Using the 2017 module of International Social Survey Program (ISSP), we explore the differences in individual social capital between netizens and non-netizens across seven countries and make a tentative analysis of how varying degrees of economic development and inequality are associated with social capital and netizen's advantage in social capital. We find that netizens have higher social capital than non-netizens in six ISSP member countries, supporting a common social compensation effect. Second, national economic development is positively associated with social capital but the netizen's advantage in social capital is lower in more advanced economies. Third, national economic inequality is negatively associated with social capital while the netizen serves as a protective role in offsetting its negative influence on social capital.

Social networks are an important factor affecting Chinese residents’ subjective well-being (SWB). Dividing social networks from the functional perspective can elucidate the SWB effect more effectively. This paper aims to explore how different social network supports affect SWB, further analyze the mechanism of individual resilience between them, and observe its changing trend throughout life. Based on the 2016 China Labor Dynamics Survey data (CLDS), this paper constructs an indicator system of individual resilience and, from the functional perspective, divides social networks into instrumental and emotional functions (SNI and SNE). According to age and the sequence of major life events, classify age groups as the operational variables of life course. The mediating effect and moderated mediating effect are the main models. First, different types of social support in social networks are significant predictors of SWB. Among them, SNI has a greater effect on SWB than SNE and remains stable throughout life. Second, individual resilience is vital to SWB, and its effect does not vary throughout life. Third, individual resilience mediates between social networks and SWB, and its mediating effect increases over life. The theoretical implications of developing social network measurement from a functional perspective and policy implications of focusing on the social support function of social networks and preventing it from disrupting social resource allocation rules are proposed.

This study contributes a comprehensive framework to examine the roles of family social capital and gender in the association between intergenerational living arrangements and old parents’ happiness. Analyzing data from the Chinese General Social Survey 2017 ( N = 1200), we find that intergenerational living arrangements have become increasingly diverse in contemporary China, with two-thirds of older parents not in coresidence with their adult children or grandchildren. Compared to older parents who live in network families, those in stem families report greater happiness, whereas those in truncated-stem families experience reduced happiness. Additionally, family social capital plays a mediating role in the associations between intergenerational living arrangements and old parents’ happiness. The moderation analysis further indicates that the positive effect of stem family arrangements on family interactions is stronger for older mothers than for fathers. These findings make it explicit that Chinese elders’ happiness is shaped by both their physical living environment and the social resources available within it, demonstrating the nuanced influencing mechanisms underlying the diversifying family structures. Future policies and intervention programs aimed to improve older adults’ subjective wellbeing should both consider their intergenerational living patterns and foster family interactions and support.

This paper is a thematic review of the theoretical analysis and empirical research carried out by sociologists about guanxi networks in the past decade. Among other topics of sociological interest, the authors have chosen to focus on five aspects of guanxi networks in China: diverse theoretical approaches, changing trends, causal inference, positive and negative effects, and relationally altered social stratification. In each of these aspects, the authors synthesize the main points and conclusions of both Chinese- and English-language publications, while providing a concise discussion on the directions of future research of sociological significance and highlighting potential avenues for further exploration in the field.

Medical crowdfunding is an accessible alternative for individuals to meet their unaffordable health needs. This study explores the role of personal networks in medical crowdfunding performance from the perspective of tie strength and whether gender inequality persists in the returns of personal networks in this survival context, using bilateral data of both the ego and the alters collected from a large representative medical crowdfunding platform in China. It is found that kin ties play a fundamental and predominant role while pseudo-kin ties, being less strong than kin ties in terms of mutual sentiment and reciprocal obligations to help each other, play an accumulative role and are more influential in increasing crowdfunding performance, and neighbour and other role relations have the weakest effect and contribution. Importantly, women are not discriminated against when mobilizing personal networks for medical crowdfunding as they enjoy the same returns of most personal ties as men do.

个体化兴起与联系性重塑是互联网时代的双重特征,而比较网民和非网民的社会资本差异性提供了一个不可或缺的理论视角和研究议题.基于全国综合社会调查2003和2017两期数据分析,本文得到以下研究结论:第一,网民拥有社会资本优势,且这种优势随着互联网时代的发展而增加;第二,网民的社会资本相对优势,是数字鸿沟和技术赋能双重机制共同作用的结果;第三,网络交往重塑了联系性,线上空间与线下空间形成丰富的人际关系,并可以进行虚实转换.

Previous articleNext article No AccessReviewsThe Theory of Guanxi and Chinese Society, by Jack Barbalet. New York: Oxford University Press, 2021. 224 pp. £65.00 (cloth); also available as an e-book.Yanjie BianYanjie BianUniversity of Minnesota Search for more articles by this author PDFPDF PLUSFull Text Add to favoritesDownload CitationTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints Share onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditEmailPrint SectionsMoreDetailsFiguresReferencesCited by The China Journal Volume 89January 2023 Published on behalf of the Australian Centre on China in the World at the Australian National University Article DOIhttps://doi.org/10.1086/722879 Views: 49Total views on this site For permission to reuse, please contact [email protected].PDF download Crossref reports no articles citing this article.

High-level generalized trust is a vital social condition and soft power in the modernization process.Our comparative analysis of the latest international survey data shows that interpersonal social networks can both promote and reduce generalized trust.For one thing,the diversity of individuals'strong-tie and weak-tie networks increase levels of generalized trust,with weak-tie networks being more important.For another,the more frequently people participate in social dining with their core network members,the lower levels of their generalized trust is observed.Data analysis indicates that the expansion power of weak-tie networks and the shrinkage power of social-dining networks are universal,while the effect of strong-tie networks is conditional up-on individuals'gender,age,marriage,education,occupation,and income.These empirical findings imply that the effort of constructing a modernized social structure must be focused on adjusting group differences and con-straints of strong-tie networks,allowing people to expand social interactions outside their core network circles,and building extensive weak-tie network channels.

运用中国综合社会调查2010年数据和社会资本理论,考察民众积累法律知识的过程机制与差异性.实证分析发现:(1)民众的法律知识受其教育程度、收入水平、党员身份、体制内就业、非农户籍等社会经济地位指标的正向影响;(2)社交时间投入、亲属聚会、朋友聚会是社会资本的重要来源,不但提供了法律知识的交流环境,而且激励人们阅读和讨论时事,不断更新和充实法律知识;(3)社会资本缩小了社会阶层地位所产生的法律知识水平差异,协同正式制度推进各个社会群体成员学法懂法.这些实证发现预示着,在推进法治社会建设进程中,社会资本是民众积累法律知识、实现普法效果的重要社会机制.

This study examines the effect of job-career networks on job promotion within organizations and how this effect is constrained by structural factors such as occupational norms and opportunity structure. Our findings reveal that job-career networks positively affect promotion within organizations.Compared to market connections,hierarchical connections within organizations exert a more powerful effect on promotion. Hierarchical connections within organizations are persistently associated with preferment in the administrative career track. In contrast,market connections have a stronger effect on preferment in the technical career track. Job-career networks have a greater effect on competitive promotion at higher levels than those at lower levels. Additionally,organizational factors moderate the effect of job-career networks.

在体育强国的推进路径探索中,提出体育社会资本的概念并建构相关理论,将社会资本的联系性视角融入体育参与的群体性场景.使用中国健康与营养调查(CHNS 2015)数据进行实证分析,验证这一新概念的有效性及其群体差异,发现:在群体层面,平均地位优势越大,群体的体育社会资本存量越高;在个体层面,体育社会资本存量越高,居民的身心健康状况越好、生活满意度也越高.启示:实现体育强国目标,让全民具备较高的身心健康水平和生活满意度,需要培育体育社会资本,尤其是提升弱势群体的体育社会资本;体育社会资本的提升策略必须立足本土现实,发掘本土文化优势;应缩小我国不同区域和社会群体间的体育社会资本存量差距,实现全民健康和福祉的均衡发展.

互联网时代,虽然普通网络维权是频繁发生的社会现象,但鲜有深入的学术研究.2017年中国综合社会调查数据分析表明,社会资本是促进依法有序网络维权的重要社会机制.具体地说:一是社会资本发挥社会支持和社会动员功能,通过资源帮扶和网络交往两种机制,作用于个体网络维权意愿和行动;二是嵌入人际关系的法律资源(法律知识和法律运用技能),促进个体利用线上的制度渠道,依法维权;三是同等条件下,年轻人、高教育群体网络维权意愿更强烈、行动更频繁;对网民影响力的乐观判断也鼓舞了普通网络维权.这些发现预示着,丰富的人际社会资本含量,将促使人们通过线上正式渠道维护权益,有利于推进互联网治理和数字社会的法治建设.

This chapter presents systematic evidence on the persistent power of guanxi, the Chinese phrase for informal social relations and networks, in transitional China. I draw heavily on my previous publications reporting findings from a series of probability sample surveys of the Job-Search Network (thereafter JSNET) project in Chinese cities, and job histories of the survey respondents combined cover a span of 37 years from 1978, the beginning year of China's market-oriented reforms, to 2014, the year of last JSNET survey completed.

人际关系网络需要"激活"才能动员其中的社会资本.本文研究求职者在社会资本的激活阶段,采取先锁定职位激活的策略(职位先定)和采取先锁定关系激活的策略(关系先定),在求职时间、入职单位性质、入职收入等方面的差异.基于2014年"八城市社会网与求职调查"数据(JSNET 2014),采用干预效应模型和倾向值匹配方法,论文证实家庭和个体属性会导致求职者采取不同的激活策略,在排除这种选择性偏差后,不同激活策略依然会导致不同的收入回报.