Objective To discuss the expression of phospho-ERK,p38MAPK in proliferative and involuting hemangioma of infant.Methods The expression of phospho-ERK,p38MAPK in 47 cases of infantile hemangioma were detected by using immumohistochemistry assay.Results Expression of phospho-ERK protein was located in the nuclei of endotheliocyte.The positive cell index were (67.71±12.68)% and (21.54±6.85)% in proliferativ and involuting hemangioma respectively.Expression of phospho-p38MAPK protein was located in the nuclei of endotheliocyte too.The positive cell index were (83.78±5.25)% and (57.79±7.63)% in proliferative and involuting hemangioma respectively.The expression of phospho-ERK and p38MAPK protein showed positive correlation in proliferative stage of hemangioma,while negative correlation in involuting stage.Conclusion Phospho-ERK,p38MAPK play important role in proliferative and involutional stages of hemangioma.ERK signaling pathway improves survival and proliferation of endotheliocyte,while p38MAPK probably mediates endotheliocyte to apoptosis in endogenous and exogenous stimuli in involutional stage.

Objective To investigate P53 protein and p53 gene mutations in the tissues of infantile hemangioma.Methods The expression of p53 protein was detected by immunohistochemistry in 66 cases infantile hemangioma.The mutation in p53 gene exon 4 to 6 were identified by polymerase chain reaction based single-strand conformational polymorphism(PCR-SSCP)and subsequently conformed by DNA sequencing in 25 cases infantile hemangioma.Results The expression of P53 was located in the mast cells cytoplasm,The number of mast cells stained with p53 was 31.18±9.08/HPF in proliferative hemangiomas,Which higher than 14.05±6.42/HPF in involuting hemangiomas.There was significant differences between two groups(P0.01).A missense mutation in exon 4 resulting in amino acid substitution was found in 14 pations(codon 72,CGC→CCC,Arginine→proline).A samesense mutation in exon 6 was found in 1 patient(codon 221,GAG→GAA,Glutamic Acid).Mutation in exon 5 was found in none of the studied cases.Conclution The mutation and protein expression of p53 gene participate in occurrence and developmnt of infant hemangioma.

AIM:To investigate the expression of CD44v6 and laminin in esophageal carcinoma tissues and the relationship between the expression of CD44v6,laminin and the tumor invasion and metastasis.METHODS:CD44v6 and laminin expression was detected in normal esophageal mucosa,benign lesions,paracancerous tissues and primary tumor tissues with SP immunohistochemistal method.RESULTS:Compared with the normal esophageal mucosa,the expression of CD44v6 and laminin was significantly different in primary tumor tissues and benign lesions (P＜0.05).The expression of CD44v6 and laminin in tissues of normal esophageal mucosa was significantly different from that in paracancer,CD44v6 and laminin expression was closely correlated with the tumor grade and lymphatic metastasis in esophageal carcinoma(P＜0.05).The presence of CD44v6 and laminin expression has no relation to the clinical stage of the disease.There was no correlation between the expressions of CD44v6 and laminin(P＞0.10).CONCLUSION:The expression of CD44v6 and laminin maybe play an important role in the malignant transformation,invasion and metastasis of esophageal carcinoma.

Objective To detect p53 gene mutations in exon 4 to 6 and c-Myc gene amplification in the tissues of infantile hemangioma. Methods 25 cases of infant hemangioma and 10 cases of adult hemangioma were obtained.Mutations in p53 gene exon 4 to 6 were identified by polymerase chain reaction based single-strand conformational polymorphism(PCR-SSCP) and subsequently conformed by DNA sequencing.Amplification of c-Myc gene was assessed by densitometry after polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) of the PCR products.Results The missense mutaion in p53 gene exon 4 were found in 14 of 25 cases infant Hemangiomas (56.00%)and the same mutation were found in 2 of 10 cases adult Hemangiomas(20.00%).There was no significant difference between two groups(P0.05).1 case in infant group had a samesense mutation in exon 6.Mutation in exon 5 was found in none of the studied cases.Amplification of c-Myc was found in 16 of 25(64.00%) in infant group,and 2 of 10(20.00%) in adult group. Statistical analysis showed significant difference between two groups(P0.05).In our study,p53 gene mutaions in exon 4 were positively correlated with c-Myc gene amplification(γ_s'=0.43,P0.05).Conclusion It indicates that the alteration of p53 gene may involve in the proliferation of hemangioma and c-Myc gene amplification may play certain role in the process of proliferation and regression of hemangioma.They have a synergistic effect in promoting proliferation or inducing apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the coexpression of CyclinD1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in gliomas and find out its correlation with glioma pathological grades and prognosis. Methods SP immunohistochemical method was used to detect the coexpression of CyclinD1 and PCNA in 63 patients with glioma. All cases were followed up. The labeling index (LI) of CyclinD1 or/and PCNA was compared in different glioma pathological grades and survival periods.Results The LI of CyclinD1 and PCNA was increased with the increase of glioma grades, and there were significant differences among different glioma grades (P＜0.05). While the LI of CyclinD1 and PCNA was decreased with the prolonging of survival period, and there were significant differences among different survival periods (P＜0.05). Conclusions The LI of CyclinD1 and PCNA is more accurate than the one of CyclinD1 or PCNA alone when used for evaluating glioma grades and prognosis,so it can be a diagnostic index for the evaluation of glioma grades and prognosis.

Objective: To explore the expression of survivin in gliomas and its clinical significance. Methods: The expression of survivin in 40 cases of gliomas was examined with immunohistochemical technique. The relationship of the expression of survivin with the histological grades of the gliomas was analyzed. Results: Survivin over-expressed in the gliomas and the level of the expression was related to the histological grades of the gliomas. With higher malignancy, the expression level increased. There was significant difference between the expression of survivin in the gliomas of different grade. Conclusion: Survivin over-expressed in the gliomas and is related to the malignancy of the tumor.

ObjectiveTo investigate the expression and significance of Cyclin D1,Cyclin E,Cyclin A in the occurrence,development and regression of human hemangiomas.MethodsWe observed the expression of Cyclin D1,Cyclin E,Cyclin A in proliferating,involuting and adult hemangiomas and VM by using immunohistochemistry.ResultsWe examined The positive cell index of Cyclin D1,Cyclin A in proliferative hemangioma,involutional stage of hemangioma,adult hemangioma and VM.There was significant positive correlation among them(P<0.05).while differences among involuting hemangiomas,vascular malformations,and adult hemangioma were not statistically significant(P>0.05).The positive rates of Cyclin E in proliferative hemangioma,involutional stage of hemangioma,adult hemangioma and VM were 96%,57%,0% and 0% respectively.There was significant positive correlation among them(P<0.05).while differences among involuting hemangiomas,vascular malformations,and adult hemangioma were not statistically significant(P>0.05).ConclusionAbnormal expression of Cyclin D1,Cyclin E,Cyclin A play important roles in the carcinogenesis and development of children hemangioma.

PURPOSE:The study is aimed to determine the expression of survivin mRNA in salivary gland tumors and its significance in the development and progress of salivary gland tumors. METHODS:The expression of survivin mRNA both in benign and malignant salivary gland tumor tissues and in peripheral tissues was identified by in situ hybridizations assay with the prepared tissue chips. The data were analyzed by Chi-square test and rank sum test using SPSS10.0 software package. RESULTS:The difference in the expression of survivin mRNA was significant between benign and malignant salivary gland tumors (P<0.05). But not significant between the gland tissues around the tumors and malignant tumors (P>0.05). The difference in the expression of survivin mRNA in malignant salivary gland tumor was significant in the pathological grade, lymph node status and relapse of the tumor (P<0.05), but not significant in gender, age of the patients and size of the tumors (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:The expression of survivin mRNA is associated with clinic pathological characteristics of the malignant salivary gland tumors. Survivin mRNA may play a crucial role in earlier diagnosis and prognosis of the malignant salivary gland tumors.

结核病是严重危害人类健康的传染病,近年来发病呈上升趋势.由于外界理化环境的影响及菌体的变异,传统抗酸染色阳性率大为降低.

Objective To explore the expression of C-myc in gliomas and its clinical significance.Methods The expression of C-myc in 40 cases of gliomas was examined with immunohistochemical technique.The relationship of the expression of C-myc with the histological grades of the gliomas was analyzed.Results C-myc overexpression in the gliomas and the level of the expression were related to the histological grades of the gliomas.With higher malignancy,the expression level increased.The expression of C-myc in the gliomas of different grades was significantly different.Conclusion C-myc overexpression in the gliomas is related to the tumor malignancy.

目的探讨涎腺肿瘤中Survivin蛋白的表达情况,明确其表达与涎腺肿瘤的发生、发展及临床病理的关系.方法制备组织芯片,应用pictureTM法进行免疫组化染色.结果①Survivin蛋白在涎腺良性肿瘤中的阳性表达率显著低于交界性肿瘤、恶性肿瘤及癌旁腺体中的表达(P均＜0.005);交界性肿瘤与恶性肿瘤中的表达无显著性差异(P＞0.05);而恶性肿瘤中的表达高于癌旁腺体中的表达,且差异有显著性(P＜0.01).②在恶性肿瘤中,低分化者的Survivin阳性表达率明显高于高分化者(P＜0.0005);有淋巴结转移者明显高于无淋巴结转移者(P＜0.0005);复发瘤明显高于原发瘤(P＜0.05);而不同性别、年龄及不同大小的肿瘤间均无显著性差异(P＞0.05).结论Survivin蛋白表达与涎腺恶性肿瘤的发生、发展及预后有关,可作为涎腺恶性肿瘤早期诊断及预后判断的可靠指标.

Objective To study the expression of survivin in malignant pleomorphic adenoma,relay pleomorphic adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma.Methods The transcription and interpretation of urvivin mRNA in the salivary gland tumor were analyzed via immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization methods.Results Survivin mRNA expression and protein expression were almost the same in malignant pleomorphic adenoma,relay pleomorphic adenoma and pleomorphic adenoma.But they were different in the gland around the malignant pleomorphic adenoma.There was a significant difference of Survivin mRNA and protein expression in pleomorphic adenoma and malignant pleomorphic adenoma,and relay pleomorphic adenoma.The expressions were almost the same in relay and malignant pleomorphic adenoma.Conclusion The expression of survivin mRNA and protein is increased in pleomorphic adenoma and may be involved in the onset and progression of pleomorphic adenoma.It indicates that mRNA is relatively stable in the mRNA transcription and protein interpretation in malignant pleomorphic adenoma,and it is also showed earlier in gene amplification than in protein expression of the malignant tumor in the initial stage of malignant pleomorphic adenoma.Survivin can be a new diagnostic/therapeutic target in pleomorphic adenoma.

目的:从临床角度探讨慢性增生性声带炎与癌变的关系. 方法:对长期声音嘶哑且药物治疗效果不佳的115例慢性增生性声带炎患者,应用日本Olympus BF YEPY XT30纤维喉镜经鼻腔下行喉镜检查并取材,标本用40 g/L甲醛固定;组织进行常规切片,HE染色,中性树胶封片,光镜下观察分析. 结果:在115例患者中111例确诊为声带黏膜慢性炎, 4例(3.48%)确诊为声带黏膜慢性炎伴局灶性上皮重度不典型增生癌变. 结论: 老年人慢性增生性声带炎特别是单侧声带炎部分可发生恶变,必须高度重视.

AIMTo investigate the therapeutic effects of emodin in combination with baicalein on severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) rats and to explore the mechanism of SAP.METHODSA total of 112 SAP rats induced by retrograde injection of 5% sodium taurocholate into the biliary-pancreatic duct, randomly assigned to a untreated group and three treated groups emodin group, combined emodin and baicalein group, and sandostatin group. Meanwhile, another 28 other rats were selected as sham operation (SO) group. There were 28 rats in each group, 8 rats were in 3 and 6 h groups respectively, and 12 rats in 12 h group. At each time-points, survival rates, ascites volumes, pathological lesion scores of pancreas tissues, serum amylase, tumor necrosis factor-alpha and IL-6 levels were determined as the indexes of therapeutic effects.RESULTSThe survival rate at 12 h was significantly higher in three treated groups than in untreated group. The ascites volume at 12 h was remarkably less in combined and sandostatin groups than in emodin group, but there was no difference between combined group and sandostatin group (P>0.05). Serum amylase levels at all time-points were significantly lower in three treated groups than in untreated group. However, they had no difference among treated groups (P>0.05). Serum TNF-alpha were lower in three treated groups than in untreated group at all time points. Among the three treated groups, at 6 h, the TNF-alpha levels of combination and sandostatin groups were lower than those of emodin group. These was no difference between combined and sandostantin. Serum IL-6 concentration at 3 h were lower in combined and sandostatin groups than in untreated group, but at 6 and 12 h they were lower in all treated groups than in untreated group and the combined and sandostatin groups and in emodin group, no difference was found between combined and sandostatin groups at all time-points (P>0.05). The pathological scores of pancreas at all time points were significantly lower in three treated groups than in the untreated group, and at 6, 12 h, the scores of combined and sandostatin groups were lower than in emodin group. There was no difference between combined and sandostatin groups (P>0.05).CONCLUSIONCombination of emodin with baicalein has significant therapeutic effects on SAP rats.

目的 研究凋亡调控基因bcl-2和bax与婴幼儿血管瘤细胞增生、凋亡的关系,探讨其在血管瘤增生、消退中的作用机制.方法采用免疫组化SP法检测血管瘤及血管畸形组织中增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)及凋亡调控基因bcl-2和bax的表达;用末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶(TdT)介导的d-UTP生物素缺口末端标记技术(TUNEL)检测凋亡细胞.结果bcl-2阳性表达率在增生期和消退期分别是82.14%和46.67%,两者之间差异存在显著性意义(P 0.05).Bax在血管瘤增生期和消退期均为100%表达,与血管畸形中的表达差异有显著性意义(P 0.05),AI与bcl-2/bax比值呈负相关(r=-0.307,P<0.05).结论在血管瘤增生消退中存在着逐渐活跃的凋亡现象,细胞凋亡是血管瘤的典型生物学特征,是血管瘤的自然消退的关键因素.bcl-2和bax参与了血管瘤中细胞凋亡的调节。

目的探讨组织芯片技术在免疫组化试验中的可靠性和提高组织芯片可信性的方法.方法选择82例人乳腺癌标本石蜡蜡块,利用传统制片技术和自行研制的专用器具分别制作常规石蜡切片和组织芯片,采用免疫组化技术检测雌激素受体(ER)、孕激素受体(PR)的表达.结果采用自行研制的专用器具制备组织芯片,所得样本的可分析率均在92.9%以上,且随着对同一标本取材数量的增加,其可分析标本率也明显上升.采用传统方法检测的82例乳腺癌标本中ER和PR的阳性率分别为61%和58.5%;采用组织芯片技术,一式一份取材,其阳性率分别为51.9%和50.0%,一式两份方式取材,其阳性率分别为53.8%和53.8%,采用一式三份方式取材,其阳性率分别为57.1%和60.7%,且三种不同取材方式的检测结果与传统制片法之间并无统计学差异(P>0.75).结论在采用统一制备标准并保证组织芯片质量的前提下,挖取直径1.5mm的组织样本制备组织芯片,尽管组织芯片技术与传统方法检测的结果的一致率仍随着对同一标本取材次数的增加而提高,但是三种不同取材方式的检测结果之间并无统计学差异.因此,一式一份取材制备组织芯片完全可替代传统制片技术用于免疫组织化学乃至原位杂交、荧光原位杂交技术的研究,且可保证组织芯片的可信性和高通量特征.

Objective To investigate the role and its relationship of VEGF,bFGF,C-myc on occurrence and development of infant hemangioma.Methods By immunohistochemistrical S-P method,the VEGF,bFGF and C-myc were observed in the tissue of 32 proliferative hemangiomas and 38 involuting hemangiomas.Results The positive rate of VEGF,bFGF in proliferative hemangiomas were 100%,that in involuting hemangiomas were 73.68%,84.21%,there were significant differences beween grops(P0.01).The positive rate 100% of C-myc was significantly higher in involuting hemangiomas than 81.25% in proliferatine hemangiomas(P0.01).There were positive correlation between VEGF and bFGF (rs=0.523 ,P0.01; rs=0.541,P0.01),There were negative relationship between C-myc and VEGF in proliferate or involuting hemangiomas (rs=-0.413,P0.05; rs=-0.472,P0.01).There was negative correlation between C-myc and bFGF in proliferate hemangioma(rs=-0.475,P0.01).There was no relationship in involuting hemangioma(rs=-0.229 ,P0.05).Conclusion VEGF,bFGF,C-myc play an important role on occurrence and development of infantile hemangioma,VEGF and bFGF copromote hemangioma proliferation,C-myc might be related to proliferation and regression of hemangioma.

Objective To investigate the relationship of C-myc,bcl-2,p53 with proliferation,regrsstion of hemangioma.Methods We observed the C-myc,bcl-2 and p53 in the tissue of 31 proliferative hemangiomas and 35 involuting hemangiomas by immunohistochemical s-p method.Results The positive rate of C-myc in proliferative hemangiomas was 80.65%,that in involuting hemangiomas was 100%.There were significantly differences beween two groups(P0.01).The positive rate 83.87% of bcl-2 was significantly higher in proliferative hemangiomas than 45.71% in involuting hemangiomas(P0.01).The positive p53 was located in the mast cells cytoplasm.The number of mast cells stained with p53 was 31.18±9.08/HPF in proliferative hemangiomas,higher than 14.05±6.42/HPF in involuting hemangiomas(P0.01).Conclusion C-myc,bcl-2,p53 have relationship with proliferation and regression of infancy hemangiomas,have different role in various stages of hemangiomas.

患者男性,56岁.间断性左上腹痛2个月.B超示左肾中极有2个回声结节.静脉肾盂造影示左肾软组织包块.术中见肾中极有一5 cm×6 cm×5 cm肿块,与周围分界清晰,遂行左肾切除术.

20世纪80年代以来,结核病出现疫情回潮现象,卫生部今年公布的我国传染病发病率中,结核病居首位.早期诊断、早期治疗是控制传染源并使其有效治疗的关键.用PCR技术检测临床标本中的结核杆菌,为结核病的诊断提供了快速有效的方法.在实际工作中,我们发现由于某些干扰因素的存在,组织中结核杆菌-DNA的检测仍存在诸多问题[1],模板的有效提取直接影响扩增效率.从实际应用的角度出发,我们选取了4种方法进行结核杆菌-DNA提取的比较,现报道如下.