古建筑中具有如此规模和历史的文物建筑孤例。应县木塔本体是将1～2层的殿堂结构依次叠合而成,67.31m的高度使木塔自重大大增加,致使构架及

应县木塔建造于1056年,高达67.31m,而当时对木材横纹承压受力性能缺乏应有的知识,致使木塔下部1～3层柱顶水平木构件横纹承压应力严重超过设计值,产生不可恢复的承压变形,部分构件已严重劈裂。本文提出用玻璃纤维增强塑料(GFRP)棒局部增强横纹承压技术,短期荷载试验结果表明,组合木构件的横纹承压强度大幅度提高,刚度有所增加,其延性性能得到大的改善。在深入研究GFRP棒增强机理的基础上,提出了GFRP增强木材组合构件横纹承压承载力的简化计算公式。

268 specimens of nail fasteners in wood shear walls were tested under monotonic lateral load protocol.The specimens were made with common nails made in China and No.2 graded S-P-F dimensional lumber and OSB imported from North America.From the tests,the following primary conclusions were drawn: ①The lateral shear strengths of nail fasteners were mostly governed by failure modes;②The edge distances of the fastener joints significantly influenced the strength;③Even the stiffness of the fastener was discrete,the stiffness was significantly influenced by the loading-to-grain directions.The further experimental studies are necessary for drawing the design formulas of the nail fasteners under lateral load in wood shear walls using common nails made in China.

In this paper,the JG/T 199-2007 testing method for evaluating physical and mechanical properties of bamboo products used in buildings was analyzed and compared with the national standard GB/T 15780-1995 for evaluating physical and mechanical properties of bamboo products.The historical development,sample preparation,instruments,and testing methods of both standards were presented.The objective of this paper was to provide suggestions and guidance for a potential reversion of GB/T 15780-1995.

From an experimental study of a light-frame wood construction building under lateral loads,following conclusions have been drawn: The path of shear forces transfer between two adjacent floor is consistent with the design assumption: shear wall of upper floor → floor → shear wall of lower floor;the shear slips between each shear wall and diaphragm are relatively small,and can be neglected;a whole structural model should be used during the analysis of whole structure,and in order to simplify the analysis,an effective simple analysis model,which take into account the deformation of floor diaphragm,has been proposed in this paper;the non-lateral-resisting members significantly increase the stiffness of building,and should be taken into account if these members are finalized in the design;the gypsum board ceiling provides only a limited stiffness for diaphragm and can be neglected.

轻型木结构住宅在我国已建成千余幢,随着经济进一步发展,北美木材商还将更多地向我国出口这种住宅,以满足新兴中产阶层提高居住条件的需求.轻型木结构的应用是木结构在我国停用二十来年后得到复兴的标志.这种房屋的楼盖主梁与搁栅、屋盖的脊梁与椽条、天棚搁栅及墙骨等主要承重构件皆采用规格材,因此确保规格材的安全可靠是轻型木结构施工质量的重中之重.所以,国家标准《木结构工程施工质量验收规范》GB 50206-2002将规格材应力等级的检验列为主控项目,属强制性条文.

The Larix gmelini is suggested by the authors to be used to repair the ancient wooden tower in Yingxian County of Shanxi Province in accordance with the provision of Technical Code for Maintenance and Strengthening of Ancient Timber Buildings,i.e. GB 50165--92. Since the checks during seasoning are more deeper than that of the other species and Yingxian County wooden tower is demanded to be handed down for thousand years after the repair, based on the testing results of an investigation for finding out the regularity of the seasoning checks and the contrast test of glued-laminated timber beams made of larch and fir, two measures to control seasoning checks are suggested: nail-connected beam of a pair of sawn timbers, the wide side of which is cut along diameter of the round timber; and glued_laminated timber. The checks of the timber members used to the repair of wooden tower in Yingxian County will be controlled within the limit stipulated in GB 50165--92.

本文通过哈尔滨市某高校教学实验楼木屋盖结构的可靠性鉴定实例,总结了长期服役的木结构可能发生的残损类型和原因;介绍了木材强度的检测和木构件强度等级的确定方法;通过主要承重构件的承载力和变形验算,证实该教学楼木屋盖仍可继续使用的可行性,并提出了相应的修缮加固措施.

In order to achieve a proper comprehension for stress-grade inspection of dimension lumber used for wood-frame construction stipulated in GB 50206-2002“Code for construction quality acceptance of timber structrues”,the relationship between the strength measured by bending test of dimension lumber and the design value of bending strength stipulated in GB 50005-2003“Code for design of timeber structures” was analyzed based on the reliability relax of timber structures.And the stress-grade assessment method of dimension lumber was suggested based on the sample inspection theory.An example of stress-grade inspection of dimension lumber was set for inspection organization.

More than 20 years after the pause of application of timber structures in our country, just on the happy occasion of the flouring age, not only tens of hundreds of modern comfortable residential and cultural timber structure building have been imported to meet the needs of material and culture life, but also many famous ancient timber building should be renovated to carry forward the Chinese-civilization. So, recent developments of science and technology of timber structures in the world are introduced,especially composite timber We also take a look forward at the future of the timber structures as so called Green structures.

本规范为国家标准<建筑工程施工质量验收统一标准>GB50300-2001牵头的建筑工程施工质量验收系列规范之一,是将原木结构工程施工及验收规范和工程质量检验评定标准合并后组成的新木结构工程质量验收规范.

Having reviewed the achievements in histo ry in China and progress in the world in the field of wooden structure buildings, pointed out the side effect of the restrictions on using wooden structure in building constructions for more than 20 years in China, the author suggests to pay more attention to the research and development on timber structures for buildings and to establish research and training centers for on timber structure technologies. 

《木结构工程施工质量验收规范》（GB50206 -2002）是遵照“验评分离、强化验收、完善手段、过程控制”十六字方针修订的 ,将《木结构工程施工及验收规范》（GBJ206-83）中的验收部分与《建筑工程质量检验评定标准》（GBJ301 -88）中的检验部分合并而成。引进了国际木结构近年来发展的先进技术 :增加一章“轻型木结构” ;将胶合木结构验收的质量要求与国际的先进水平取齐 ;规定了经防护剂加压处理的锯材、层板胶合木、结构胶合板及结构复合木材应达到的防护剂保持量或透入度。

The failure mechanism of concrete under tension differs from that under compression In this paper, damage models for concrete under tension are developed within the general framework of continuum thermodynamics for irreversible process with internal variables It is supposed that damage evolution equation of tension differs from that of compression A simple and convenient method is proposed to account for the interaction between tension and compression COR an interaction factor is introduced Equivalence stress σeq=CORσ+σ- is defined Only equivalence stress σeq takes place of Cauchy stress σwhen evolution of damage D is derived Comparisons between the model and experimental results of Kupfer and of Zhang agree well

A new definition of the damage degree of SFRC is introduced based on the investigation of damage phenomena of Steel Fibre Reinforced Concrete (SFRC) under axial compressive fatigue loads. The damage equation, which describes the damage evolution in the material, is derived based on the above definition and continuous damage mechanics. It can be found that the evolution model has a good agreement with the experimental results.