Four peptide sequences characterized by high content of hydrophobic, charged, and polar amino acids were obtained from 23 clones of M13 phage. Peptides P2 and P4 exhibited highest binding affinity for immobilized trypomastigotes. The inhibitory effects of peptides seemed to be due to blockade of certain epitopes on T. cruzi surface proteins responsible for interactions with the respective receptors of host cells.

We studied in vivo antitumor effect of epimastigote form detritus of Trypanosoma cruzi, Mexican Albarrada strain, on L5178Y malignant tumor in BALB/c mice. The antitumor effect of ultrasonic detritus of the parasite was confirmed by shrinkage of the tumor and changed size of its symplastic necroses.

To the article “Integral Approach to Evaluation of the Pathogenic Activity of Trypanosoma Cruzi Clones as Exemplifi ed by the Mexican Strain” by Valery Melnikov, Francisco Espinoza-Gomez, Oscar Newton-Sanchez, Ivan Delgado-Ensiso, Oswal Antonio Montesinos-Lopez, M. V. Dalin, Bertha Espinoza, Ignacio Martinez, L. A. Sheklakova, Oksana Dobrovinskaya, and L. P. Karpenko, Vol. 156, No. 1, pp. 70-72, November, 2013

Comparative histopathological study and analysis of parasite load in different muscle groups were carried out in BALB/c mice during the acute phase of Chagas disease. Activities of C104 clone of T. cruzi strain TPAP/MX/2002/Albarrada and the parental strain were compared. Panoramic 2D-microscopy imaging of sample surface was used and quantitative analysis of parasitism and pathologic damage was performed. The infection rates in various muscle groups were as follows: myocardium = abdominal muscles = lumbar muscles = femoral muscles ← diaphragm for the clone and myocardium⊣abdominal muscles = lumbar muscles = femoral muscles → diaphragm for the parental strain.

Respiration hydrogen analyzer H(2)Rate has been used in pilot examinations of a group of students. This method for noninvasive diagnosis of small intestinal diseases promotes proper interpretation of the results. Free hydrogen level in the exhaled air increases as a result of lactulose (diagnostic agent) cleavage by enteric microflora within about 3 h. Based on the experimental data, the main groups with characteristic curves reflecting the time course of hydrogen concentrations have been distinguished. Excessive bacterial colonization of the intestine can correspond to emergence of characteristic peaks of hydrogen concentrations in the curve. Hydrogen concentrations in exhaled air can also be analyzed to evaluate the rate of the substrate propulsion in the middle compartment of the intestine.

Experiments with passive transfer of immunocompetent cell and serum demonstrated suppression of tumor growth after transfer of splenocytes from animals immunized with Trypanosoma cruzi. The nonspecific constituent of antitumor effect of immunocompetent cells was detected. The previously reported oncoprotective effect of mucins 2 and 3 was not confirmed.

The incidence of Helicobacter pylori infection is analyzed by the results of screening of first- and fourth-year students of Moscow Institute of Foreign Affairs using HelicoSense Scientific breath test system. Age-related dynamics of the infection in patients examined for the first time has been traced. The data on infection rates in patients after eradication therapy are presented.

Adhesion activity of L. acidophilus NK1, L. fermentum 90 TS4, and C. albicans 506 B on female vaginal epithelium was studied. Adhesion of various lactobacillus species was hormone-dependent. Adhesion of C. albicans 506 B was not associated with estrogen level. The effects of synthetic drugs and phytopreparations used for hormone replacement on adhesion of vaginal microbiocenosis members varied.

The article deals with the testing of phytoestrogens containing in plants endemic to Chile. This research confirms that phytoextract has the similar effect upon the target-tissues like estradiol. It was detected, that this substance inhibits the stimulating action of estradiol over the population of lactobacillus in vagina.

Phytoestrogens present in the plants endemic for Chile were studied. The effects of phytoextract [specimen of preparation No. 181 (fraction b)] on target tissues were similar to those of estradiol. The preparation inhibited the stimulatory effect of estradiol on vaginal lactobacilli population.

The lectin-binding component added to gel was studied in vivo as a potential therapeutic and preventive agent in experimental vaginal candidiasis. Laboratory studies demonstrated its antimycotic effect in relapsing vaginal candidiasis in mice.

Changes in the cell wall of yeast-like fungi Candida albicans caused by bacterial enzyme lyticase were studied under an electron microscope. The results were compared with the findings on phagocytosis of lyticase-treated Candida albicans by rat alveolar macrophages. It was shown that destruction of the mannan and fibrous outer layers of the cell wall of yeast-like fungi treated with the enzyme led to the release of intracellular organelles and their content. Lyticase treatment reduced the resistance of Candida albicans to intracellular digestion by macrophages contributing to completion of phagocytosis.

Lyticase (a bacterial enzyme) was tested as a new antimycotic drug. Of all objects studied, Cellulomonas cellulans AC-870 strain proved to be most productive for this enzyme. A technology for lyticase isolation and purification was proposed. An experimental model of recurrent vaginal candidiasis was created. The model includes combined antibiotic and estradiol therapy. Antimycotic effect of lyticase on the model of recurrent vaginal candidiasis in mice was demonstrated.

Laboratory studies of lyticase (enzymatic drug) as an antimycotic agent were carried out. The enzyme reduced optical density of Candida albicans test culture, inhibited adhesion of yeast-like fungi on vaginal epitheliocytes, stimulated the formation of germinative tubes, and made Candida albicans more available for phagocytosis.

The experiments with passive transfer of splenocytes obtained from animals immunized with Trypanosoma cruzi lysate revealed the role of cell-mediated component of the immunity in the antitumor effect of T. cruzi. The common features of T. cruzi antigens and tumor-specific antigens of Ehrlich's adenocarcinoma were demonstrated. These antigens were shown to have common epitopes with mammalian mucins. The oncoprotective effect was achieved by immunization with type II and III mucins and was reproduced after passive transfer of splenocytes from immunized animals.

A sampling of lactobacilli from the German National Collection of Microorganisms and L. fermentum 90 TS-4 (21) reference strain clone 3 (Russian Federation) were studied. The results indicate that the receptors on the surface of lactobacillus strains from the German collection had no structures complementary to type 1 fimbriae, though adhesins of some of them reacted with mannose and galactose receptors. Adhesion on a monolayer of continuous cell cultures showed that adhesion activity of lactobacilli was a function of many derivatives, and hence, the choice of a model for evaluation of the adhesion characteristics of the strain should be based on adhesins exhibiting universal properties in different test systems. One of them can be lectin-binding adhesin; its expression on the surface of cultures of lactobacilli from the German collection varies within the same range as was shown previously for lactobacilli, studied by the same criterion. The molecular weight of lectin-binding adhesin is 25–30 kDa, and the corresponding receptors are frequently present on various eukaryotic cells, and hence, cell models can be considered as the most adequate for studies of the competitive interactions between lactobacilli and adhesins of pathogenic microorganisms.

There are some of the strains that have a very high adhesion activity, but the others express a lectin-depended component into the cultural media among industrial Lactobacilus strains. The lactin-depcndcd component that has been produced during concentrated cultural filtrate fraction of L.fermentum strain 90 TS-4(21) clone 3 has been determined as an acid glycoprotein with molecular weight from 100 to 300 kDa. The component modulates the adhesion of test cultures of the target cells.

The isolates of C. albicans that had been taken from patients with acute vulvovaginal candidiasis were researched and the following was determined. The acute vulvovaginal candidiasis strains were growing very fast in pH 6, and had a very high production of the germ tubes. The strains that had been taken from asymptomatic patients had maximum growth in pH5 and showed no significant germ tube production at this pH level. The acute vulvovaginal candidiasis strains had higher photolytic activity than asymptomatic ones.