全程机械化作业是现代烟草农业发展的必然选择.为了从组织管理角度加快推进烟草农业机械化进程,以河南许昌为试点,对烟叶生产全程机械化探索实践进行复盘,总结关键点,并基于扎根理论方法构建烟叶生产全程机械化理论模型,内含4个主范畴、12个副范畴和46条概念.研究结果表明,烟叶生产全程机械化的核心逻辑是通过资源拼凑行为打破土地规模狭小、农机农艺脱节等关键制约.理论模型中合作社的资源拼凑行为引发了资源约束突破与组织模式变革,并通过这两条路径推动生产力与生产关系不断调整,实现烟叶生产全程机械化.合作社作为现代烟草农业的重要生产组织形式,其对适度规模烟田、系列烟用农机等资源的有效获取是实现烟叶生产全程机械化的基础;对生产资源的规模化整合、合理化利用进而实现宜机化改造是烟叶生产全程机械化的关键.

农业新技术的采用可以改变农业资源利用方式,弥补传统技术的不足,增强农作物对外界环境变化的适应能力,进而降低农业生产成本,增加农户收入.2022 年中央一号文件继续强调要推进农业领域技术体系建设,加快品种研发,加强技术人才队伍建设,构建技术创新平台,为现代农业建设提供技术支撑.

为实现打叶复烤过程片烟结构质量稳定性的控制,利用SPC技术对云南省烟草公司2008年的片烟样品CAAF3进行统计分析,构造了分析用控制图和控制用控制图,并对过程进行了稳态判断和过程能力分析,结果表明:第3组和第5组样品的打叶过程出现稳定异常;异常因素消除后的过程能力（Cpk=0.36）较低,因此SPC技术可以对打叶复烤过程片烟结构质量进行有效检测和控制,以满足烟草工业需求。

[Objective] The purpose was to select the best tobacco varieties for planning in Xuchang tobacco area.[Method] By contrast with NC89,the biological characteristics,leaf appearance qualities and economic characters of six tobacco variety,including CF213,zhongyan202,qinyan97,yuyan9,liaoyan17 and longjiang935 were analyzed.The correlations between agronomic characters and economic characters were analyze by multivariate analysis.[Method] The results showed that CF213 and zhongyan202 had great growth,such as strong growth vigor in fields,high yield and output,strong disease resistance,good apparent quality.They should be recommended for future planting in Xuchang.CF213 and zhongyan202 had poor field resistance,especially the antiviral ability compared with the treatment of CK.The yield and value of CF213 were lower than control.The economic characters and disease resistance of qinyan97 and 980 were poor.The resistance to Black Shank of liaoyan17 was low.Yield and height have significantly middle positive relation with the plant height,leaf number and girth.The plant height and girth directly affected yield and output.The effect between leaf number and yield and output was mainly indirect.[Conclusion] The study provides a scientific basis for updating,producing and popularizing of flue-cured tobacco new varieties in Xuchang tobacco area.

The concept and characteristics of modern tobacco aigriculture were introduced,the status of tobacco production and the problems of developing modern tobacoo agriculture in china were analyzed,and some suggestions for the quickening development were put forward in this article.

The relationship between chemical component indices and sensory quality indices of tobacco leaves from 15 provinces and abroad has been analyzed by simple correlation analysis.The result showed that all chemical component indices had significant or extremely significant correlations with total score of sensory quality.The correlations listed in order of correlative degree from big to small were total nitrogen-nicotine-total sugar+the difference between total sugar and reducing sugar+organic potassium+ reducing sugar+the ratio of reducing sugar to nicotine+inorganic sulfur-the ratio of potassium to sulfur+the ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar-the ratio of potassium to chlorine+the ratio of total nitrogen to nicotine +total chlorine-total potassium +(the superscript of chemical index signed for -expressed that the chemical index negatively correlated with total score of sensory quality,and for +,contrary).The research suggests that the difference between total sugar and reducing sugar has more close relationship with sensory quality compared with the ratio of reducing sugar to total sugar,and that inorganic sulfur,organic potassium have more close relationships with combustibility and sensory quality compared with total potassium,total chlorine and the ratio of potassium to chlorine.The difference between total sugar and reducing sugar,inorganic sulfur,organic potassium could be used as important indices for evaluation of quality of flue-cured tobacco.

In order to promote the traditional tobacco leaf production to modern tobacco agriculture,the development road had been tried as power source of tobacco park construction in Xuchang,Henan province.The pattern of modern tobacco production of a large-scale cultivation,intensive management,information management,professional services was initially set up during 3 years of construction.And good economic,ecological and social benefits were achieved.It was usefully explored for the agricultural modernization of China's tobacco.

介绍了许昌市烟草农业生产管理机制创新的先进经验,探讨了进一步完善"公司+农户"烟叶产业化发展模式和充分发掘"公司"与"农户"两个市场主体间各生产要素的潜力问题,提出了相应的对策措施,对农业产业化发展机制创新具有很好的借鉴意义。

In order to breed new tobacco varieties with medicable function,the total DNA of medicinal plant mentha(Mentha haplocalyx Briq.) was introduced into oriental tobacco cv.Basma via pollen-tubeway,the descendants variated comprehensively.A hybrid descendant assuming better traits,designated BD804,was obtained after screening for 3 consecutive years.Routine chemical component analysis indicated that there was no noticeable difference between BD804 and tobacco,and GC/MS test showed that the content of menthol in BD804 was far higher than that in tobacco.78 primers were used to detect the genomes of tobacco,mentha and BD804 with RAPD.The results indicated that 668 bands were produced in tobacco,mentha and BD804,among them,14 bands of BD804 were discovered only in mentha,and the similarity rates of BD804 with tobacco and mentha were 92.80% and 5.84%,respectively.It indicated that some DNA fragments of mentha were integrated into tobacco and tobacco genome variation resulted.