为提高城市路内停车系统运行水平,使停车效益最大化,有必要对现有路内停车泊位设施的运行状况进行量化研究.在梳理既往研究成果的基础上,搭建路内停车系统运行水平评价指标体系,利用层次分析法构建路内停车运行水平的评价模型,运用模糊综合评价法进行综合评分,为科学、合理地优化现有路内停车设施提供参考.

针对现今道路预测性、解释性差的现状问题,提出驾驶情景及其构建的概念,探究驾驶情景构建中期望因素的重要性与研究的必要趋势,并从驾驶任务、信息处理以及驾驶人错误的产生三个方面阐述了驾驶期望作用机制的复杂性,对驾驶期望进行了较为全面的概念描述,为未来在考虑人为因素进行驾驶情景构建时更好地利用驾驶人期望因素提供指导性思路.

Vehicle lane-changing on urban roads is the most common traffic behavior, in which the driver changes the direction or increases the speed of the vehicle by changing its trajectory. However, in high-density traffic flow, when a vehicle changes lanes, a series of vehicles following the target vehicle in the target lane will be delayed. In this study, DJI Phantom 4 drones were used to vertically record the traffic on a road section. Tracker software was then used to extract vehicle information from the video taken by the drones, including the vehicle operating speeds, etc. SPSS 22 and Origin analysis software were then employed to analyze the correlations between different vehicle operating parameters. It was found that the operating speed of the first vehicle following the target vehicle in the target lane is related to the speeds and positions of both the target vehicle and the vehicle preceding it. Under the condition of high-density traffic flow, when the target vehicle is inserted into the target lane, the speed of the vehicles following the target vehicle in the target lane will change. To model this process, the corresponding Sine and DoseResp models were constructed. By calculating the delays of vehicles following the target vehicle in the target lane, it was concluded that the overall delay of the fleet is 3.9–9.5 s.

Objectives: Study of the usage and usability of guidance system at intersections in different directional options. Methods: Data on drivers’ use of the intersection guidance system was collected using simulated driving method and eye tracker system. Data were analysed using chi-square test and ANOVA. Results: Directional options at intersections have relevance to use of guidance systems or not and have no relevance to type of use and priority use type. Regardless of driving experience more drivers do not use guidance systems at left-turn intersections and tend to prioritise the use of arrow markings when they do. AILC signs being somewhat more usable than arrow markings, and AILC signs being slightly more usable for left turn functions than for straight ahead functions. Conclusions: The differences in guidance system usage in different directional options highlight the need for road consistency and show the importance of conducting guidance system usability studies. The AILC signs have high usability but low utilization rate and it is suggested that better results could be achieved by improving the usability of left-turn arrow markings that are used more frequently.

当前我国交通事业迅速发展,成果丰硕,但存在的问题也不容忽视,已迫在眉睫需要解决,其中治堵治乱是重中之重.近几年来,为适应数量激增的机动车,各地尝试通过多样的交通渠化对道路进行改善,来满足机动车的需求.然而交叉口处多样的交通组织设计给驾驶人带来更多选择的同时更带来许多困惑.驾驶入对前方道路环境的情境意识较差造成的驾驶迟疑、车道选择错误引发的插队换道,严重影响交叉口的通行能力,易引发交通事故.

研究了在等红绿灯或者步行过马路时使用手机的行人群体特性.根据目前国内外针对这类研究的现状及方法论,通过问卷调查、实地观测人工法、录像法这3类研究方法获取研究数据,然后使用SPSS、minitab、Microsoft office等软件进行数据的分析.最后,基于以上分析结果提出相关管控措施,为减少行人过街使用手机的行为的发生提供新参考.

机动车驾驶人占道行驶被视为一种交通违法行为,一旦发生不仅会严重影响交通活动的正常开展,也可能造成重大损失.本研究旨在研究影响机动车驾驶人占道行驶行为发生的关键因素,以计划行为理论为指导,并根据国内外对于驾驶行为的相关研究,设计TPB问卷,采用网上问卷调查的方式收集相关数据.通过SPSS对问卷数据进行分析,最终得出分析结论.结果表示,不同性别的驾驶人的占道行为没有差异,而驾龄较大和年龄越大的驾驶人发生占道行为的可能性越大.本研究的结果可为交通管理者今后治理该类违法行为提供相关资料,具有现实意义和理论价值.

高质量的课堂教学是实现公安院校学生高素质培养的首要环节.为了使公安院校交通管理工程专业课程教学设计与其偏职业化的教育属性达到有机结合,结合公安交通管理工程专业课程特点,分析运用建构主义学习理论进行教学设计的可行性和优势,设计"教师主导-学生主体"的建构主义教学模式,并以交通工程学为例阐述其具体应用过程,研究成果有利于提升教学效果,确保公安院校在传统学历教育的大环境下,向一线输送合格警员.

Speeding on low-speed limit roads is a common traffic offense in China, which could be due to the mild traffic safety enforcement. The article aims to explicit the impact of traffic enforcement measures on the speeding behavior on low-speed limit roads. First, field data were collected to demonstrate the severity of speeding by investigating speed distribution; second, a virtual traffic enforcement was designed by considering three factors related to traffic enforcement, and a stated preference survey questionnaire including six scenarios was designed and implemented; finally, a series of generalized regret random minimization models were established to study the relationship of speeding behavior and traffic enforcement as well as drivers’ personal characteristics. From the stated preference survey analysis, the research figures out that other vehicles’ average speed is the most important reference to choose speed rather than traffic penalties, and the model estimation results show that speeding violation grows severe if traffic enforcements are lenient. Therefore, increasing the violation costs is a powerful means of lowering the probability of speeding for individual, thus proceeding the drop of vehicles’ average speed, and the fall of average speed will contribute to decrease speeding subsequently.

以京藏高速北京一路段3个月交通数据为基础,研究通行能力跌落特征及其应用.首先,通过非线性拟合、分段线性拟合法得到临界时间占有率和跌幅;其次,通过序列图、标准差分析等方法分析跌落的演化过程;然后,根据演化过程和成因将跌落进行分类;最后,探索了跌落特征在可变限速技术中的应用,标定了临界交通需求、时间占有率、车速标准差等参数.

通过HPT(Hazard perception test)软件对66名不同性别、年龄和驾龄的驾驶入进行实验,测试其面对显性或隐性共14个危险场景的危险感知能力得分,通过spss软件分析年龄和驾龄与得分的相关关系.实验得到,无论是在显性或隐性场景下,驾龄与得分的相关关系都强于年龄与得分的相关关系(p＜0.01);男性的危险感知能力要强于女性;与行人相关的场景,在全部场景中得分最低;会车的场景,在全部场景中得分标准差最小.该实验可为今后设计适合我国的危险感知测试提供一定的理论支持.

“交通管理工程”专业是中国人民公安大学国家级特色专业,为体现专业课程特色,对“交通系统工程”课程进行了改革与创新.首先,针对原课程名称与专业名称不贴合的问题,提出了课程新名称“交通管理系统工程”.其次,针对原课程内容与交通管理实践融合不够的问题,从两个方面进行了探索与改革:一是构建了基于新名称“交通管理系统工程”的课程内容体系;二是在课程的教学实践方面进行了改革与探索.

行程时间可靠性是指通过一天中某一时间段的路径行程时间的一致性.这项研究为出行者提供最佳出发时间,使他们在最大可能性下准点到达目的地.本研究基于自动车辆识别技术收集数据,可直接获取道路网络的行驶时间数据,样本数据全面、充足.为了向出行者提供可靠的出行信息,数据的处理和分析可以通过直方图,PDF和CDF来展示行驶时间的分布情况.本研究基于路段行驶时间的分布,计算路径行驶时间的分布.考虑到复杂且难以直接获取路径行驶时间概率密度分布图,本文采用蒙特卡罗模拟方法从路段行驶时间分布产生可信的路径分布,并将模拟结果与检测到的实际数据进行比较,以验证方法的准确性和可靠性.

高速公路由于其封闭性和单一性的特点促使行驶的车辆经常处于自组织无控制状态,当发生交通事故时道路上的车辆往往会产生大面积的拥堵造成路面瘫痪.本文根据对高速公路事故的分析提出了交通事故的研判指标,阐述了事故研判的目的,运用VISSIM软件对高速公路发生事故的情况进行仿真研究,总结出事故研判的具体方法.研究表明:交通事故研判主要通过对检测点的累积占有率和累积流量进行分析和判断.

随着高速公路的迅速发展,方便又快捷的驾车出行已经成为人们外出的主要方式,但是相伴而来的是高速公路交通事故数量的逐年上升.近几年超速驾驶已经成为造成高速公路发生交通事故的主要因素之一,因此对超速驾驶行为的管理就显得极为重要. 针对高速公路的封闭性和超速违法的严重性,交通安全部门一般采用非现场执法技术对车速进行检测.高速公路超速执法技术主要包括定点测速和区间测速两种,我国高速公路一般更多的是采用定点测速进行超速执法.但是超速执法装置的覆盖范围是有限的,因此对于其产生的执法效应也是不明确的.

Speeding is common in freeways. Speed cameras have limited coverage and the effect of them on speed behavior is unclear. This may lead to irrational decision making on the investment and configuration of enforcement facilities. In this study, required sample speed data were collected in five cross-sections around a speed camera in G45 (Daguang Freeway) of China. Statistics showed that the distance effect model of the speed camera is a concave parabola function. Speeding drivers begin to slow down to speed limits when they approach advance warning signs and then immediately speed up after passing the enforcement site. The deterrent effect of fixed-site speed enforcement is limited to a 300-m range. It was concluded that there is an obvious distance halo effect of fixed-site speed enforcement by deterrence theory. The findings imply that the deterrent effect of fixed-site speed enforcement is weak due to its short effective distance and overt form of control. Reasonable configuration of enforcement facilities and combination with mobile speed enforcement will be appropriate to reduce speeding.

公安技术一级学科设置成功后，公安交通管理类研究生培养方向及培养模式都发生了很大变化。通过对学科课程设置、人才培养方式以及研究基地等方面的探索，从而对交通安全执法技术研究生的培养模式进行相关研究。

<正>高速公路与城市快速路是连接城市之间、城市中心区与远郊区之间的重要交通骨干,与城市道路和低等级公路不同,高速公路与城市快速路具有更为严格的设计标准,全封闭或半封闭的道路环境为车辆的快速行驶提供了更为可靠的空间保障,立体交叉的设计形式消除了不同方向车流间的行车冲突从而确保了行驶的持续顺畅,没有了混合交通的干扰和信号控制带来的延误,高速公路与快速路给驾驶人带来的应该是前所未有的行驶体验。然而,近年来,时逢节假日或重大活动期间,全国各地高速公

针对我国高速公路客车与货车混合行驶造成的交通问题,提出了设置货车专用道的交通管理方式。从工程设计条件和交通条件两个方面来探讨分析高速公路货车专用道的设置条件,得出高速公路设置货车专用道需要满足的条件。

The management of drunk-driving is strengthening continuously,but the behavior of drunk-driving still seriously harms people's daily life.After analyzing the the difficulties faced by traffic administration in drunk-driving management work,this paper holds the alcohol ignition interlock as an effective on-board equipment to avoid drunk-driving.It will put an end to the behavior of drunk-driving,and alleviate the work of drunk-driving management.After contrasting the advantages and disadvantages of different kinds of alcohol ignition interlocks,the paper locates a suitable kind of alcohol ignition interlock to use widely in drunk-driving prevention,and discusses the ways how to put it in to use.